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    Polymerization Process with catalyst reactivation
    11.
    发明申请
    Polymerization Process with catalyst reactivation 有权
    催化剂再活化聚合过程

    公开(公告)号：US20090312505A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-17

    申请号：US11990841

    申请日：2006-08-28

    Applicant: Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Wojciech Jakubowski ,  James Spanswick

    Inventor： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Wojciech Jakubowski ,  James Spanswick

    IPC: C08F4/42

    CPC classification number: C08F2/40 ,  C08F4/04 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F212/08 ,  C08F212/10 ,  Y02P20/584 ,  C08F220/12

    Abstract: Polymerization processes of the present invention comprise low catalyst concentration. Embodiments include a polymerization process comprising polymerizing free radically (co)polymerizable monomers in a polymerization medium comprising one or more radically (co)polymerizable monomers, a transition metal catalyst complex capable of participating in a one electron redox reaction with an ATRP initiator; a free radical initiator; and an ATRP initiator; (wherein the concentration of transition metal catalyst complex in the polymerization medium is less than 100 ppm). Further embodiments include a polymerization process, comprising polymerizing one or more radically (co)polymerizable monomers in the presence of at least one transition metal catalyst complex; and an ATRP initiator; and a reducing agent; wherein the transition metal catalyst complex is present at less than 10″3 mole compared to the moles of radically transferable atoms or groups present on the ATRP initiator.

    Abstract translation: 本发明的聚合方法包括低催化剂浓度。 实施方案包括聚合方法，其包括在包含一种或多种自由基（共）可聚合单体的聚合介质中自由基（共）可聚合单体聚合，能够与ATRP引发剂参与一电子氧化还原反应的过渡金属催化剂络合物; 自由基引发剂; 和ATRP引发剂; （其中聚合介质中过渡金属催化剂配合物的浓度小于100ppm）。 另外的实施方案包括聚合方法，包括在至少一种过渡金属催化剂络合物的存在下聚合一种或多种自由基（共）可聚合单体; 和ATRP引发剂; 和还原剂; 其中与ATRP引发剂上存在的可自由基转移的原子或基团的摩尔数相比，过渡金属催化剂络合物的存在量小于10'3摩尔。

    Esterification of phenol catalyzed with a strong base plus boron
    12.
    发明授权
    Esterification of phenol catalyzed with a strong base plus boron 失效
    用强碱加硼催化苯酚酯化

    公开(公告)号：US4271311A

    公开(公告)日：1981-06-02

    申请号：US57198

    申请日：1979-07-13

    Applicant: William W. Knickmeyer ,  James Spanswick ,  James R. Stephens

    Inventor： William W. Knickmeyer ,  James Spanswick ,  James R. Stephens

    IPC: C07C67/08 ,  C07C69/773 ,  C07C69/035

    CPC classification number: C07C67/08

    Abstract: Esterification of phenolic compounds which comprises reacting a phenolic compound and a carboxylic acid using a catalyst consisting essentially of an alkali metal compound and a boron compound wherein said alkali metal compound is at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of boric acid, alkali metal polyborates, alkali metal hydroxides, and alkali metal borohydrides and said boron compound is at least one member selected from the group consisting of boric acid, boric anhydride, alkali metal polyborates, alkali metal salts of boric acid and alkali metal borohydrides.

    Abstract translation: 酚类化合物的酯化反应，其包括使用主要由碱金属化合物和硼化合物组成的催化剂使酚类化合物与羧酸反应，其中所述碱金属化合物是选自硼酸的碱金属盐中的至少一种 ，碱金属多硼酸盐，碱金属氢氧化物和碱金属硼氢化物，所述硼化合物是选自硼酸，硼酸酐，碱金属多硼酸盐，硼酸碱金属盐和碱金属硼氢化物中的至少一种。

    Translucent impact polystyrene
    13.
    发明授权
    Translucent impact polystyrene 失效
    TRANSLING IMPACT POLYSTYRENE

    公开(公告)号：US3957915A

    公开(公告)日：1976-05-18

    申请号：US573311

    申请日：1975-04-30

    Applicant: James Spanswick

    Inventor： James Spanswick

    IPC: C08F279/02 ,  C08L9/06

    CPC classification number: C08F279/02

    Abstract: Translucent rubber-modified styrene polymers are prepared by adding 0.005 to 0.5% of 1,2-dibromo-2-phenylpropane or methyl-2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropionate to the polymerization feedstock.

