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91.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100130803A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-27
申请号：US12323132
申请日：2008-11-25
CPC分类号： C07C2/78 , C07C5/09 , C10G2400/24 , C07C11/24 , C07C11/04
摘要： A process and apparatus are provided to produce acetylene from a feed stream of low hydrogen content hydrocarbons such as coal by: (a) blending the hydrocarbons with methane to provide a blended mixture containing at least about 12.5 wt % atomic hydrogen; (b) partially combusting the blended mixture in a reactor in the presence of a source of oxygen to provide a partially combusted mixture at or above a temperature sufficient to produce methyl radicals; (c) maintaining the partially combusted mixture at or above the temperature for a residence time sufficient to produce a product stream containing enhanced yields of acetylene without significant formation of coke or coke precursors; (d) cooling the product stream to reduce the temperature of the product stream within a time sufficiently brief to substantially arrest any cracking reactions and provide a cooled product stream; and (e) recovering acetylene from the cooled product stream. The acetylene can be converted to ethylene by a conventional hydrogenation process.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和装置，用于通过以下方式从低含氢烃类进料流中产生乙炔：（a）将烃与甲烷混合，得到含有至少约12.5wt％原子氢的共混混合物; （b）在氧气源存在的情况下在反应器中部分燃烧混合物，以在足以产生甲基自由基的温度或高于其温度下提供部分燃烧的混合物; （c）将部分燃烧的混合物保持在等于或高于该温度的停留时间足以产生含有较高产率的乙炔的产物流，而不显着形成焦炭或焦炭前体; （d）冷却产物流以在足够短的时间内降低产物流的温度，以基本上阻止任何裂解反应并提供冷却的产物流; 和（e）从冷却的产物流中回收乙炔。 乙炔可以通过常规的氢化方法转化为乙烯。
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公开(公告)号：US20100126907A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-27
申请号：US12277056
申请日：2008-11-24
申请人： Changmin Chun , Frank Hershkowitz
发明人： Changmin Chun , Frank Hershkowitz
CPC分类号： C10G9/00 , C04B35/482 , C04B35/486 , C04B38/0006 , C04B2111/00793 , C04B2111/0081 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3206 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3217 , C04B2235/3224 , C04B2235/3225 , C04B2235/3227 , C04B2235/3229 , C04B2235/3232 , C04B2235/3239 , C04B2235/3241 , C04B2235/3246 , C04B2235/3251 , C04B2235/3256 , C04B2235/3258 , C04B2235/3262 , C04B2235/3272 , C04B2235/3275 , C04B2235/3279 , C04B2235/3418 , C04B2235/5436 , C04B2235/5445 , C04B2235/5472 , C04B2235/6021 , C04B2235/72 , C04B2235/77 , C04B2235/783 , C04B2235/785 , C04B2235/786 , C04B2235/788 , C04B2235/95 , C04B2235/96 , C10G9/26 , C04B38/0074
摘要： In one aspect, the invention includes a heat stable, formed ceramic component that includes a multimodal grain distribution including (i) at least 50 wt % of coarse grains including stabilized zirconia, the coarse grains comprising a D50 grain size in the range of from 5 to 800 μm, based upon the total weight of the component; and (ii) at least 1 wt % of fine grains comprising a D50 average grain size not greater than one-fourth the D50 grain size of the coarse grain, dispersed within the coarse grains, based upon the total weight of the component; wherein after sintering, the component has porosity at ambient temperature in the range of from 5 to 45 vol. %, based on the formed volume of the component. In other embodiments, the invention includes a process for the manufacture of a hydrocarbon pyrolysis product from a hydrocarbon feed using a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system, comprising the steps of: (a) heating a pyrolysis reactor comprising a bi-modal stabilized zirconia ceramic component to a temperature of at least 1500° C. to create a heated reactive region, wherein after exposing the component to a temperature of at least 1500° C. for two hours the component has a bulk porosity measured at ambient temperature in the range of from 5 to 45 vol. %, based on the bulk volume of the component; (b) feeding a hydrocarbon feed to the heated pyrolysis reactor to pyrolyze the hydrocarbon feed and create a pyrolyzed hydrocarbon feed; and (c) quenching the pyrolyzed hydrocarbon feed to produce the hydrocarbon pyrolysis product.
