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91.发明申请Method for monitoring the nitrogen oxide storage capacity of a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst used in the form of a primary catalytic converter 有权监测以一级催化转化器形式使用的氮氧化物储存催化剂的氮氧化物储存能力的方法公开(公告)号：US20090229249A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-17
申请号：US11722135
申请日：2005-12-17
CPC分类号： F01N11/00 , F01N3/0814 , F01N3/0842 , F01N3/0864 , F01N13/009 , F01N13/0093 , F01N2550/03 , Y02T10/47
摘要： Modern exhaust-gas purification systems in motor vehicles with a lean-burn engine include a starting catalyst fitted close to the engine and a main catalyst arranged in the underbody region, with both the starting catalyst and the main catalyst being formed by nitrogen oxide storage catalysts. The nitrogen oxide storage catalysts are in each case regenerated by the engine being briefly switched from lean-burn mode to rich-burn mode when the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust gas downstream of the storage catalysts rises above a predetermined value.The starting catalyst is exposed to particularly high temperatures and is therefore prone to faster ageing of its nitrogen oxide storage capacity than the main catalyst. To check the nitrogen oxide storage capacity of the starting catalyst, a regeneration which is due for the catalyst system is selected in such a way in terms of its duration and the extent to which the exhaust gas is enriched that substantially only the starting catalyst is regenerated, whereas the main catalyst is not. In this arrangement, the criterion for terminating this partial regeneration is the breakthrough of rich exhaust gas through the starting catalyst. After the engine has been switched back to lean-burn mode, the time which elapses until the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst requires regeneration again is measured. The measured time is a measure of the remaining nitrogen oxide storage capacity of the starting catalyst.
摘要翻译： 具有稀燃燃烧发动机的机动车辆中的现代废气净化系统包括安装在发动机附近的起动催化剂和布置在底体区域中的主催化剂，起始催化剂和主催化剂由氮氧化物储存催化剂形成 。 当存储催化剂下游的废气中的氮氧化物浓度升高到预定值以上时，氮氧化物储存催化剂在每种情况下都可通过发动机从稀燃模式短暂切换为富燃模式。 起始催化剂暴露于特别高的温度，因此比主催化剂容易发生氮氧化物储存容量的老化。 为了检查起始催化剂的氮氧化物存储容量，选择催化剂体系所致的再生，就其持续时间和废气浓缩程度而言，基本上只有起始催化剂被再生 ，而主催化剂不是。 在这种布置中，终止这种部分再生的标准是通过起动催化剂的富排气的突破。 在发动机已经切换回稀燃模式之后，测量在催化剂下游的废气中的氮氧化物浓度再次需要再次之前经过的时间。 测量时间是起始催化剂的剩余氮氧化物储存容量的量度。
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公开(公告)号：US20090151329A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-18
申请号：US11722149
申请日：2005-12-24
IPC分类号： F01N9/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/0275 , B01D53/9495 , B01D53/96 , F01N3/0814 , F01N3/0885
摘要： To remove the nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas from lean-burn engines, these engines are equipped with a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, which has to be regenerated frequently by the engine being briefly switched to rich-burn mode. The regeneration is usually initiated when the nitrogen oxide concentration downstream of the catalyst rises above a permissible value. In this context, there is a risk of the bed temperature of the catalyst during and after regeneration being pushed into a range with incipient thermal desorption of the nitrogen oxides on account of the heat which is released during the conversion of the nitrogen oxides by the reducing constituents of the exhaust gas. This can lead to increased nitrogen oxide emission both during the regeneration itself and after the engine has been switched back to lean-burn mode. To eliminate this problem, it is proposed to divide the rich-burn mode into two rich pulses which follow one another in time, the first rich pulse being of shorter duration than the second rich pulse.