    Color stable aromatic polyesters
    16.
    发明授权
    Color stable aromatic polyesters 失效
    颜色稳定的芳族聚酯

    公开(公告)号：US4302382A

    公开(公告)日：1981-11-24

    申请号：US146741

    申请日：1980-05-05

    Applicant: James Spanswick

    Inventor： James Spanswick

    IPC: C08G63/19 ,  C08K5/1515 ,  C08K5/521 ,  C08K5/5333 ,  C08L67/02 ,  C08K5/15 ,  C08K5/52 ,  C08K5/53

    CPC classification number: C08K5/521 ,  C08G63/19 ,  C08K5/1515 ,  C08K5/5333 ,  C08L67/02

    Abstract: Color stable compositions consisting of aromatic polyester and 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of the aromatic polyester of a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of phosphates, phosphonates and mixtures of either phosphates or phosphonates with epoxides having a boiling point of above about 250.degree. C. These compositions are useful in the manufacture of engineering plastics such as automobile headlights.

    Abstract translation: 由芳族聚酯组成的颜色稳定组合物和选自磷酸盐，膦酸盐和磷酸盐或膦酸盐与沸点高于约250℃的环氧化物的混合物的稳定剂的0.01至0.5重量％的芳族聚酯。 这些组合物可用于制造诸如汽车前灯的工程塑料。

    Fire retardant polymer
    17.
    发明授权
    Fire retardant polymer 失效
    阻燃聚合物

    公开(公告)号：US4101510A

    公开(公告)日：1978-07-18

    申请号：US775933

    申请日：1977-03-09

    Applicant: James Spanswick

    Inventor： James Spanswick

    IPC: C08K3/00 ,  C08L23/02 ,  C08L25/06 ,  C08L25/18 ,  C08K3/38

    CPC classification number: C08K3/0058 ,  C08L25/06 ,  C08L23/02 ,  C08L25/18

    Abstract: A fire retardant polymer which has a low halogen content is obtained by incorporating a vinyl aromatic containing a group reactive under Friedel-Crafts conditions and a Lewis acid or Lewis acid precursor within a thermoplastic composition.

    Abstract translation: 具有低卤素含量的阻燃聚合物通过在热塑性组合物中掺入在Friedel-Crafts条件下含有基团的乙烯基芳族化合物和路易斯酸或路易斯酸前体而获得。

    Atom transfer radical polymerization process
    20.
    发明授权
    Atom transfer radical polymerization process 有权
    原子转移自由基聚合过程

    公开(公告)号：US08404788B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-03-26

    申请号：US13026919

    申请日：2011-02-14

    Applicant: Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Lindsay Bombalski ,  Wojciech Jakubowski ,  Ke Min ,  Nicolay V. Tsarevsky ,  James Spanswick

    Inventor： Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ,  Lindsay Bombalski ,  Wojciech Jakubowski ,  Ke Min ,  Nicolay V. Tsarevsky ,  James Spanswick

    IPC: C08F4/40

    CPC classification number: C08F265/04 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F220/18 ,  C08F265/00 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C08F293/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F2438/01

    Abstract: Embodiments of the polymerization process of the present invention are directed to polymerizing free radically polymerizable monomers in the presence of a polymerization medium initially comprising at least one transition metal catalyst and an atom transfer radical polymerization initiator. The polymerization medium may additionally comprise a reducing agent. The reducing agent may be added initially or during the polymerization process in a continuous or intermittent manner. The polymerization process may further comprises reacting the reducing agent with at least one of the transition metal catalyst in an oxidized state and a compound comprising a radically transferable atom or group to form a compound that does not participate significantly in control of the polymerization process. Embodiments of the present invention comprise reacting a reducing agent with at least one of catalyst in an oxidized state and a compound comprising a radically transferable atom or group to initiate and/or maintain catalytic activity throughout the polymerization process.

    Abstract translation: 本发明的聚合方法的实施方案涉及在最初包含至少一种过渡金属催化剂和原子转移自由基聚合引发剂的聚合介质的存在下使可自由基聚合的单体聚合。 聚合介质可另外包含还原剂。 还原剂可以以连续或间歇的方式最初或在聚合过程中加入。 聚合方法可以进一步包括使还原剂与氧化态的至少一种过渡金属催化剂和包含可自由基转移的原子或基团的化合物反应，以形成不显着控制聚合过程的化合物。 本发明的实施方案包括使还原剂与氧化状态的催化剂和包含可自由基转移的原子或基团的化合物中的至少一种反应，以在整个聚合过程中引发和/或维持催化活性。

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