摘要:
The present invention includes carbon nanotubes whose hollow cores are 100% filled with conductive filler. The carbon nanotubes are in uniform arrays on a conductive substrate and are well-aligned and can be densely packed. The uniformity of the carbon nanotube arrays is indicated by the uniform length and diameter of the carbon nanotubes, both which vary from nanotube to nanotube on a given array by no more than about 5%. The alignment of the carbon nanotubes is indicated by the perpendicular growth of the nanotubes from the substrates which is achieved in part by the simultaneous growth of the conductive filler within the hollow core of the nanotube and the densely packed growth of the nanotubes. The present invention provides a densely packed carbon nanotube growth where each nanotube is in contact with at least one nearest-neighbor nanotube. The substrate is a conductive substrate coated with a growth catalyst, and the conductive filler can be single crystals of carbide formed by a solid state reaction between the substrate material and the growth catalyst. The present invention further provides a method for making the filled carbon nanotubes on the conductive substrates. The method includes the steps of depositing a growth catalyst onto the conductive substrate as a prepared substrate, creating a vacuum within a vessel which contains the prepared substrate, flowing H2/inert (e.g. Ar) gas within the vessel to increase and maintain the pressure within the vessel, increasing the temperature of the prepared substrate, and changing the H2/Ar gas to ethylene gas such that the ethylene gas flows within the vessel. Additionally, varying the density and separation of the catalyst particles on the conductive substrate can be used to control the diameter of the nanotubes.
摘要:
In one embodiment, the present invention is a method and system for calibrating a wireless network including a Mobile Switching Center (MSC), and a Position Determination Device (PDD). The wireless network is capable of determining the position of a handset. The method includes receiving a trigger from the MSC; sending a position request message to the PDD in response to the received trigger; receiving a position request response message from the PDD; continuously sending subsequent position request messages to the PDD in response to the same received trigger, until a termination command is received; terminating the sending subsequent position request messages, when the termination command is received; and generating output data including network calibration parameters.
摘要:
In one embodiment, a system and method for determining a location of a mobile device are described. A number of different locations for the mobile device is provided using a location determining system. The locations for a number of virtual base stations are determined utilizing the known locations for the mobile device. Then a new location for the mobile device is established based on the determined plurality of locations of the virtual base stations. In one embodiment, a system and method for establishing network references for a first wireless location determining system are described. A plurality of known locations for a mobile device is provided using a second location determining system. Radio signals between the mobile device and base stations of the first wireless location determining system are measured and a plurality of locations for a respective plurality of virtual base stations are determined based on the known locations of the mobile device and the measured radio signals. The determined plurality of locations for the plurality of virtual base stations are then utilized to establish network references for the first wireless location determining system.
摘要:
Optical components may be integrated into planar light circuits. For example, thin film filters may be integrated through trenches in planar light circuits to achieve demultiplexing of at least two multiplexed optical wavelengths. An optical waveguide may be interfaced with a laser or a light detector through a mode converter formed as a trench in the planar light circuit. The mode converter may have a curved surface to achieve mode conversion.
摘要:
The invention discloses a system and method which quantifies the traffic or load on a particular sector of a mobile communication cell site. The traffic quantification or load metric is preferably used to compare the load of each of the cell site's sectors. When the difference between load among the sectors reaches a certain level, the preferred embodiment of the present invention causes the sectorization of the site to change in order to alleviate or equalize the traffic load of the sectors. The system of the present invention continues to monitor the cell site for traffic conditions and for changes in the load responsive to the sectorization changes made in order to dynamically respond to the changing traffic conditions on the cell site.
摘要:
The present application concerns concentrated protein formulations with reduced viscosity, which are particularly suitable for subcutaneous administration. The application further concerns a method for reducing the viscosity of concentrated protein formulations.
摘要:
Provided is a system and method for integrating a cable modem with a host customer premises equipment, such as a computer or set top box. An interface is provided which receives data packets from the cable modem of any manufacturer and transmits the data packet to a media access control layer. The media access control layer determines the destination of the data packet and forwards it to that destination, which may be the cable modem or may be the host computer of the cable modem or any other customer premises equipment networked with the host computer. The interface also receives data packets from the media access control layer and transmits the data packets to the cable modem for transmission upstream. The interface abstracts the control of the cable modem to the media access control layer. The system maintains a protocol stack for the cable modem that is separate from the protocol stack associated with the operating system of the host computer. The cable modem and the host computer are separately addressable by the cable network. Furthermore, the cable modem shares the processor and resources of the host computer.
摘要:
According to the present invention, the previously known functional material having a self-assembled monolayer on a substrate has a plurality of assembly molecules each with an assembly atom with a plurality of bonding sites (four sites when silicon is the assembly molecule) wherein a bonding fraction (or fraction) of fully bonded assembly atoms (the plurality of bonding sites bonded to an oxygen atom) has a maximum when made by liquid solution deposition, for example a maximum of 40% when silicon is the assembly molecule, and maximum surface density of assembly molecules was 5 silanes per square nanometer. Note that bonding fraction and surface population are independent parameters. The method of the present invention is an improvement to the known method for making a siloxane layer on a substrate, wherein instead of a liquid phase solution chemistry, the improvement is a supercritical phase chemistry. The present invention has the advantages of greater fraction of oxygen bonds, greater surface density of assembly molecules and reduced time for reaction of about 5 minutes to about 24 hours.
摘要:
Virtual display layers are associated with each process within a programmable set top box requiring access to a shared front panel display therein. An ordered set of virtual display layers is used to determine the information that is ultimately displayed on the shared display device. The shared display device includes a plurality of selectively controllable light emitting diode (LED) elements located on the front panel of the set top box. These LED elements correspond to data defined in the virtual display layers. The data includes flag data that associates certain properties with an element, mask data that identifies if the element is visible (e.g., opaque) or not visible (e.g., transparent) to the process, and context data that sets the state or status of the element (e.g., ON/OFF). A composite display layer is created using applicable data from the ordered set of virtual display layers. The resulting composite display layer provides the data that defines the information displayed via the display device.
摘要:
Variable thresholds (662, 663) are generated in response to an average defect rate (669, 690) generated under certain conditions (683-687, 696-698), excesses of which can set an internal flag (670). If an information request (720) or service personnel visit to the elevator site (721) occur, the internal flag, or the upward adjustment of the average defect rate (691) can generate a maintenance flag (773) which ultimately results in a maintenance recommendation message related to the particular parameter having a notable defect.