摘要:
Lasers for use in multichannel analog optical fiber communication systems (e.g., of the type contemplated for CATV) have to meet very stringent requirements, including high linearity. DFB lasers are advantageously used in such communication systems. Typically only a relatively small percentage of the nominally identical DFB lasers on a wafer meet the specifications. It has now been discovered that the likelihood that a given DFB laser will meet the requirements is substantially increased if the laser comprises means that are adapted for producing a non-uniform photon density in the laser cavity, with the density of photons being larger in the rear portion of the cavity than in the front portion, such that during operation of the laser the gain in the back portion is substantially independent of the laser current, whereas the gain in the front portion is a function of the laser current. A particular embodiment of the invention is a "bare patch" DFB laser having a grating that extends only part way from the front facet towards the back facet, such that a portion of the laser cavity does not have the grating associated therewith. The design ensures that the proper photon density is established within the laser cavity with high probability, largely independent of the rear (HR) facet reflection phase.
摘要:
A method is disclosed for frequency stabilization of an optical source, using data obtained from a frequency stabilization system based on an optical frequency discriminator to stabilize the output of a laser to a particular grid channel. The data is mathematically manipulated to double the number of channels as compared to prior art methods and allows arbitrary channel spacing about the channels.
摘要:
We have discovered that the yield of DFB lasers suitable, e.g., for use in AM CATV systems can be substantially increased if the lasers have a back facet with a higher reflectivity (>80%, preferably >90%) HR coating thereon than is conventional (e.g., .about.65%). Exemplary currently preferred embodiments of the invention comprise a three-pair stack of .lambda./4 yttrium-stablized zirconia/Si having about 95% reflectivity.
摘要:
A laser (15) is mounted on a planar surface of a monocrystalline silicon mounting member (12). A spherical lens (20) is mounted in a monocrystalline silicon cover member (13) which, when abutted and registered to the mounting member (12), aligns the spherical lens with the laser so that the output light can be projected along a precise predetermined path. The spherical lens (20) is mounted in a first V-shaped groove (31) which is made in the cover member by masking and etching. A second V-shaped groove intersects the first groove and defines a V-shaped edge in one side of the first groove. The spherical lens is then seated in the first V-shaped groove such that it bears against two points of the V-shaped edge and against one side wall (35) of the first V-shaped groove. A second lens (19) is mounted in the cover member in the same manner as the first lens and directs laser light from a rear facet of the laser to a mirror 30 and hence to a photodetector (21) mounted in the cover member.
摘要:
A laser (24) is mounted in predetermined alignment with a monocrystalline mounting member (11) by defining in the mounting member a reference surface (18) that is displaced from a second surface (19). Solder (29) is placed on a second surface such that in its solid form its length and width each significantly exceeds its height. The laser is bonded to the reference surface such that part of the laser overlies the solder and is separated from the solder by a small gap (30). Next, the solder is melted to cause it to gather on the second surface sufficiently to contact an under surface (31) of the laser. The solder is then cooled such that the solder bonds the laser to the silicon mounting member.
摘要:
There are disclosed methods and apparatuses for the assembling of parts using capacitive sensing, both for controlling the closure or "homing" phase of the assembly process and for acquiring one or more of the parts prior to that phase. Assembling of semiconductor parts to essentially two-dimensional and three-dimensional packages, the insertion of a peg in a hole, and an application to tape-automated-bonding (TAB) technology are all described, as are various representations of the resulting capacitive data. Included are the uses of scheduling and optical sensing to supplement capacitive sensing in the methods and apparatuses.
摘要:
A method for aligning an opto-electronic device such as a semiconductor laser to a waveguide on a substrate is disclosed. The method comprises placing the device onto the substrate such that it is in rough alignment with the waveguide, optically pumping the device such that the device emits electromagnetic radiation, with some of the emitted radiation being coupled into the waveguide and detected by appropriate means. If indicated by the detector signal, the position of the device is then adjusted until the desired degree of coupling is attained, whereupon the device is mechanically secured to the substrate and appropriate electrical connections made between device and substrate. Devices useful in the practice of the method typically comprise a window in their top metallization layer.
摘要:
A nondestructive method is proposed for measuring stripe dimensions in order to grade light-emitting structures such as lasers. The width of the near-field emission parallel to the stripe is measured while the laser is operating below threshold. This measurement is correlated with the actual stripe width and with the possibility of kinks developing in the light output. The width of the far-field emission perpendicular to the junction plane can also be measured, and the product of the two widths can be correlated with the stripe area and the possibility of kinks in the laser output.