摘要翻译： 为了从贫燃发动机的排气中除去氮氧化物，这些发动机配备有氮氧化物储存催化剂，其必须经过发动机的短时间切换为富燃烧模式而频繁地再生。 当催化剂下游的氮氧化物浓度高于允许值时，通常开始再生。 在这种情况下，存在在再生期间和之后将催化剂的床温度推到具有氮氧化物的初期热解吸的范围内的风险，这是由于在氮氧化物转化期间释放的热量通过还原 排气成分。 这可以导致在再生期间和发动机已经切换回稀燃模式之后氮氧化物排放增加。 为了消除这个问题，提出将富燃烧模式分成时间上相互依赖的两个富脉冲，第一富脉冲的持续时间比第二富脉冲短。
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公开(公告)号：US06973775B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-13
申请号：US10637884
申请日：2003-08-08
IPC分类号： F02D45/00 , B01D53/86 , B01D53/94 , F01N3/08 , F01N3/10 , F01N3/20 , F01N3/24 , F01N3/28 , F02D41/02 , F02D41/04 , F02D41/38 , F01N3/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/9481 , B01D53/949 , B01D53/9495 , F01N3/0814 , F01N3/0842 , F01N3/0864 , F01N3/0885 , F02D41/028
摘要： The invention relates to a method for desulfating a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst that contains stored nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides and that forms part of an exhaust gas purification system of a lean-burn engine. The method provides that, to initiate desulfation, the temperature of the catalyst is increased to the point where thermal desorption of the nitrogen oxides stored in the catalyst sets in, and the onset of thermal desorption of the nitrogen oxides is used as the signal to enrich the air/fuel mixture to perform the desulfation.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种含有存储的氮氧化物和硫氧化物并形成贫燃发动机的排气净化系统的一部分的氮氧化物储存催化剂脱硫方法。 该方法提供的是，为了引发脱硫，催化剂的温度升高到存储在催化剂组中的氮氧化物的热解吸附和氮氧化物的热解吸开始被用作富集信号 空气/燃料混合物进行脱硫。
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公开(公告)号：US09278347B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-08
申请号：US13594015
申请日：2012-08-24
申请人： Marcus Pfeifer , Paul Spurk , Markus Koegel , Egbert S. J. Lox , Thomas Kreuzer
发明人： Marcus Pfeifer , Paul Spurk , Markus Koegel , Egbert S. J. Lox , Thomas Kreuzer
IPC分类号： B01J21/00 , B01J29/00 , B01J21/04 , B01J23/02 , B01J37/02 , B01J35/04 , B01J35/10 , C23C18/02 , C23C18/08
CPC分类号： B01J37/0215 , B01J35/04 , B01J35/10 , B01J35/1076 , C23C18/02 , C23C18/08 , Y10T428/24157
摘要： The invention relates to a process for coating ceramic honeycomb bodies with a coating suspension containing, in a carrier liquid, catalyst components as solids and/or in dissolved form. The honeycomb bodies have parallel flow channels running through them. The walls of the flow channels generally have an open pore structure. To coat the channel walls and in particular also the interior surfaces of the pores with the coating suspension, it is proposed that the flow channels be temporarily alternately closed and the coating suspension be forced through the open pore structure of the channel walls. The coating is subsequently dried and calcined. To close the flow channels, it is possible to use thermally or chemically decomposable or soluble compositions which are decomposed or dissolved either during calcination or by means of a subsequent chemical treatment. The coated honeycomb bodies are preferably used for the purification of exhaust gases from automobiles.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及涂覆陶瓷蜂窝体的方法，该涂层悬浮液在载体液体中含有作为固体和/或溶解形式的催化剂组分。 蜂窝体具有平行的流动通道。 流动通道的壁通常具有开孔结构。 为了涂覆通道壁，特别是涂覆悬浮液的孔的内表面，建议将流动通道临时交替地封闭，并且将涂覆悬浮液强制通过通道壁的开孔结构。 随后将涂层干燥并煅烧。 为了封闭流动通道，可以使用在煅烧期间或通过随后的化学处理分解或溶解的热或可分解或可溶性组合物。 涂布的蜂窝体优选用于净化汽车废气。
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95.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08678813B2
公开(公告)日：2014-03-25
申请号：US11722123
申请日：2005-12-17
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F01N3/2006 , B01D53/9495 , F01N3/043 , F01N3/2046 , F01N2550/02 , F01N2550/20 , F28F27/02 , Y02A50/2322 , Y02T10/26
摘要： A stream of exhaust gases from the combustion of hydrocarbon-containing fuels with a variable temperature can be produced by dividing the exhaust gases into two separate part-streams, cooling one part-stream and then combining the two part-streams again. The temperature of the exhaust-gas stream which has been combined again can be set to between the temperature of the combustion of the hydrocarbon-containing fuels and the temperature of the cooled exhaust-gas part-stream by corresponding throttling of the two part-streams before they are brought together again. The exhaust-gas stream produced in this way is preferably used for the defined ageing of automotive exhaust catalysts. In this context, it is particularly advantageous that the change in the temperature of the exhaust-gas stream has no influence on its air/fuel ratio.
