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    TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
    12.
    发明申请
    TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20180023011A1

    公开(公告)日：2018-01-25

    申请号：US15722442

    申请日：2017-10-02

    Applicant: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

    Inventor： Pierre CARABIN ,  Peter George TSANTRIZOS

    IPC: C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/72

    CPC classification number: C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2200/12 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/095 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/1807

    Abstract: A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives.

    PLASMA FIRED STEAM GENERATOR SYSTEM
    13.
    发明申请
    PLASMA FIRED STEAM GENERATOR SYSTEM 审中-公开
    等离子火焰发电机系统

    公开(公告)号：US20160223188A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-04

    申请号：US15021899

    申请日：2014-09-12

    Applicant: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

    Inventor： Lakshminarayana RAO ,  Pierre CARABIN ,  Jean-Rene GAGNON ,  Bill KREKLEWETZ

    IPC: F22B1/30 ,  F22B37/54

    CPC classification number: F22B1/30 ,  F22B37/48 ,  F22B37/54

    Abstract: A system for generating high pressure steam from dirty water uses a combination of sub-merged plasma arcs and electrical resistive heating. Dirty water from steam assisted gravity drainage, or other dirty water producing process, which needs to be converted into high pressure steam, is fed directly without any pre-treatment, into a plasma fired steam generator, powered by submerged electrodes. The combination of electric arc plasma and resistive heating is created between the submerged electrodes. The heat so generated will boil the water portion of the dirty water feed to generate steam that is collected in a steam space and then removed therefrom. The solids and other residues (residual sludge) present in the feed water settle down at the bottom of the steam generator and are removed via a blow-down stream. The plasma arcs are used to intermittently remove any scaling or solid deposits that can accumulate on the electrodes.

    Abstract translation: 用于从脏水产生高压蒸汽的系统使用次合并等离子体电弧和电阻加热的组合。 需要转化为高压蒸汽的蒸汽辅助重力排水或其他脏水生产过程的脏水直接进料而不经过任何预​​处理，进入由浸没电极供电的等离子体燃烧式蒸汽发生器。 在浸没电极之间产生电弧等离子体和电阻加热的组合。 所产生的热将使脏水进料的水部分沸腾，产生收集在蒸汽空间中然后从其中除去的蒸汽。 供水中的固体和其他残留物（残留污泥）沉淀在蒸汽发生器的底部，并通过排放流除去。 等离子弧用于间歇地去除可能积聚在电极上的任何结垢或固体沉积物。

    TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
    14.
    发明申请
    TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20230031504A1

    公开(公告)日：2023-02-02

    申请号：US17729664

    申请日：2022-04-26

    Applicant: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

    Inventor： Pierre CARABIN ,  Peter George Tsantrizos

    IPC: C10J3/18 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/84

    Abstract: A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives.

    HIGH POWER DC NON TRANSFERRED STEAM PLASMA TORCH SYSTEM
    15.
    发明申请
    HIGH POWER DC NON TRANSFERRED STEAM PLASMA TORCH SYSTEM 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20190306965A1

    公开(公告)日：2019-10-03

    申请号：US16225963

    申请日：2018-12-19

    Applicant: Pyrogenesis Canada Inc.

    Inventor： Lakshminarayana Mydala Prahlada RAO ,  Jocelyn REMILLARD ,  Pierre CARABIN

    IPC: H05H1/42 ,  H05H1/34 ,  H05H1/28 ,  H05H1/36

    Abstract: A high power DC steam plasma torch system (S) includes a steam plasma torch assembly (1) wherein superheated steam (46) is used as the main plasma forming gas, thereby resulting in a very reactive steam plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) is injected internally directly into the plasma plume via a ceramic lined steam feed tube (25) for reducing condensation of steam before reaching the plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) flows through a gas vortex (16) which has tangentially drilled holes thereby resulting in a high speed gas swirl that minimizes electrode erosion. In the present steam plasma torch system (S), the plasma torch assembly (1) is ignited using an ignition contactor which is housed external to the plasma torch assembly (1). The superheated steam (46) is injected into the plasma plume using a water cooled steam vortex generator assembly (15).

