Abstract:
Example computer-implemented methods, computer-readable media, and computer systems are described for providing communication protocol architecture or framework for magnetic induction (MI)-based communications in wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs), for example, in underground oil reservoirs. In some aspects, environment information of an underground region that affects the transmission qualities of MI communications is evaluated. A protocol stack is identified. The protocol stack includes a number of layers for MI communications among a number of sensors in a WUSN in the underground region. A cross-layer framework and the distributed protocol are built to jointly optimize communication functionalities of the plurality of layers based on the evaluation.
Abstract:
A novel electronic device is reported containing a host comprising an inorganic material with a band gap of less than 4 eV. The use of an inorganic material is advantageous due to its desirable physical properties, including increased stability and charge mobility.
Abstract:
A power tracking device and a power tracking method is disclosed herein. The power tracking device includes a power voltage setting circuit, a switch, a switching signal circuit, and a voltage memory circuit. The switching signal circuit is configured for sending a first control signal to the switch. When the switch receives the first control signal and electrically isolates the power source and the power voltage setting circuit, the voltage memory circuit stores an open circuit voltage of the power source and sends a setting voltage relative to the open circuit voltage, and when the switch receives the first control signal and electrically connects the power source and the power voltage setting circuit, the power voltage setting circuit sets an output voltage of the power source to correspond with the setting voltage.
Abstract:
A driving assistant method for an electric vehicle is provided with the following steps. When the electric vehicle is started up, a battery energy safe driving region is calculated and displayed. The battery energy safe driving region is updated dynamically according to vehicle information. The vehicle information includes battery information of the electric vehicle.
Abstract:
A separable mobile communication device and method are disclosed, including a carrier body, a first wireless receiving/transmitting device arranged in the carrier body, a separable device selectively mountable to the carrier body, and a second wireless receiving/transmitting device arranged in the separable device. The carrier body and the separable device are operable individually. The carrier body further includes a wireless communication module. To use, the separable device is separable from the carrier body for independent use and wireless information transmission may be achieved through the second wireless receiving/transmitting device and the first wireless receiving/transmitting device, so that information of the separable device and the carrier body can synchronized. The separable device is allowed to perform communication and network connection through the wireless communication module so as to allow for reduction of power consumption of the separable device.
Abstract:
A process control method is provided for ion implantation methods and apparatuses, to produce a high dosage area on a substrate such as may compensate for noted non-uniformities. In an ion implantation tool, separately controllable electrodes are provided as multiple sets of opposed electrodes disposed outside an ion beam. Beam blockers are positionable into the ion beam. Both the electrodes and beam blockers are controllable to reduce the area of the ion beam that is incident upon a substrate. The electrodes and beam blockers also change the position of the reduced-area ion beam incident upon the surface. The speed at which the substrate scans past the ion beam may be dynamically changed during the implantation process to produce various dosage concentrations in the substrate.
Abstract:
A method and system for integrated circuit fabrication is disclosed. In an example, the method includes determining a first process parameter of a wafer and a second process parameter of the wafer, the first process parameter and the second process parameter corresponding to different wafer characteristics; determining a variation of a device parameter of the wafer based on the first process parameter and the second process parameter; constructing a model for the device parameter as a function of the first process parameter and the second process parameter based on the determined variation of the device parameter of the wafer; and performing a fabrication process based on the model.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a device for preparation of liposomes, comprises a reaction tank and an infusion unit. The reaction tank comprises a collector mounted in a predetermined position of the reaction tank; Two inlet ports are included: the first inlet port for infusing an aqueous solution; and the second inlet port for infusing an organic solution. The infusion unit can introduce a bioactive agent containing-aqueous solution into the reaction tank. The infusion unit comprises a filter connected to one end of the infusion unit and being adjacent to the collector. The method using the device comprises the steps of infusing an aqueous solution and an organic solution into the reaction tank of the device and thus forming an interface between the filter and the collector; infusing a bioactive agent containing-aqueous solution and being filtered by the filter, the bioactive agent is encapsulated to form a water-in-oil emulsion; the water-in-oil emulsion is passing through the aqueous solution and thus to form a water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion. Finally the removal of the organic phase of water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion enables the harvest a plurality of liposomes. It has advantages such that simple-used and automation production. Thus nano size or sub-micro size liposomes can be prepared with high encapsulation efficiency without sonicators or delicate microfluidic systems.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides for various advantageous methods and apparatus of controlling electron emission. One of the broader forms of the present disclosure involves an electron emission element, comprising an electron emitter including an electron emission region disposed between a gate electrode and a cathode electrode. An anode is disposed above the electron emission region, and a voltage set is disposed above the anode. A first voltage applied between the gate electrode and the cathode electrode controls a quantity of electrons generated from the electron emission region. A second voltage applied to the anode extracts generated electrons. A third voltage applied to the voltage set controls a direction of electrons extracted through the anode.
Abstract:
Fluid flow control members for use with valves are described herein. An example fluid flow control member for use with a valve includes a body having a seat to control a fluid flow through the valve. The body defines a seating surface, an aperture to receive a stem of the valve and a plurality of substantially flat surfaces to enable gripping an exterior surface of the body.