Abstract:
A printed circuit board and a manufacturing method of the printed circuit board are disclosed. The printed circuit board includes: a first insulation layer having a first pattern formed thereon; a first trench caved in one surface of the first insulation layer along at least a portion of the first pattern; and a second insulation layer stacked on one surface of the first insulation layer so as to cover the first pattern. The first trench is filled by the second insulation layer.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a photonic crystal waveguide inlet structure for improving coupling efficiency of a strip waveguide and a photonic crystal waveguide. The photonic crystal waveguide inlet structure includes an inlet region of the photonic crystal waveguide. The photonic crystal waveguide includes photonic crystals in which air holes are arranged in a triangle lattice shape in a dielectric, and a hybrid waveguide in which at least one of the air holes is removed, the hybrid waveguide spacing the inlet region apart from the strip waveguide.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus compensating for disc eccentricity includes extracting eccentricity data from a tracking error signal having one period, generated by a tracking servo, detecting parameter values of an eccentricity component extracted during the extraction of the eccentricity data and transforming a reference sine wave based on the detected parameter values of the eccentricity component. The eccentricity data is replaced with the transformed reference sine wave and the replaced eccentricity data is added to the tracking error signal to compensate for the disc eccentricity.
Abstract:
An output driver capable of controlling a short circuit current includes a driving unit and a driving control unit. The driving unit receives a first driving signal and a second driving signal in response to a control signal and generates an output signal. The driving unit control unit includes a driving unit copying unit having the same construction as the driving unit and compares an output copying signal generated from the first and second driving signals by the driving unit copying unit with a reference voltage and generates the control signal that controls delays of the first and second driving signals in a test mode.
Abstract:
An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit includes an MOS transistor acting as a trigger for the circuit. A drain region of the MOS transistor is formed by an N-type heavily doped impurity region which overlaps an N-type well region. Further, a P-type heavily doped impurity region is formed in the N-type well region. The N-type and P-type heavily doped impurity regions are electrically connected to an input/output pad. The ESD protection circuit exhibits a reduced input capacitance at the pad, and a reduced breakdown voltage of the MOS transistor.
Abstract:
A printed circuit board and a manufacturing method of the printed circuit board are disclosed. The printed circuit board includes: a first insulation layer having a first pattern formed thereon; a first trench caved in one surface of the first insulation layer along at least a portion of the first pattern; and a second insulation layer stacked on one surface of the first insulation layer so as to cover the first pattern. The first trench is filled by the second insulation layer.
Abstract:
A delay locked loop (DLL) circuit has a first delay line that delays a received external clock signal for a fine delay time and then outputs a first internal clock signal; a duty cycle correction unit that corrects a duty cycle of the first internal clock signal and then outputs a second clock signal; a second delay line that delays the second clock signal for a coarse delay time and then outputs a second internal clock signal; and a phase detection and control unit that detects the difference between the phases of the external clock signal and the fed back second internal clock signal, and controls the fine delay time and the coarse delay time. The DLL circuit performs coarse locking and fine locking by using different type delay cells, and thus consumes a small amount of power and robustly withstands jitter and variation in PVT variables.
Abstract:
A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is provided including a lower antenna, an upper antenna, a RFID chip, and a spacer. The lower antenna has a coupling projection at one end. The upper antenna has a coupling groove at one end. The RFID chip contains information of an object which can be communicated with a reader device. One end of the RFID chip is coupled with the projection of the lower antenna and the other end is coupled with the groove of the upper antenna. The spacer is between the antennas to isolate the antennas electrically. The antennas are combined on both sides of the spacer in parallel. The RFID chip is connected with the antennas and fitted on a top side or a bottom side of the spacer so that active signals are transmitted through the antennas to send the information in the RFID chip to the reader device.
Abstract:
A delay-locked loop (DLL) circuit includes a standby signal generating circuit, a front stage circuit, and a back stage circuit. The standby signal generating circuit generates a first standby signal and a second standby signal in response to an active signal, a crock enable signal, a first column address strobe (CAS) latency signal, and a second CAS latency signal. The front stage circuit compares the phase of an external clock signal and the phase of a feedback signal and delays the external clock signal based on the phase difference between the external clock signal and the feedback signal to generate a first clock signal. The back stage circuit executes interpolation and duty-cycle correction on the first clock signal.
Abstract:
A decoder, a memory system, and a physical position converting method thereof may detect whether an address count of an input address is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. A physical position of a semiconductor memory device corresponding to the input address may be converted if the address count is equal to or greater than the predetermined value.