Abstract:
Semiconductor structures for laser devices are provided. The semiconductor structures have a quantum cascade laser structure comprising an electron injector, an active region, and an electron extractor. The active region comprises an injection barrier, a multiquantum well structure, and an exit barrier. The multiquantum well structure can comprise a first barrier, a first quantum well, a second barrier, a second quantum well, and a third barrier. The energies of the first and second barrier are less than the energy of the third barrier. The energy difference between the energy of the second barrier and the energy of the third barrier can be greater than 150 meV and the ratio of the energy of the third barrier to the energy of the second barrier can be greater than 1.26.
Abstract:
Provided is an apparatus for measuring outer diameters of fuel rods of a nuclear fuel assembly, in which the fuel rods are standing upright and are used in a light water reactor. The apparatus includes a support unit fixed to a floor at a lower portion thereof so as to be kept insulated from vibrations caused by external forces, a measuring unit mounted on the support unit and moving up and down to measure the outer diameters of the fuel rods, and a transducer cooperating with the measuring unit, converting the measured outer diameters of the fuel rods into electrical signals, and sending the converted signals to the outside. Thus, the apparatus moves up and down to measure the outer diameters of the fuel rods, so that it can accurately check abnormalities in the outer diameters of the fuel rods.
Abstract:
A high-efficiency light emitting diode including: a semiconductor stack positioned on a support substrate, including a p-type compound semiconductor layer, an active layer, and an n-type compound semiconductor layer; an insulating layer disposed in an opening that divides the p-type compound semiconductor layer and active layer; a transparent electrode layer disposed on the insulating layer and the p-type compound semiconductor layer; a reflective insulating layer covering the transparent electrode layer, to reflect light from the active layer away from the support substrate; a p-electrode covering the reflective insulating layer; and an n-electrode is formed on top of the n-type compound semiconductor layer. The p-electrode is electrically connected to the transparent electrode layer through the insulating layer.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a polymer electrolyte membrane showing high ion conductivity even under the condition of low humidity and high temperature and a method for manufacturing the same. The polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention comprises a porous substrate, a self proton conducting material dispersed in the porous substrate, and an ion conductor impregnated in the porous substrate. The self proton conducting material comprises an inorganic particle functionalized with an azole ring.
Abstract:
A preferential oxidation reactor for removing carbon monoxide in a hydrogen mixture gas is disclosed. The preferential oxidation reactor may include a housing having a catalytic layer provided therein, a mixture gas supply portion inserted into the interior of the housing and penetrating the catalytic layer, a condensate receiving portion contained within the housing and in fluid communication with a gas outlet port of the mixture gas supply portion and condensate control tubes arranged in the catalytic layer of the housing and in fluid communication with the condensate receiving portion. The condensate control tubes may have a capillary structure. A fuel cell system including the preferential oxidation reactor is also disclosed.
Abstract:
To demodulate a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal, a reception point is determined corresponding to a symbol in the QAM signal that is received where the symbol is mapped to one reference point of a plurality of reference points in a rotated constellation and the plurality of reference points are represented by an in-phase (I) coordinate and a quadrature-phase (Q) coordinate. A plurality of candidate points corresponding to a portion of the plurality of reference points are selected based on distances between the reception point and the respective reference points. The reception point is demapped by calculating a plurality of log-likelihood ratios based on the plurality of candidate points, the plurality of log-likelihood ratios corresponding to bits of data represented by the reception point.
Abstract:
A catalytic combustor and a fuel reformer having the same. The catalytic combustor includes a housing having a cylindrical reaction portion and a second reaction portion surrounding the first reaction portion in a double tube shape. The housing has a first opening for supplying a first fuel and an oxidant to the first reaction portion and a second opening through which an exhaust in the second reaction portion is discharged. The first and second openings are disposed at first sides of the first and second reaction portions, respectively. The first and second reaction portions are connected with each other so that the fluid is communicated with the first and second reaction portions at second sides of the first and second reaction portions. A catalyst is disposed in the first reaction portion, and a mesh layer is inserted into the second reaction portion.
Abstract:
Provided is a cable-type secondary battery including an electrode assembly having a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape and extending longitudinally, and a wire-type outer current collector wound on the outer surface of the electrode assembly, the electrode assembly including an inner current collector, an anode active material layer, and an electrolyte layer, and a cathode active material layer; the wire-type outer current collector has excellent flexibility and a predetermined level of elasticity, and thus, improves the flexibility of the entire cable-type secondary battery and prevents a short circuit from occurring and the active material from falling off from the active material layer, due to the deformation of the cable-type secondary battery.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates and including liquid crystal molecules; a gate line which transmits a gate signal; first and second data lines which respectively transmit first and second data voltages, the first and second data voltages having opposite polarities; a first switching element connected to the gate line and the first data line; a second switching element connected to the gate line and the second data line; a first subpixel electrode connected to the first switching element; and a second subpixel electrode connected to the second switching element. The first and second subpixel electrodes overlap portions of the first and second data lines. The first and second subpixel electrodes include first and second branches, respectively, which are alternately arranged between the first and second data lines.
Abstract:
In a thin film transistor, first and second thin film transistors are connected to an Nth gate line and an Mth data line, and first and second sub pixel electrodes are connected to the first and second thin film transistors, respectively. A third thin film transistor includes a gate electrode connected to an (N+1)th gate line, a semiconductor layer overlapping with the gate electrode, a source electrode connected to the second sub pixel electrode and partially overlapping with the gate electrode, and a drain electrode facing the source electrode. A first auxiliary electrode is connected to the drain electrode and arranged on the same layer as the first and second sub pixel electrodes. An opposite electrode is arranged on the same layer as the gate line and at least partially overlaps with the first auxiliary electrode with at least one insulating layer disposed therebetween.