公开(公告)号：US4668865A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-26

申请号：US836274

申请日：1986-03-05

Applicant: James K. Gimzewski ,  Wolfgang D. Pohl

Inventor： James K. Gimzewski ,  Wolfgang D. Pohl

IPC: H01J37/28 ,  B81B3/00 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G01N27/00 ,  G01Q10/04 ,  G01Q30/04 ,  G01Q30/18 ,  G01Q30/20 ,  G01Q60/10 ,  G01Q60/16 ,  G01Q70/02 ,  G01Q70/06 ,  G01Q70/18 ,  H01J37/20 ,  H04R19/00 ,  G12B1/00

CPC classification number: H01J37/20 ,  B82Y35/00 ,  G01Q10/04 ,  G01Q60/16 ,  G01Q70/02 ,  Y10S977/861 ,  Y10S977/872

Abstract: An improved scanning tunneling microscope comprising a semiconductor chip into which slots are etched to form a central portion linked by a first pair of stripes to an intermediate portion, which in turn is linked by a second pair of stripes to the main body of the chip. The pairs of stripes have mutually orthogonal directions to allow the center portion to perform movements in the x- and y-directions under the control of electrostatic forces created between the stripes and their opposite walls. The center portion has formed into it at least one tongue carrying an integrated, protruding tunnel tip which is capable of being moved in the z-direction by means of electrostatic forces between said tongue and the bottom of a cavity below the tongue.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的扫描隧道显微镜，包括半导体芯片，槽被蚀刻到其中以形成通过第一对条带连接到中间部分的中心部分，中间部分又由第二对条纹连接到芯片的主体。 这对条纹具有相互正交的方向，以允许中心部分在条纹和其相对的壁之间产生的静电力的控制下在x和y方向上执行移动。 中心部分已经形成有至少一个舌片，其携带一体的突出的通道尖端，其能够通过所述舌部和舌下方的空腔的底部之间的静电力在z方向上移动。

公开(公告)号：US08652798B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-18

申请号：US12993826

申请日：2008-12-01

Applicant: James K. Gimzewski ,  Sarah E. Cross ,  Yusheng Jin ,  Jianyu Rao

Inventor： James K. Gimzewski ,  Sarah E. Cross ,  Yusheng Jin ,  Jianyu Rao

IPC: C12Q1/02 ,  B82B3/00

CPC classification number: G01Q30/025 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  B82Y35/00 ,  G01Q20/00 ,  G01Q30/14 ,  G01Q60/366 ,  Y10S977/92

Abstract: Described herein is the analysis of nanomechanical characteristics of cells. In particular, changes in certain local nanomechanical characteristics of ex vivo human cells can correlate with presence of a human disease, such as cancer, as well as a particular stage of progression of the disease. Also, for human patients that are administered with a therapeutic agent, changes in local nanomechanical characteristics of ex vivo cells collected from the patients can correlate with effectiveness of the therapeutic agent in terms of impeding or reversing progression of the disease. By exploiting this correlation, systems and related methods can be advantageously implemented for disease state detection and therapeutic agent selection and monitoring.

Abstract translation: 这里描述的是细胞的纳米机械特性的分析。 特别地，离体人细胞的某些局部纳米机械特征的变化可以与人类疾病如癌症的存在以及疾病进展的特定阶段相关联。 此外，对于施用治疗剂的人类患者，从患者收集的离体细胞的局部纳米机械特征的变化可以与治疗剂在阻碍或逆转疾病进展方面的有效性相关。 通过利用这种相关性，系统和相关方法可以有利地实现用于疾病状态检测和治疗剂选择和监测。

公开(公告)号：US08524488B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-03

申请号：US11077266

申请日：2005-03-09

Applicant: James K. Gimzewski ,  Andrew E. Pelling

Inventor： James K. Gimzewski ,  Andrew E. Pelling

IPC: C12M1/34

CPC classification number: G01N33/5088 ,  G01N33/5008 ,  G01N33/502 ,  G01N33/5076 ,  G01N33/5091 ,  G01Q20/02 ,  G01Q60/24 ,  Y02A90/26

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of determining a characteristic of a cell, such as cell type, cellular response to a biochemical event, and biological state. The method generally involves detecting membrane movement in a cell to determine a characteristic of a cell. The methods of the invention are useful for applications such as drug screening and diagnostics. The invention further provides databases of cell characteristics, as determined by the instant methods. The invention further provides systems for determining the characteristic of a cell.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了确定细胞特征的方法，例如细胞类型，对生物化学事件的细胞反应和生物学状态。 该方法通常涉及检测细胞中的膜运动以确定细胞的特征。 本发明的方法对于诸如药物筛选和诊断的应用是有用的。 本发明还提供了通过本方法确定的小区特征的数据库。 本发明还提供用于确定电池特性的系统。

