公开(公告)号：US3968269A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-06

申请号：US583361

申请日：1975-06-04

Applicant: Bernard M. Payne ,  John R. Cloute ,  Edward A. Johnson ,  Arthur V. Brown, Jr. ,  Edward V. Oborsh

Inventor： Bernard M. Payne ,  John R. Cloute ,  Edward A. Johnson ,  Arthur V. Brown, Jr. ,  Edward V. Oborsh

IPC: A23J3/26 ,  A23L1/00 ,  A23J3/00 ,  A23L1/20 ,  A23L1/31 ,  A23L1/325

CPC classification number: A23J3/26 ,  A23P30/34 ,  Y10S426/802

Abstract: A novel protein food product having a porous expanded structure with the texture and organoleptic properties of meat, is produced by a process which comprises: forming a mixture of a vegetable protein containing material and a meat source in an amount of between about 5 to 80% by weight, said mixture having a protein content on a dry basis of at least about 25% by weight, followed by extrusion of said mixture to form a porous expanded food product. The extrusion of a meat source and vegetable protein material provides a product having the economic and functional advantages of a simulated meat piece derived solely from a vegetable protein containing material, with the palatability of a real piece of meat because of the use of a meat source in the product.

Abstract translation: 一种具有多孔膨胀结构，具有肉质感和感官特性的新型蛋白质食品通过一种方法生产，该方法包括：将含植物蛋白的物质和肉源的混合物形成约5-80％ ，所述混合物的蛋白质含量基于干重至少约25重量％，随后挤出所述混合物以形成多孔膨胀食品。 肉源和植物蛋白质材料的挤出提供了具有仅来自含植物蛋白质的材料的模拟肉片的经济和功能优点的产品，具有使用肉源的真实肉肉的适口性 在产品中。

公开(公告)号：US20090236614A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-24

申请号：US12389239

申请日：2009-02-19

Applicant: Irina PUSCASU ,  Martin U. Pralle ,  James T. Daly ,  Mark P. McNeal ,  Edward A. Johnson

Inventor： Irina PUSCASU ,  Martin U. Pralle ,  James T. Daly ,  Mark P. McNeal ,  Edward A. Johnson

IPC: H01L31/12

CPC classification number: G01N21/255 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  H01L31/101

Abstract: An infrared emitter, which utilizes a photonic crystal (PC) structure to produce electromagnetic emissions with a narrow hand of wavelengths, includes a semiconductor material layer, a dielectric material layer overlaying the semiconductor material layer, and a metallic material layer having an inner side overlaying the dielectric material layer. The semiconductor material layer is capable of being coupled to an energy source for introducing energy to the semiconductor material layer. An array of surface features are defined in the device in a periodic manner or quasi-periodic. The emitter device is adapted to emit electromagnetic energy having spectral characteristics determined by parameters of the periodically distributed surface features, the parameters including shape, size, depth, distribution geometry, periodicity, material properties and defects.

Abstract translation: 使用光子晶体（PC）结构来产生具有窄波长的手的电磁发射的红外发射器包括半导体材料层，覆盖半导体材料层的介电材料层和具有内侧覆盖层的金属材料层 介电材料层。 半导体材料层能够耦合到能量源以将能量引入到半导体材料层。 表面特征的阵列以周期性或准周期性方式在器件中定义。 发射器件适于发射具有通过周期性分布的表面特征的参数确定的光谱特性的电磁能，参数包括形状，尺寸，深度，分布几何形状，周期性，材料性质和缺陷。

公开(公告)号：US06528792B2

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US10123274

申请日：2002-04-16

Applicant: Edward A. Johnson ,  William Andrew Bodkin

Inventor： Edward A. Johnson ,  William Andrew Bodkin

IPC: G01J502

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/0809 ,  G01J5/0815 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J5/24

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a gas having distinct infrared radiation absorption characteristics. The apparatus includes a spectral source/bolometer for conducting an electrical current and for producing an infrared radiation. The source/bolometer is disposed along an axis and has a temperature and a characteristic resistance, and the characteristic resistance is a predetermined function of the temperature. A return reflector is disposed along the axis beyond the gas such that at least a portion of the infrared radiation passing through the gas is reflected back through the gas to the source/bolometer. The apparatus also includes a driver/detector for driving a current through the source/bolometer, for determining the characteristic resistance, and for detecting the gas from a variation of the characteristic resistance.

