摘要:
An LC display comprises in order (a) a light source, (b) a transparent polymeric film bearing on the light exit surface of the film an array of close-packed convex microlenses having a distribution of sizes and oriented in one direction, whereby the light output is preferentially spread in a desired direction, and (c) an LC panel. A related process and film are also disclosed.
摘要:
Improved processes for atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and novel polymers have been developed and are described. In certain embodiments, novel copolymers comprising a least one polymeric branch or polymeric block with a predominantly alternating monomer sequence are described. Novel copolymers comprising a least one polymeric branch or polymeric block with a gradient monomer structure are described. Additionally, novel copolymers comprising a least one polymeric branch or polymeric block with a predominantly periodic monomer sequence are also described. Novel copolymers having a water soluble backbone and at least two hydrophobic polymeric branches grafted to the water soluble backbone are also described.
摘要:
An ink jet ink composition of water, a humectant, and a hyperbranched polymeric dye of a hyperbranched polymer having a dye chromophore pendant on the polymer chain or incorporated into the polymer backbone.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a nanocomposite composition comprising a clay material splayed with an inorganic particle having a diameter equal to or less than 30 nanometers. Another embodiment of the invention includes a splayed material comprising a layered material splayed with a particle, wherein the particle comprises a diameter equal to or less than 30 nanometers. Another embodiment relates to a method for preparing an exfoliated nanocomposite composition comprising the steps of preparing an inorganic particle, mixing the particle with a layered material dispersed in a medium, and splaying the layered material to produce a nanocomposite, wherein the inorganic particle comprises a diameter equal to or less than 30 nanometers.
摘要:
Highly branched polyamides prepared in a single step procedure of condensation polymerization of multifunctional monomer reactants comprising amine and carboxylic acid functional groups. Polymerization proceeds by reaction of an amine group of a first monomer unit with an acid group of a second monomer unit to form a reaction product having an amide linkage between the first and second monomer units and repetition of such amidation reaction between additional amine groups and acid groups of the multi-functional monomers and reaction products of the multi-functional monomers. In the present invention, in order to obtain a water soluble or dispersible hyperbranched polyamide, at least one of the multifunctional monomer unit reactants contains an amine, phosphine, arsenine or sulfide group, such that the highly branched polyamide contains in the backbone thereof an N, P, As or S atom capable of forming an onium ion.
摘要:
A process for polymerization of vinyl monomers is described comprising (a) forming an initiator comprising an organic iodide compound by reacting an initiator precursor comprising an organic bromide or chloride compound with an inorganic iodide salt under phase transfer catalysis in the presence of a phase transfer agent, and (b) polymerizing vinyl monomers in the presence of the formed initiator and a polymerization catalyst comprising an onium salt. Most preferably, both the phase transfer agent and the polymerization catalyst comprise an onium salt. The present invention provides a novel method for living polymerization of vinyl monomers under phase transfer conditions, which provides a high level of macromolecular control over polymerization process and which leads to more uniform and more controllable polymeric products. Oil soluble monomers may be polymerized in organic solvent or water-organic two phase solvent systems, while water soluble monomers may be polymerized in water or water-organic two phase solvent systems.
摘要:
Methods for dispersing and binding ceramic materials in aqueous media are disclosed. The methods utilize water-soluble polymers having pendant derivatized amide, ester or ether functionalities for dispersing and binding various classes of ceramic materials.
摘要:
Improved processes have been developed for atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). In one improvement, the ATRP process involves polymerizing in the presence of a (partially) free radical-deactivating amount of the corresponding reduced or oxidized transition metal compound. In a further improvement, the ATRP process involves polymerizing in a homogeneous system or in the presence of a solubilized initiating/catalytic system. The present invention also concerns end-functional, site-specific functional and telechelic homopolymers and copolymers; block, random, graft, alternating and tapered (or "gradient") copolymers which may have certain properties or a certain novel structure; star, comb and "hyperbranched" polymers and copolymers; multi-functional hyperbranched, end-functional polymers; cross-linked polymers and gels; water-soluble polymers and hydrogels (e.g., a copolymer prepared by radical copolymerization of a water-soluble monomer and a divinyl monomer); and an ATRP process using water as a medium.
摘要:
An electroluminescent device including a transparent substrate, a securing layer, a light scattering layer, an electroluminescent unit including a transparent electrode layer, a light emitting element including at least one light emitting layer, and a reflecting electrode layer in that order, wherein the light scattering layer includes one monolayer of inorganic particles having an index of refraction larger than that of the light emitting layer and wherein the securing layer holds the inorganic particles in the light scattering layer.
摘要:
An electroluminescent device including a transparent substrate, a securing layer, a light scattering layer, an electroluminescent unit including a transparent electrode layer, a light emitting element including at least one light emitting layer, and a reflecting electrode layer in that order, wherein the light scattering layer includes one monolayer of inorganic particles having an index of refraction larger than that of the light emitting layer and wherein the securing layer holds the inorganic particles in the light scattering layer.