摘要翻译： 来自具有可变温度的含烃燃料的燃烧的废气流可以通过将废气分成两个单独的部分流，冷却一部分流，然后再次组合两个部分流来产生。 再次组合的废气流的温度可以通过相应的两部分流的节流来设定在含烃燃料的燃烧温度和冷却的废气部分流的温度之间 在他们再次聚集在一起之前。 以这种方式生产的废气流优选用于汽车尾气催化剂的限定老化。 在这种情况下，排气温度的变化对其空气/燃料比没有影响是特别有利的。
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公开(公告)号：US08278236B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-02
申请号：US12158843
申请日：2006-11-22
申请人： Marcus Pfeifer , Paul Spurk , Markus Koegel , Egbert S. J. Lox , Thomas Kreuzer
发明人： Marcus Pfeifer , Paul Spurk , Markus Koegel , Egbert S. J. Lox , Thomas Kreuzer
CPC分类号： B01J37/0215 , B01J35/04 , B01J35/10 , B01J35/1076 , C23C18/02 , C23C18/08 , Y10T428/24157
摘要： The invention relates to a process for coating ceramic honeycomb bodies with a coating suspension containing, in a carrier liquid, catalyst components as solids and/or in dissolved form. The honeycomb bodies have parallel flow channels running through them. The walls of the flow channels generally have an open pore structure. To coat the channel walls and in particular also the interior surfaces of the pores with the coating suspension, it is proposed that the flow channels be temporarily alternately closed and the coating suspension be forced through the open pore structure of the channel walls. The coating is subsequently dried and calcined. To close the flow channels, it is possible to use thermally or chemically decomposable or soluble compositions which are decomposed or dissolved either during calcination or by means of a subsequent chemical treatment. The coated honeycomb bodies are preferably used for the purification of exhaust gases from automobiles.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及涂覆陶瓷蜂窝体的方法，该涂层悬浮液在载体液体中含有作为固体和/或溶解形式的催化剂组分。 蜂窝体具有平行的流动通道。 流动通道的壁通常具有开孔结构。 为了涂覆通道壁，特别是涂覆悬浮液的孔的内表面，建议将流动通道临时交替地封闭，并且将涂覆悬浮液强制通过通道壁的开孔结构。 随后将涂层干燥并煅烧。 为了封闭流动通道，可以使用在煅烧期间或通过随后的化学处理分解或溶解的热或可分解或可溶性组合物。 涂布的蜂窝体优选用于净化汽车废气。
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97.发明授权Method for verifying the aging condition of a catalytic converter on board a vehicle 有权用于验证车辆上的催化转化器的老化状况的方法公开(公告)号：US08276438B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-02
申请号：US12675341
申请日：2008-08-29
IPC分类号： G01M15/10
CPC分类号： F01N11/002 , F01N11/005 , F01N2550/02 , Y02T10/47
摘要： The invention describes a method for determining the light-off temperature of a catalytic converter on board a vehicle. The aging condition of the catalytic converter is determined by means of the method. To test the catalytic converter, the latter is loaded for example with a CO/HC test pulse. During the combustion of the additional CO and HC on the catalytic converter, an axial temperature profile is generated. The position of the maximum of said temperature profile along the catalytic converter is dependent on the current light-off temperature. The temperature profile travels through the catalytic converter and can be measured at the outlet of the catalytic converter as a time-dependent profile. The original axial temperature profile can be inferred from the time-dependent profile. Using a calculation program, the current light-off temperature of the catalytic converter on the vehicle can be determined. The method has the advantage that the test can take place at exhaust-gas temperatures considerably higher than the light-off temperature. In this way, it is ensured that the test pulse does not lead to increased pollutant emissions.