公开(公告)号：US06303934B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-16

申请号：US09058488

申请日：1998-04-10

Applicant: James T. Daly ,  Andrew Bodkin ,  Michael J. Groden ,  Edward A. Johnson

Inventor： James T. Daly ,  Andrew Bodkin ,  Michael J. Groden ,  Edward A. Johnson

IPC: G01N2100

CPC classification number: G02B17/086 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/024 ,  G01J3/0259 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G02B6/29328

Abstract: A spectrometer system comprises (i) a slab waveguide characterized as an index of refraction higher than a surrounding medium, and having front surface and a rear surface opposite thereto, the front surface including a input portion for accepting optical radiation, a diffractor portion and an exit portion, (ii) a diffraction grating disposed on said diffractor portion of said front surface, (iii) a detector array aligned adjacent to the exit portion, and (iv) a mirror coated on the rear surface of the waveguide. Radiation transmitted within the waveguide from the input portion is reflected and collimated by the mirror to the granting. Light diffracted from the grating is dispersed to the mirror and reflected toward and through the exit portion and onto the array.

Abstract translation: 光谱仪系统包括（i）平板波导，其特征在于折射率高于周围介质，并且具有与其相对的前表面和后表面，所述前表面包括用于接收光辐射的输入部分，衍射部分和 出口部分，（ii）设置在所述前表面的所述衍射器部分上的衍射光栅，（iii）邻近出口部分排列的检测器阵列，以及（iv）涂覆在波导的后表面上的反射镜。 在波导内从输入部分发射的辐射被镜子反射并准直到授权。 从光栅衍射的光分散到反射镜并朝向并穿过出射部分并且反射到阵列上。

公开(公告)号：US5838016A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-17

申请号：US905599

申请日：1997-08-04

Applicant: Edward A. Johnson

Inventor： Edward A. Johnson

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  H05B3/26

CPC classification number: G01J3/108 ,  H05B2203/003

Abstract: An improved IR radiation source is provided by the invention. A radiation filament has a textured surface produced by seeded ion bombardment of a metal foil which is cut to a serpentine shape and mounted in a windowed housing. Specific ion bombardment texturing techniques tune the surface to maximize emissions in the desired wavelength range and to limit emissions outside that narrow range, particularly at longer wavelengths. A combination of filament surface texture, thickness, material, shape and power circuit feedback control produce wavelength controlled and efficient radiation at much lower power requirements than devices of the prior art.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供改进的红外辐射源。 辐射丝具有通过金属箔的接种离子轰击产生的纹理表面，金属箔被切割成蛇形形状并且安装在窗户壳体中。 特定的离子轰击纹理技术调谐表面以使期望波长范围内的发射最大化并限制在窄范围之外的发射，特别是在较长波长下。 长丝表面纹理，厚度，材料，形状和功率电路反馈控制的组合产生比现有技术的器件低得多的功率要求的波长控制和有效的辐射。

公开(公告)号：US08643532B1

公开(公告)日：2014-02-04

申请号：US12710138

申请日：2010-02-22

Applicant: Irina Puscasu ,  Edward A. Johnson

Inventor： Irina Puscasu ,  Edward A. Johnson

IPC: H01Q17/00 ,  H01Q15/14 ,  H04K3/00 ,  G01S7/02 ,  G01S13/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/174 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G02F1/19 ,  G02F2201/083 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  G02F2202/10 ,  G02F2202/32 ,  G02F2203/055 ,  G02F2203/10 ,  G02F2203/11 ,  G02F2203/48 ,  H01Q15/006 ,  H01Q15/0066