公开(公告)号：US08501092B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-06

申请号：US10589430

申请日：2005-04-14

Applicant: James K. Gimzewski

Inventor： James K. Gimzewski

IPC: G01N33/00

CPC classification number: G01N25/20 ,  G01K1/16 ,  G01K17/00

Abstract: The present invention provides a calorimeter device, generally comprising a reaction vessel which may be U-shaped and which may be cantilevered; and a sensor for detecting temperature changes. In various embodiments, the sensor detects heat input into or output from the reaction vessel; changes in the electrical properties of a material coated onto the reaction vessel; changes in the mechanical properties of the reaction vessel; or changes in the resonance properties of the reaction vessel. The present invention further provides arrays of a subject calorimeter device. The present invention further provides a system for detecting a temperature change. The present invention further provides methods of detecting a temperature change that occurs as a result of a chemical, biochemical, biological, light-induced, or physical process. The methods generally involve introducing a sample into a subject device, and detecting a temperature change.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种热量计装置，其通常包括可以是U形并且可以悬臂的反应容器; 以及用于检测温度变化的传感器。 在各种实施例中，传感器检测进入或从反应容器输出的热量; 涂覆在反应容器上的材料的电性能的变化; 反应容器机械性能的变化; 或反应容器的共振特性的变化。 本发明还提供一种主题量热仪装置的阵列。 本发明还提供一种用于检测温度变化的系统。 本发明还提供了检测作为化学，生物化学，生物学，光诱导或物理过程的结果而发生的温度变化的方法。 所述方法通常涉及将样品引入到本体装置中并检测温度变化。

公开(公告)号：US4831614A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-16

申请号：US25432

申请日：1987-03-13

Applicant: Urs T. Duerig ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Wolfgang D. Pohl

Inventor： Urs T. Duerig ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Wolfgang D. Pohl

IPC: G01B7/34 ,  G01B21/30 ,  G01Q20/04 ,  G01Q80/00 ,  G11B9/00 ,  G11B9/08 ,  G11B9/14 ,  G11B17/34 ,  G11B19/20 ,  G11B21/00 ,  G11B25/04

CPC classification number: G11B21/00 ,  G11B17/34 ,  G11B19/20 ,  G11B25/043 ,  G11B9/08 ,  G11B9/14 ,  G11B9/1436 ,  G11B9/1472 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G01Q80/00 ,  Y10S977/947

Abstract: The storage unit comprises an array of tunnel tips (13) arranged at tunneling distance from a recording surface (2a) of a storage medium (2) which is capable of permitting digital information to be written or read through variations of the tunneling current. The storage medium (2) is attached to the free end of a piezoceramic bendable tube (3). In operation, the free end of the tube (3) is moved in a circular orbit by repetitive sequential energization of oppositely arranged pairs of 90.degree. phase shifted electrodes (4,6 and 5,7). This tube movement causes each tunnel tip (13) to scan a respective unique associated annular area of the storage medium (2). To address a particular concentric track in a particular annular area, tunneling current is applied to the associated tip (13) via respective electrodes (16,18) while, concurrently, a potential is applied via electrodes (4,6 and 5,7) to tube (3) of a magnitude corresponding to the desired orbital diameter for the tube.

Abstract translation: 存储单元包括布置在距离存储介质（2）的记录表面（2a）的隧道距离处的隧道尖端（13）的阵列，其能够允许通过隧道电流的变化来写入或读取数字信息。 存储介质（2）附接到压电陶瓷可弯曲管（3）的自由端。 在操作中，管（3）的自由端通过相对布置的90度相移电极对（4,6和5,7）的重复连续激励而在圆形轨道中移动。 该管移动使得每个隧道尖端（13）扫描存储介质（2）的相应独特的相关联的环形区域。 为了寻址特定环形区域中的特定同心轨道，通过相应电极（16,18）将隧穿电流施加到相关联的尖端（13），同时通过电极（4,6和5,7）施加电位， 到管（3），其大小对应于管的期望的轨道直径。

公开(公告)号：US20110070604A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-24

申请号：US12993826

申请日：2008-12-01

Applicant: James K. Gimzewski ,  Sarah E. Cross ,  Yusheng Jin ,  Jianyu Rao

Inventor： James K. Gimzewski ,  Sarah E. Cross ,  Yusheng Jin ,  Jianyu Rao

IPC: C12Q1/02 ,  C12M1/34 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  B82Y5/00

CPC classification number: G01Q30/025 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  B82Y35/00 ,  G01Q20/00 ,  G01Q30/14 ,  G01Q60/366 ,  Y10S977/92

Abstract: Described herein is the analysis of nanomechanical characteristics of cells. In particular, changes in certain local nanomechanical characteristics of ex vivo human cells can correlate with presence of a human disease, such as cancer, as well as a particular stage of progression of the disease. Also, for human patients that are administered with a therapeutic agent, changes in local nanomechanical characteristics of ex vivo cells collected from the patients can correlate with effectiveness of the therapeutic agent in terms of impeding or reversing progression of the disease. By exploiting this correlation, systems and related methods can be advantageously implemented for disease state detection and therapeutic agent selection and monitoring.