    ENERGY EFFICIENT HIGH POWER PLASMA TORCH
    16.
    发明申请
    ENERGY EFFICIENT HIGH POWER PLASMA TORCH 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20170086284A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-03-23

    申请号：US15311466

    申请日：2015-05-19

    Applicant: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

    Inventor： Pierre CARABIN ,  Michel G. DROUET

    IPC: H05H1/34

    CPC classification number: H05H1/34 ,  H05H2001/3426 ,  H05H2001/3452 ,  H05H2001/3468 ,  H05H2001/3494

    Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed wherein an electric arc is employed to heat an injected gas to a very high temperature. The apparatus comprises four internal components: a button cathode and three cylindrical co-axial components, a first short pilot insert, a second long insert and an anode. Vortex generators are located between these components for generating a vortex flow in the gas injected in the apparatus and which is to be heated at very high temperature by the electric arc struck between the anode and cathode. Cooling is provided to prevent melting of three of the internal components, i.e. the cathode, the anode and the pilot insert. However, to limit the heat loss to the cooling fluid, the long insert is made of an insulating material. In this way, more electrical energy is transferred to the gas.

    PLASMA PROCESS TO CONVERT SPENT POT LINING (SPL) TO INERT SLAG, ALUMINUM FLUORIDE AND ENERGY
    19.
    发明申请
    PLASMA PROCESS TO CONVERT SPENT POT LINING (SPL) TO INERT SLAG, ALUMINUM FLUORIDE AND ENERGY 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20230138875A1

    公开(公告)日：2023-05-04

    申请号：US17913308

    申请日：2021-03-22

    Applicant: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

    Inventor： Jean-René GAGNON ,  Ali SHAHVERDI ,  François RIVARD ,  François PICARD ,  Pierre CARABIN

    IPC: C01F7/50 ,  H05H1/48 ,  B09B3/50 ,  B09B3/70 ,  B09B5/00 ,  C01F7/302 ,  C04B18/14 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10K1/02

    Abstract: Apparatus for converting Spent Pot Lining (SPL) into inert slag, aluminum fluoride and energy includes a plasma arc furnace such that the destruction of SPL occurs therein. The furnace generates an electric arc within the waste, which arc travels from an anode to a cathode and destroys the waste due to the arc's extreme temperature, thereby converting a mineral fraction of SPL into vitrified inert slag lying within a crucible of the furnace. The furnace gasifies the carbon content of the SPL and produces a well-balanced syngas. The gasification takes place due to the controlled intake of air and steam into the furnace. The gasification reaction liberates significant amount of energy. Steam captures this excess energy, to provide part of the oxygen requirement for gasification and to contribute to raise the syngas H2 content. Steam also contributes to converting some SPL fluorides (NaF and Al2F3) into hydrogen fluoride. The plasma SPL processing system is compact (occupying less area than some competitive methods of SPL treatment), can be installed in close proximity to the aluminium plant (minimizing transportation of SPL and AlF3), and requires only electricity as its energy source and thus no fossil fuels.

    METHOD TO MAXIMIZE ENERGY RECOVERY IN WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESSES
    20.
    发明申请
    METHOD TO MAXIMIZE ENERGY RECOVERY IN WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESSES 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220251977A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-08-11

    申请号：US17526813

    申请日：2021-11-15

    Applicant: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

    Inventor： Jason Robert TAVARES ,  Pierre CARABIN

    IPC: F01K25/08 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F01K13/02

    Abstract: In a fossil fuel waste incineration or plasma gasification process, waste heat generated by combustion of waste is captured by a heat transfer fluid and conveyed to an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for energy recovery. In the case of a fossil fuel-fired waste incineration system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a double-walled combustion chamber, a heat exchanger being used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). In the case of a plasma waste gasification system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a plasma torch, a gasification chamber and combustion chamber cooling jackets as well as any other high-temperature components requiring cooling, and then a heat exchanger used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). The heat exchanger may take on several configurations, including plate or shell and tube configurations.

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