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing a tunable absorption-emission band in a wavelength selective device are disclosed. A device for selectively absorbing incident electromagnetic radiation includes an electrically conductive surface layer including an arrangement of multiple surface elements. The surface layer is disposed at a nonzero height above a continuous electrically conductive layer. An electrically isolating intermediate layer defines a first surface that is in communication with the electrically conductive surface layer. The continuous electrically conductive backing layer is provided in communication with a second surface of the electrically isolating intermediate layer. When combined with an infrared source, the wavelength selective device emits infrared radiation in at least one narrow band determined by a resonance of the device. In some embodiments, the device includes a control feature that allows the resonance to be selectively modified. The device has broad applications including gas detection devices and infrared imaging.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于在波长选择装置中提供可调吸收发射带的方法和装置。 用于选择性地吸收入射电磁辐射的装置包括包括多个表面元件的布置的导电表面层。 表层设置在连续导电层上方的非零高度处。 电隔离中间层限定与导电表面层连通的第一表面。 连续导电背衬层设置成与电绝缘中间层的第二表面连通。 当与红外源组合时，波长选择装置在由装置的谐振确定的至少一个窄带中发射红外辐射。 在一些实施例中，该装置包括允许选择性地修改共振的控制特征。 该装置具有广泛的应用，包括气体检测装置和红外成像。

公开(公告)号：US07498574B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-03

申请号：US11177847

申请日：2005-07-08

Applicant: Irina Puscasu ,  Martin U. Pralle ,  James T. Daly ,  Mark P. McNeal ,  Edward A. Johnson

Inventor： Irina Puscasu ,  Martin U. Pralle ,  James T. Daly ,  Mark P. McNeal ,  Edward A. Johnson

IPC: G01J1/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/255 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  H01L31/101

Abstract: An infrared emitter, which utilizes a photonic crystal (PC) structure to produce electromagnetic emissions with a narrow band of wavelengths, includes a semiconductor material layer, a dielectric material layer overlaying the semiconductor material layer, and a metallic material layer having an inner side overlaying the dielectric material layer. The semiconductor material layer is capable of being coupled to an energy source for introducing energy to the semiconductor material layer. An array of surface features are defined in the device in a periodic manner or quasi-periodic. The emitter device is adapted to emit electromagnetic energy having spectral characteristics determined by parameters of the periodically distributed surface features, the parameters including shape, size, depth, distribution geometry, periodicity, material properties and defects.

Abstract translation: 利用光子晶体（PC）结构产生具有窄波长带的电磁发射的红外发射器包括半导体材料层，覆盖半导体材料层的介电材料层和具有内侧覆盖层的金属材料层 介电材料层。 半导体材料层能够耦合到能量源以将能量引入到半导体材料层。 表面特征的阵列以周期性或准周期性方式在器件中定义。 发射器件适于发射具有通过周期性分布的表面特征的参数确定的光谱特性的电磁能，参数包括形状，尺寸，深度，分布几何形状，周期性，材料性质和缺陷。

公开(公告)号：US07215428B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-08

申请号：US11101913

申请日：2005-04-08

Applicant: Mark P. McNeal ,  Peter G. Loges ,  Irina Puscasu ,  James T. Daly ,  Edward A. Johnson

Inventor： Mark P. McNeal ,  Peter G. Loges ,  Irina Puscasu ,  James T. Daly ,  Edward A. Johnson

IPC: G01N21/61

CPC classification number: G01N21/031 ,  G01N21/3504

Abstract: An absorption spectroscopy apparatus including a sample cell having a central axis, and a side wall coaxially positioned about the axis. The side wall defines a generally circular cross-section of the cell as taken along a plane extending perpendicular to the axis, wherein the generally circular cross-section of the sample cell has an average radius. The side wall includes a plurality of light reflective segments arrayed about the axis, wherein each reflective segment has a cross-section taken along a plane extending perpendicular to the axis of the cell that is concave with respect to the axis. The concave cross-section of each segment has an average radius that is unequal to the average radius of the generally circular cross-section of the sample cell. Among other aspects and advantages, the apparatus of the present disclosure is able to use incoherent, non-collimated light sources while maintaining high optical throughput efficiencies.