Abstract translation: 这里描述的是细胞的纳米机械特性的分析。 特别地，离体人细胞的某些局部纳米机械特征的变化可以与人类疾病如癌症的存在以及疾病进展的特定阶段相关联。 此外，对于施用治疗剂的人类患者，从患者收集的离体细胞的局部纳米机械特征的变化可以与治疗剂在阻碍或逆转疾病进展方面的有效性相关。 通过利用这种相关性，系统和相关方法可以有利地实现用于疾病状态检测和治疗剂选择和监测。

公开(公告)号：US07741615B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-22

申请号：US11596586

申请日：2005-04-22

Applicant: Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

Inventor： Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

IPC: H01J27/00

CPC classification number: H01J27/02 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: Ferroelectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric crystals are used to generate spatially localized high energy (up to and exceeding 100 keV) electron and ion beams, which may be used in a wide variety of applications including pulsed neutron generation, therapeutic X-ray/electron devices, elemental analysis, local scanning chemical analysis, high energy scanning microscopy, point source compact transmission electron microscopy, compact ion beam sources, positron sources, micro-thrusters for ion engines, and improved fusion efficiency especially of the Farnsworth type. The high-energy emission can be created by simply heating the material or by application of external coercive electromagnetic and acoustic fields.

Abstract translation: 铁电，热电和压电晶体用于产生空间局部的高能（高达和超过100keV）的电子和离子束，其可用于各种应用，包括脉冲中子生成，治疗性X射线/电子器件， 元素分析，局部扫描化学分析，高能扫描显微镜，点源紧凑型透射电子显微镜，紧凑型离子束源，正电子源，离子发动机的微推进器，以及特别是Farnsworth型的融合效率的提高。 可以通过简单地加热材料或通过施加外部矫顽电磁场和声场来产生高能量发射。

公开(公告)号：US20080251735A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-16

申请号：US11596586

申请日：2005-04-22

Applicant: Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

Inventor： Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

IPC: H01J27/02 ,  H01J29/46

CPC classification number: H01J27/02 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: Ferroelectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric crystals are used to generate spatially localized high energy (up to and exceeding 100 keV) electron and ion beams, which may be used in a wide variety of applications including pulsed neutron generation, therapeutic X-ray/electron devices, elemental analysis, local scanning chemical analysis, high energy scanning microscopy, point source compact transmission electron microscopy, compact ion beam sources, positron sources, micro-thrusters for ion engines, and improved fusion efficiency especially of the Farnsworth type. The high-energy emission can be created by simply heating the material or by application of external coercive electromagnetic and acoustic fields.

Abstract translation: 铁电，热电和压电晶体用于产生空间局部的高能（高达和超过100keV）的电子和离子束，其可用于各种应用，包括脉冲中子生成，治疗性X射线/电子器件， 元素分析，局部扫描化学分析，高能扫描显微镜，点源紧凑型透射电子显微镜，紧凑型离子束源，正电子源，离子发动机的微推进器，以及特别是Farnsworth型的融合效率的提高。 可以通过简单地加热材料或通过施加外部矫顽电磁场和声场来产生高能量发射。

公开(公告)号：US4853810A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-01

申请号：US124137

申请日：1987-11-23

Applicant: Wolfgang D. Pohl ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Paul R. Muralt

Inventor： Wolfgang D. Pohl ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Paul R. Muralt

IPC: G11B5/60 ,  G11B21/21

CPC classification number: G11B5/6005

Abstract: The method involves the steps of moving the magnetic head (8) to within aerodynamic distance from the electrically conductive surface (16) of rotating magnetic recording disk, further positioning of the head (8) until a tunnel current occurs across the gap between the head (8) and surface (16), and maintaining said tunnel current constant by using the deviations of the current from a predetermined value corresponding to a certain flying height.The apparatus comprises a tunnel electrode (9) forming an integral part of the head assembly which is attached to a distance control mechanism (5) permitting the positioning of the head assembly with a one-nanometer accuracy. The tunnel electrode (9) has a very slightly beveled shoulder (45, 47) ensuring early detection of asperities approaching the head. Gradation of the potential between tunnel electrode (9) and surface (16) of the recording disk (3) is used to enhance the response to asperities.

Abstract translation: 该方法包括以下步骤：将磁头（8）移动到与旋转的磁记录盘的导电表面（16）的空气动力学距离内，头部（8）的进一步定位直到在头部之间的间隙 （8）和表面（16），并且通过使用电流与对应于一定飞行高度的预定值的偏差来保持所述隧道电流恒定。 该装置包括形成头部组件的整体部分的隧道电极（9），其连接到距离控制机构（5），允许以一纳米精度定位头部组件。 隧道电极（9）具有非常轻微的倾斜的肩部（45,47），以确保早期发现接近头部的凹凸。 隧道电极（9）与记录盘（3）的表面（16）之间的电位梯度被用于增强对粗糙度的响应。