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种用于确定车辆上的催化转化器的关闭温度的方法。 通过该方法确定催化转化器的老化条件。 为了测试催化转化器，后者例如用CO / HC测试脉冲加载。 在催化转化器附加CO和HC的燃烧过程中，产生轴向温度分布。 沿着催化转化器的最大温度曲线的位置取决于当前的关闭温度。 温度曲线通过催化转化器，并且可以在催化转化器的出口处测量为时间依赖的曲线。 原始轴向温度曲线可以从时间依赖曲线推断。 使用计算程序，可以确定车辆上的催化转化器的当前关闭温度。 该方法具有的优点是，该测试可以在远低于起燃温度的废气温度下进行。 这样就可以确保测试脉冲不会导致污染物排放增加。
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公开(公告)号：US07832201B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US11722149
申请日：2005-12-24
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/0275 , B01D53/9495 , B01D53/96 , F01N3/0814 , F01N3/0885
摘要： To remove the nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas from lean-burn engines, these engines are equipped with a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, which has to be regenerated frequently by the engine being briefly switched to rich-burn mode. The regeneration is usually initiated when the nitrogen oxide concentration downstream of the catalyst rises above a permissible value. In this context, there is a risk of the bed temperature of the catalyst during and after regeneration being pushed into a range with incipient thermal desorption of the nitrogen oxides on account of the heat which is released during the conversion of the nitrogen oxides by the reducing constituents of the exhaust gas. This can lead to increased nitrogen oxide emission both during the regeneration itself and after the engine has been switched back to lean-burn mode. To eliminate this problem, it is proposed to divide the rich-burn mode into two rich pulses which follow one another in time, the first rich pulse being of shorter duration than the second rich pulse.
摘要翻译： 为了从贫燃发动机的排气中除去氮氧化物，这些发动机配备有氮氧化物储存催化剂，其必须经过发动机的短时间切换为富燃烧模式而频繁地再生。 当催化剂下游的氮氧化物浓度高于允许值时，通常开始再生。 在这种情况下，存在在再生期间和之后将催化剂的床温度推到具有氮氧化物的初期热解吸的范围内的风险，这是由于在氮氧化物转化期间释放的热量通过还原 排气成分。 这可以导致在再生期间和发动机已经切换回稀燃模式之后氮氧化物排放增加。 为了消除这个问题，提出将富燃烧模式分成时间上相互依赖的两个富脉冲，第一富脉冲的持续时间比第二富脉冲短。
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99.发明申请CATALYST FOR REDUCING NITROGEN-CONTAINING POLLUTANTS FROM THE EXHAUST GASES OF DIESEL ENGINES 审中-公开用于从柴油发动机排气中降低含氮污染物的催化剂公开(公告)号：US20100166628A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-01
申请号：US12301752
申请日：2007-02-15
申请人： Nicola Soeger , Wolfgang Schneider , Yvonne Demel , Lothar Mussmann , Ralf Sesselmann , Thomas Kreuzer
发明人： Nicola Soeger , Wolfgang Schneider , Yvonne Demel , Lothar Mussmann , Ralf Sesselmann , Thomas Kreuzer
IPC分类号： B01D53/54 , B01J29/88 , B01J29/072 , B01D50/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/9418 , B01D53/945 , B01D2255/102 , B01D2255/20723 , B01D2255/20738 , B01D2255/20761 , B01D2255/20769 , B01D2255/20776 , B01D2255/50 , B01D2255/9022 , B01D2258/012 , B01J23/42 , B01J29/072 , B01J35/0006 , B01J35/04 , B01J37/0244 , Y02T10/22 , Y02T10/24