摘要翻译： 在一个方面，本发明包括一种热稳定的成形陶瓷组分，其包括多峰晶粒分布，其包括（i）至少50重量％的包含稳定的氧化锆的粗晶粒，所述粗晶粒包含D50晶粒尺寸在5 至800μm，基于组分的总重量; 和（ii）基于组分的总重量，至少1重量％的包含分散在粗晶粒内的D50平均粒径不大于粗晶粒的D50晶粒尺寸的四分之一的细晶粒; 其中烧结后，该组分在环境温度下具有5至45体积％的孔隙率。 ％，基于组成的体积。 在其它实施方案中，本发明包括使用再生热解反应器系统从烃进料制造烃热解产物的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）将包含双稳态氧化锆陶瓷组分的热解反应器加热至 至少1500℃的温度以产生加热的反应性区域，其中在将组分暴露于至少1500℃的温度两小时之后，该组分具有在环境温度下测量的体积孔隙，范围为5 至45体积 ％，基于组件的批量; （b）将烃进料加入到加热的热解反应器中以使烃进料热解并产生热解的烃进料; 和（c）淬灭热解的烃进料以产生烃热解产物。
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93.发明申请Pyrolysis reactor conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks into higher value hydrocarbons 有权热解反应器将烃原料转化为更高价值的烃公开(公告)号：US20090008292A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12119762
申请日：2008-05-13
CPC分类号： C10G9/26 , C10G69/06 , C10G2300/301 , C10G2300/802 , C10G2300/807 , C10G2400/20 , Y02P30/40
摘要： In one aspect, the inventive process comprises a process for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock containing nonvolatiles in a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system. The inventive process comprises: (a) heating the nonvolatile-containing hydrocarbon feedstock upstream of a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system to a temperature sufficient to form a vapor phase that is essentially free of nonvolatiles and a liquid phase containing the nonvolatiles; (b) separating said vapor phase from said liquid phase; (c) feeding the separated vapor phase to the pyrolysis reactor system; and (d) converting the separated vapor phase in said pyrolysis reactor system to form a pyrolysis product.
摘要翻译： 一方面，本发明的方法包括在再生热解反应器系统中热解含有非挥发物的烃原料的方法。 本发明的方法包括：（a）将再生热解反应器系统上游的含非挥发物烃原料加热至足以形成基本上不含非挥发物的气相和含有非挥发物的液相的温度; （b）从所述液相中分离出所述气相; （c）将分离的气相进料到热解反应器系统; 和（d）在所述热解反应器系统中转化分离的气相以形成热解产物。
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94.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080038598A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-14
申请号：US11391520
申请日：2006-03-28
申请人： Paul Berlowitz , Rajeev Agnihotri , Frank Hershkowitz , Novica Rados , Jeffrey Frederick , David Calabro , Randall Partridge
发明人： Paul Berlowitz , Rajeev Agnihotri , Frank Hershkowitz , Novica Rados , Jeffrey Frederick , David Calabro , Randall Partridge
CPC分类号： H01M8/04225 , G06F1/184 , G06F1/187 , G06F1/20 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0612
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided which includes a hydrocarbon fuel processor for generating hydrogen for use in a fuel cell. The system further includes a hydrogen buffer for storing a portion of the hydrogen generated by the fuel processor. The system further includes a staged hydrogen selective membrane providing pressurized hydrogen to the buffer. This stored hydrogen may then be used during start-up of the system in a number of ways, such as feed for the fuel cell, or when the fuel processor output is temporarily less than that required by the operating demand of the fuel cell.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种燃料电池系统，其包括用于产生用于燃料电池的氢的烃燃料处理器。 该系统还包括用于存储由燃料处理器产生的一部分氢的氢气缓冲器。 该系统还包括向缓冲液提供加压氢的分级氢选择性膜。 然后可以以多种方式（例如燃料电池的进料）或当燃料处理器输出暂时小于燃料电池的运行需求所需的时间时，该储存的氢气可以在系统启动期间使用。
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公开(公告)号：US06329434B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-11
申请号：US09545789
申请日：2000-04-07
IPC分类号： C07C2700
CPC分类号： C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1619 , C01B2203/169 , C01B2203/1695 , Y02P20/128
摘要： The instant invention is directed to a catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) process with improved ignition comprising; (a) igniting an ignition feed comprising hydrogen, diluent and oxygen in a catalytic partial oxidation catalyst bed wherein said ignition feed has a predetermined adiabatic reaction temperature sufficient to cause said catalyst bed to ignite in a manner which prevents said catalyst bed from undergoing thermal shock, (b) modifying said ignition feed following said ignition of said catalyst bed to obtain a reaction feed comprising oxygen and hydrocarbon-reactant in a molar ratio capable of producing partial oxidation products in said catalyst bed under partial oxidation conditions, wherein said modification of said ignition feed is conducted to accomplish a predetermined heatup rate of said catalyst bed, and wherein the amount of diluent present during said modification is sufficient to control the adiabatic reaction temperature.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有改进点火的催化部分氧化（CPO）方法，包括： （a）在催化部分氧化催化剂床中点燃包括氢气，稀释剂和氧气的点火进料，其中所述点火进料具有足以使所述催化剂床以防止所述催化剂床经受热冲击的方式点燃的预定绝热反应温度 ，（b）在所述催化剂床点火之后修改所述点火进料，以获得在部分氧化条件下能够在所述催化剂床中产生部分氧化产物的摩尔比的包含氧和烃反应物的反应进料，其中所述 进行点火进料以实现所述催化剂床的预定加热速率，并且其中在所述改性期间存在的稀释剂的量足以控制绝热反应温度。
