摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes image bearing member for bearing a toner image; charging member contactable to the image bearing member to electrically charge the image bearing member; wherein .delta.V=.vertline.Vdc-Vs.vertline. is different between a first area of the image bearing member which is going to be image area and second area of the image bearing member which is going to be non-image area, where Vdc is a DC component of a voltage applied to the charging member, and Vs is is a potential of the image bearing member charged by the charging member.
摘要:
An object of the invention is to provide herbicides which are completely selective to crops such as paddy rice, soybeans and cotton and have an excellent herbicidal activity on weeds. The invention relates to ether compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 have the same meanings as defined in the text and herbicides containing said compounds as active components.
摘要:
A hydrazide compound represented by the following formula (I), and a silver halide photographic photonsensitive material comprising the hydrazide compound: A--(B).sub.b (I) wherein A represents a heterocyclic group, a condensed polycyclic aromatic group or a group formed by connecting at least two aromatic groups to each other, B represents a group represented by the following formula (I-B) or (II-B), and b represents an integer from 2 to 6; --L.sub.1 --Ar.sub.1 --NHNH--G.sub.1 --R.sub.1 (I-B) --L.sub.3 --Ar.sub.3 --L.sub.2 --Ar.sub.2 --NHNH --G.sub.2 --R.sub.2(II-B) wherein each of G.sub.1 and G.sub.2 represents a carbonyl group, an oxalyl group, a sulfonyl group or a phosphoryl group; each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a blocking group; each of Ar.sub.1, Ar.sub.2 and Ar.sub.3 represents an aromatic group or an aromatic heterocyclic group; and each of L.sub.1, L.sub.2 and L.sub.3 represents a linkage group.
摘要翻译:由下式(I)表示的酰肼化合物和包含酰肼化合物:A-(B)b(I)的卤化银照相光敏材料,其中A表示杂环基,稠合多环芳族基或由 将至少两个芳族基团相互连接,B表示由下式(IB)或(II-B)表示的基团,b表示2〜6的整数; -L1-Ar1-NHNH-G1-R1( IB)-L3-Ar3-L2-Ar2-NHNH -G2-R2(II-B)其中G1和G2各自表示羰基,草酰基,磺酰基或磷酰基; R 1和R 2各自表示氢原子或封端基; Ar 1,Ar 2和Ar 3各自表示芳香族基或芳香族杂环基, L1,L2和L3中的每一个表示连接组。
摘要:
A colored refractory material for lining an instrument/apparatus used at a high temperature is formed by mixing a powder of a raw material containing ceramics with a coloring agent and kneading with a liquid using a binder. The refractory material is put in lining for a portion being in contact with a high temperature molten substance or being exposed to a high temperature atmosphere, and is dried by heating while adjusting a temperature and a heating time on the basis of color change on the surface of the refractory material.
摘要:
The object of the invention is a new isomer mixture of 3-hydroxybutyl monothioglycollate and 3-hydroxy-1-methyl propyl monothioglycollate in a weight proportion of about 1.5:1 to 4:1, preferably about 2:1 to about 3:1, comprising less than 5%, preferably less than 2% by wt., of 1,3-butanediol thioglycollate, and its use as the sole or main reducing agent in compositions for permanent waving of human hair. The compositions have reduced smell, good waving properties and an extremely low sensitizing potential on human skin.
摘要:
A tool clamping mechanism for clamping a tool using a thrust applied by a hydraulic/pneumatic cylinder as an actuator. This thrust is weaker than that of coned disc springs withstanding a force applied during a cutting operation or the like of the tool. Compression of the coned disc springs is reduced so as to assure reliable and stable rotation of the spindle. The clamping mechanism further includes a force increasing mechanism constituted by sloped portions between a first draw bar and a second draw bar which is concentric to the first draw bar, a tapered surface of an annular piece, and a plurality of balls. When the second draw bar retreats, the balls are raised from the groove to a larger diameter portion of the second draw bar, so that an urging force of the coned disc springs acts on the first draw bar, and clamps the tool to the spindle. In order to unclamp the tool, the second draw bar is moved forward so as to put the balls into the groove on the first sleeve, and to interrupt the transmission of the urging force of the coned disc springs to the first draw bar, and to release the tool from the clamping mechanism.
摘要:
Database manipulation, data processing and report output processing are supplied as software parts referred to as methods, respectively. In a procedure, the methods are arrayed in a sequence in which they are to be executed, and input/output files and conditions are defined for the methods, respectively. A control unit executes the methods in accordance with the conditions for thereby executing the procedure.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a latent image forming device for forming on the image bearing member a dot distribution electrostatic latent image in accordance with image signals corresponding to an object image; a developing device for developing the latent image formed on the image bearing member by the latent image forming device, in a developing station and by a developer containing toner and magnetic carrier; wherein the developing device includes a developer carrying member for carrying and conveying the developer to the developing station, and a magnetic field generating device provided within the developer carrying member, for forming a magnetic brush of the developer and contacting the magnetic brush to the image bearing member; and wherein a degree .sigma.d (emu/cm.sup.3) of magnetization of the magnetic carrier by a magnetic field by the magnetic field generating means at a peak of a perpendicular magnetic field on the surface of the developer carrying member satisfies the following:if X
摘要:
A projection exposure method and apparatus are disclosed, which can perform a focusing operation with respect to a partly omitted shot exposed at a peripheral portion of a photosensitive substrate such as a wafer. In the projection exposure method and apparatus, when a prohibition band having a predetermined width is set from the edge of the substrate, and exposure is to be performed with respect to a shot area having a portion located only within the prohibition band and the remaining portion located outside the edge of the substrate, a focus detection point is shifted to the boundary line of the prohibition band on the substrate, and a focusing operation is performed. Thereafter, the focus detection point is moved to an original target shot exposure position to perform exposure.
摘要:
A disc drive includes a cartridge holder formed of a single piece of sheet metal which cooperates with a slide plate which is similarly formed of a single piece of sheet metal. The inclined guide slots formed in side walls of the slide plate are parallel and serve to guide horizontally projecting flange-like guide members of the cartridge holder. A single piece disc shutter control arm is pivotally mounted in the cartridge holder and motivated by the force which moves the disc cartridge into the disc holder in a manner which opens the disc cartridge shutter. The chuck yoke of the turntable is provided with an inertia increasing annular member. A head is mounted on a pivotal head arm which is operatively connected with the cartridge holder in a manner to be pivoted up and down therewith. A head carriage is released and operatively connected with a motor upon the cartridge holder being lowered past the level whereat the disc hub of the disc in the disc cartridge is placed on the chuck yoke and the head is placed on the upper surface of the disc.