摘要： In exhaust gas purification units for decreasing nitrogen oxides in lean-burn exhaust gas of internal combustion engines by selective catalytic reduction by means of ammonia, introduction of excess ammonia leads to undesirable emissions of unused ammonia. These emissions can be decreased by means of ammonia barrier catalysts. In the ideal case, ammonia is oxidized to nitrogen and water by these catalysts. These require additional space in the exhaust gas purification unit which may have to be taken away from the space provided for the SCR main catalyst. In addition, the use of such ammonia barrier catalysts can result in overoxidation of the ammonia to nitrogen oxides.To overcome these disadvantages, a catalyst containing two superposed layers is proposed for the removal of nitrogen-containing pollutant gases from diesel exhaust gas. The lower layer contains an oxidation catalyst and the upper layer can store at least 20 milliliters of ammonia per gram of catalyst material. This catalyst displays reduced ammonia breakthrough at good SCR conversions in the low-temperature range. It can be used as SCR catalyst having reduced ammonia breakthrough or as ammonia barrier catalyst.
摘要翻译： 在用于通过氨的选择性催化还原来减少内燃机的贫燃废气中的氮氧化物的废气净化单元中，引入过量的氨会导致不期望的未使用的氨的排放。 这些排放物可以通过氨阻隔催化剂降低。 在理想情况下，这些催化剂将氨氧化成氮和水。 这些在废气净化单元中需要额外的空间，其可能必须从为SCR主催化剂提供的空间中取走。 此外，使用这种氨阻挡催化剂可导致氨对氮氧化物的过氧化。 为了克服这些缺点，提出了一种含有两个重叠层的催化剂，用于从柴油机废气中去除含氮污染物。 下层含有氧化催化剂，上层可以存储至少20毫升氨/克催化剂材料。 该催化剂在低温范围内以良好的SCR转化率显示出降低的氨渗透。 它可以用作具有减少的氨穿透或作为氨阻挡催化剂的SCR催化剂。
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100.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07735312B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-15
申请号：US10589424
申请日：2005-02-04
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F01N11/005 , B01D53/9495 , F01N3/0871 , F01N3/0885 , F01N2430/06 , F01N2550/03 , Y02T10/20 , Y02T10/47
摘要： When a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst is being regenerated, the regeneration may be terminated for example as a result of a premature load change in the engine, which can lead to incomplete emptying of the storage catalyst. The residual filling level which remains in the catalyst following an incomplete regeneration of this nature is used as the starting value for calculation of the filling level during the next storage phase. After incomplete regeneration, the nitrogen oxide conversion rate is initially greater than would be expected, on account of the residual filling level. By taking this increased conversion rate into account when calculating the filling level during the storage phase, it is possible to further improve the accuracy of the calculation.
摘要翻译： 当再生氮氧化物储存催化剂时，例如由于发动机过早的负荷变化的结果，再生可能终止，这可导致储存催化剂的不完全排空。 在这种性质的不完全再生之后残留在催化剂中的残余填充量被用作在下一个储存阶段期间计算填充量的起始值。 在不完全再生之后，氮氧化物转化率最初大于预期的，因为残留的填充量。 通过在存储阶段计算填充水平时考虑到提高的转换率，可以进一步提高计算的准确性。
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