Abstract translation: 一种吸收光谱仪，包括具有中心轴的样品池和围绕轴线同轴定位的侧壁。 侧壁限定了沿着垂直于轴线延伸的平面截取的电池的大致圆形横截面，其中样品池的大致圆形横截面具有平均半径。 所述侧壁包括围绕所述轴线排列的多个光反射段，其中每个反射段具有垂直于所述单元轴线延伸的平面截取的横截面，该平面相对于所述轴线是凹的。 每个段的凹截面的平均半径不等于样品池的大致圆形横截面的平均半径。 除了其它方面和优点之外，本公开的装置能够使用非相干的非准直光源，同时保持高的光通量效率。

公开(公告)号：US07213477B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-08

申请号：US11032947

申请日：2005-01-11

Applicant: Edward A. Johnson

Inventor： Edward A. Johnson

IPC: G01N17/00 ,  G01K17/00

CPC classification number: G01N25/72

Abstract: An apparatus (10) tests different products (15). The apparatus (10) includes an environmental chamber (20) for providing thermal shock to the products (15), a conveyor (40) for transporting the products (15) through the environmental chamber (20), a fixture (100) movable with the products (15) through the environmental chamber (15), and an interface (300) removably mounted on the fixture (100). The fixture (100) has a means (60, 80) for electric stimulation and monitoring of the products (15) during transport of the products (15) through the environmental chamber (20). The interface (300) is constructed to test one of the different products. The interface (300) provides a mechanical and electrical connection between the fixture (100) and the product being tested. The interface (300) is tailored for stimulating and monitoring the product being tested.

Abstract translation: 设备（10）测试不同的产品（15）。 该设备（10）包括用于向产品（15）提供热冲击的环境室（20），用于通过环境室（20）输送产品（15）的输送机（40），可以与 通过环境室（15）的产品（15）和可移除地安装在固定装置（100）上的界面（300）。 固定装置（100）具有用于在通过环境室（20）输送产品（15）期间电刺激和监测产品（15）的装置（60,80）。 构造接口（300）以测试不同产品之一。 接口（300）提供固定装置（100）和待测试产品之间的机械和电连接。 该界面（300）被定制成用于刺激和监视正在测试的产品。

公开(公告)号：US06379075B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09484341

申请日：2000-01-18

Applicant: Wayne A. Shamblin ,  Edward A. Johnson ,  Richard L. Campbell

Inventor： Wayne A. Shamblin ,  Edward A. Johnson ,  Richard L. Campbell

IPC: E02F336

CPC classification number: E02F3/3613 ,  E02F3/3618 ,  E02F3/3663 ,  Y10T403/58 ,  Y10T403/591

Abstract: A specially designed quick coupler is representatively used to removably attach an excavation bucket to the outer boom end of an excavator. A top portion of the quick coupler is pinned to the outer boom end and has a bottom portion with spaced apart recesses configured to releasably receive portions of stick and curl pins on the bucket. An arcuate latch hook is translationally drivable by a hydraulic cylinder assembly toward one of the implement pins to releasably lock it in its associated coupler recess in a manner also captively retaining the other implement pin in its associated coupler recess. Stop structures oppose the latch hook and, using a simple shim arrangement, may be translationally shifted toward and away therefrom to easily adjust the coupler for wear and/or changes in the implement pin spacing. A redundant safety system is incorporated in the coupler and serves to hold the latch hook in its locking position. The safety system includes hydraulic and mechanical locking mechanisms and a spring structure resiliently biasing the latch hook toward its locking position.

Abstract translation: 特别设计的快速连接器代表性地用于将挖掘铲斗可拆卸地附接到挖掘机的外臂上。 快速联接器的顶部被固定到外部悬臂端部，并且具有底部，其具有间隔开的凹部，该凹部被构造成可释放地容纳铲斗上的棒和卷曲销的部分。 弓形闩钩通过液压缸组件朝向其中一个工具销销可平移地驱动，以可拆卸地将其锁定在相关联的联接器凹部中，同时将另一个工具销保持在相关联的联接器凹部中。 止动结构与闩钩相对，并且使用简单的垫片布置可以平移地朝向和远离其移动以容易地调节联接器以磨损和/或器具销间隙的变化。 一个冗余的安全系统被结合在联接器中并且用于将锁钩保持在其锁定位置。 安全系统包括液压和机械锁定机构以及弹簧结构，弹性地将闩锁钩向其锁定位置偏置。