摘要:
A channel-cut monochromator has at least two kinds of reflecting surface pairs processed on a common single crystal block. Each reflecting surface pair has a first and a second reflecting surfaces between which X-rays are reflected even-number times. The channel-cut monochromator can be rotated around an axis of rotation perpendicular to a reference plane so as to switch the reflecting surface pair which reflects X-rays. An X-ray beam incident on any reflecting surface pair or its extension line is tangent to a common imaginary circle whose center coincides with the axis of rotation. With this structure, the switchover of the reflecting surface pair is accomplished by only the rotation of the channel-cut monochromator around its axis of rotation, so that various X-ray beams reflected by various Miller indices can be taken out selectively. The channel-cut monochromator may have a direct path through which an X-ray beam passes in no contact with any reflecting surface. The channel-cut monochromator may be made of silicon or germanium single crystal and may have preferably five or more kinds of reflecting surfaces, for example, for {220}, {400}, {422}, {511} and {111} reflection. Further, at least one of reflecting surface pair may have one or two asymmetrical reflecting surfaces.
摘要:
A two-dimensional position-sensitive X-ray detector is used for the precision measurement of lattice constants so that a plurality of X-ray rocking curves can be measured at the same time for the respective points on a sample and an area map, on the sample, of the lattice constants can be obtained in a short time. X-rays from an X-ray source pass through the first slit and are then incident on a crystal collimator. X-rays reflected by the crystal collimator are incident on the sample. X-rays diffracted at the sample are detected by the two-dimensional position-sensitive X-ray detector. The diffracted X-rays from the respective points on the sample are detected separately at respective points on the X-ray detector. X-ray intensities which are detected at respective points on the detecting surface of the X-ray detector are recorded, at the same time, at every rotation angle with a predetermined pitch of angle during sample rotation, so that a plurality of rocking curves for said respective points of the sample can be obtained at the same time.
摘要:
There is disclosed a method for X-ray topography wherein an X-ray topographic image is obtained for an unprocessed single crystal ingot as it is after being produced by Czochralski method to observe crystal dislocations, thereby finding a boundary between a dislocation-appearing area and a dislocation-disappearing area. A scanning stage (34) travels along a direction X to position the observation area of the silicon ingot (22) at the X-ray irradiation site. The silicon ingot (22) is .phi.-rotated on its axis so that the predetermined crystal lattice plane erects vertically. A traveling table (46) travels along a direction Y to align the rotation center (49) of an .omega.-rotation table (48) with the peripheral surface of the ingot (22). The .omega.-rotation and .phi.-rotation are precisely adjusted while observing diffracted X-rays with an X-ray television camera (26). Then, an X-ray recording medium (66) is mounted on the scanning stage (34). X-rays from an X-ray source (24) are incident on the peripheral surface of the ingot (22) and the scanning stage (34) is scanned by a given scanning width while recording diffraction images on the X-ray recording medium (66), thereby obtaining an X-ray topographic image and finding a boundary between a dislocation-appearing area and a dislocation-disappearing area.
摘要:
An illumination optical system comprises a multi-beam generator which includes a plurality of each of two kinds of lens elements different in optical characteristics and which is interposed between a source for generating a collimated light beam and a light condenser. The multi-beam generator generates a large number of secondary light sources from the collimated light beam. The illumination optical system is capable of supplying illuminating light rays having an extremely uniform illumination distribution.
摘要:
A conveyance apparatus includes: a supply unit rotatably supporting a roll member around which a sheet is wound in form of a roll and configured to supply the sheet from the roll member; a motor for rotating the roll member; a roller pair configured to convey the sheet supplied from the supply unit while pinching the sheet; and a control unit configured to set the torque of the motor according to sheet information related to the sheet when taking up the sheet on the roll member by driving the motor while the sheet is pinched by the roller pair being stopped.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a sulfonamide derivative which is useful as an active ingredient of pharmaceutical preparations. The sulfonamide derivatives of the present invention have CCR3 (CC type chemokine receptor) antagonistic activity, and can be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases associated with CCR3 activity, in particular for the treatment of asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and other inflammatory/immunological disorders.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a sulfonamide derivative which is useful as an active ingredient of pharmaceutical preparations. The sulfonamide derivatives of the present invention have CCR3 (CC type chemokine receptor) antagonistic activity, and can be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases associated with CCR3 activity, in particular for the treatment of asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and other inflammatory/immunological disorders.
摘要:
In a camera having a focus detection device which detects a focus state of an object at a plurality of focus detection spots in an imaging area, there are provided an operation portion which selects an arbitrary focus detection spot in the imaging area, and a setting portion which sets the focus detection spot selected by the operation portion as a focus detection spot group. A signal used to set a focus state of the focus detection spot in the thus set group is output by an AF sensor, an arithmetic operation portion detects the focus state of the focus detection spot based on an output from this AF sensor, and a lens drive portion drives a focus optical system to adjust its focus based on a detection result of the focus state obtained by the arithmetic operation portion.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a focus detection device capable of reading a plurality of focus detection outputs in parallel. As an exemplary structure, the focus detection device includes a focus detection sensor having a plurality of output terminals for outputting, in parallel, analog data corresponding to focus states of multiple points in the field of a viewfinder, a multiplexer for arranging and outputting, in chronological order, the analog data output in parallel from the plurality of output terminals of the focus detection sensor, and an A/D converter for converting, to digital data, the analog data arranged in chronological order through and output from the multiplexer.
摘要:
In an inkjet recording apparatus in which a single ink supply path for hermetically sealing an ink tank and a recording head from the atmosphere is formed by connecting the ink tank to first and second hollow needles. When the ink tank is detached, the flow path is sealed in association with mounting and dismounting of the ink tank, thereby leakage of ink to the outside of the apparatus is prevented.