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公开(公告)号：US5520722A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-28
申请号：US375434
申请日：1995-01-18
申请人： Frank Hershkowitz , Gabor Kiss
发明人： Frank Hershkowitz , Gabor Kiss
CPC分类号： C07C45/50 , B01D53/1487 , Y02P20/582
摘要： The invention is a process for the preferential removal of a variable amount of alkynes and multiunsaturates from a gas stream containing at least hydrogen, olefins, alkynes, and multiunsaturates by contacting a gas stream containing H.sub.2, olefins, alkynes and multiunsaturates with a metal complex-containing stream selected from the group consisting of liquids and slurries, at conditions sufficient to form multiunsaturate adducts of the metal complex, by introducing the metal complex stream at a rate sufficient to form stoichiometric adducts of the alkynes and multiunsaturates to be removed, and removing the alkyne and multiunsaturate adducts of the metal complex. The invention has utility for removal of multiunsaturates from multicomponent syngas streams.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种通过使包含H 2，烯烃，炔和多不饱和化合物的气流与金属络合物的气流接触，优选从至少包含氢，烯烃，炔和多不饱和物的气流中除去可变量的炔和多不饱和物的方法， 在足以形成金属络合物的多不饱和加合物的条件下，通过以足以形成待除去的炔和多不饱和化合物的化学计量加合物的速率引入金属络合物流，将含有物流选自由液体和浆料组成的组中， 炔和多不饱和的金属络合物的加合物。 本发明可用于从多组分合成气流中除去多不饱和物。
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公开(公告)号：US4469584A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-04
申请号：US413629
申请日：1982-09-01
CPC分类号： C10G1/02 , Y10S208/951
摘要： Disclosed is a process for converting solid carbonaceous material, such as oil-shale, to a discriminate range of liquid and gaseous products, which process includes treating the carbonaceous material with an inert gas, at relatively short gas and long solids residence times in two or more temperature zones.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种将诸如油页岩的固体碳质材料转化成液体和气态产物的区别范围的方法，该方法包括用惰性气体处理碳质材料，在相对较短的气体和长固体停留时间下，以二或 更多温度区。
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公开(公告)号：US10099972B2
公开(公告)日：2018-10-16
申请号：US14531725
申请日：2014-11-03
申请人： Paul F. Keusenkothen , Timothy A. Barckholtz , J. Tim Cullinane , Robert D. Denton , Frank Hershkowitz , Ian J. Laurenzi
发明人： Paul F. Keusenkothen , Timothy A. Barckholtz , J. Tim Cullinane , Robert D. Denton , Frank Hershkowitz , Ian J. Laurenzi
摘要： Systems and a method are provided for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon and generating electricity from a tail gas stream. The method includes feeding a first stream including a raw natural gas into a reactor. The method includes converting the first stream, at least in part, to a second stream including an aromatic hydrocarbon within the reactor. The method includes separating the second stream into a tail gas stream and a liquid aromatic hydrocarbon stream and combusting at least a portion of the tail gas stream to generate electricity.
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公开(公告)号：US09868680B2
公开(公告)日：2018-01-16
申请号：US13993522
申请日：2011-12-20
IPC分类号： C07C4/04 , C07C2/06 , C08F110/02 , C08F110/06 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/16 , C10G9/18 , C10G9/26 , C10G9/38 , C07C2/76
CPC分类号： C07C4/04 , C07C2/76 , C08F110/02 , C08F110/06 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/002 , C10G9/007 , C10G9/16 , C10G9/18 , C10G9/26 , C10G9/38 , C07C11/24 , C07C11/04
摘要： An apparatus and method are provided for processing hydrocarbon feeds. The method enhances the conversion of hydrocarbon feeds into conversion products, such as ethylene and propylene. In particular, the present techniques utilize a high-severity reactor integrated with another reactor type to convert hydrocarbons to other petrochemical products.
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公开(公告)号：US09809508B2
公开(公告)日：2017-11-07
申请号：US13994220
申请日：2011-12-20
IPC分类号： C07C5/09 , C07C4/04 , C07C2/06 , C07C2/76 , C10G47/00 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/18 , C10G9/20 , C10G9/26 , C10G50/00
CPC分类号： C07C5/09 , C07C2/06 , C07C2/76 , C07C4/04 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/002 , C10G9/007 , C10G9/18 , C10G9/20 , C10G9/26 , C10G47/00 , C10G50/00 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4012 , C10G2300/42 , C10G2400/20 , C10G2400/22 , C10G2400/24 , C07C11/04 , C07C11/24
摘要： An apparatus and method are provided for processing hydrocarbon feeds. The method may pass a pyrolysis feed to a thermal pyrolysis reactor and expose at least a portion of the pyrolysis feed to high-severity operating conditions in a thermal pyrolysis reactor, wherein the thermal pyrolysis reactor is operated at operating conditions that include pressure ≧36 psig and provide a reactor product that has a C3+ to C2 unsaturate weight ratio ≦0.5.
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