公开(公告)号：US09645464B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-09

申请号：US14850006

申请日：2015-09-10

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Byung Duk Yang ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Hiroshi Osawa ,  Kyung Wook Kim ,  Ming-Chin Hung ,  Shang-Chih Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Yu Cheng Chen ,  Yuan Chen

IPC: G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  H01L29/786 ,  H01L29/51 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/1368 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02F1/133345 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/136209 ,  G02F2001/133521 ,  G02F2001/136222 ,  H01L29/518 ,  H01L29/78606

Abstract: A display may have upper and lower display layers. A layer of liquid crystal material may be interposed between the upper and lower display layers. The display layers may have substrates. The display layers may include a color filter layer having an array of color filter elements on a glass substrate and a thin-film transistor layer having a layer of thin-film transistor circuitry on a glass substrate. Dielectric layers within the display layers such as dielectric layers within the thin-film transistor layer may have differing indices of refraction. Reflections and color shifts due to index of refraction discontinuities may be minimized by interposing graded index dielectric layers between adjacent layers with different indices. The graded index layers may be formed from structures with a continuously varying index of refraction or structures with a step-wise varying index of refraction.

公开(公告)号：US09601517B2

公开(公告)日：2017-03-21

申请号：US14504261

申请日：2014-10-01

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Vasudha Gupta

IPC: H01L27/12 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L27/15 ,  G09G3/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/1225 ,  G09G3/32 ,  G09G2300/0426 ,  G09G2300/0842 ,  G09G2300/0861 ,  H01L27/1222 ,  H01L27/124 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3255

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display. The display may be formed by an array of light-emitting diodes mounted to the surface of a substrate. The light-emitting diodes may be inorganic light-emitting diodes formed from separate crystalline semiconductor structures. An array of pixel control circuits may be used to control light emission from the light-emitting diodes. Each pixel control circuit may be used to supply drive signals to a respective set of the light-emitting diodes. The pixel control circuits may each have a silicon integrated circuit that includes transistors such as emission enable transistors and drive transistors for supplying the drive signals and may each have thin-film semiconducting oxide transistors that are coupled to the integrated circuit and that serve as switching transistors.

公开(公告)号：US09595497B2

公开(公告)日：2017-03-14

申请号：US14494529

申请日：2014-09-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Byung Duk Yang ,  Kwang Soon Park ,  Kyung-Wook Kim ,  Shih Chang Chang

IPC: G02F1/1333 ,  H01L23/544 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1345

CPC classification number: H01L23/544 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/13454 ,  G02F2001/133354 ,  H01L2223/5442 ,  H01L2223/54426 ,  H01L2223/54486 ,  H01L2224/0401 ,  H01L2224/05568 ,  H01L2224/131 ,  H01L2224/16145 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2924/014

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film transistor layer formed from a layer of thin-film, transistor circuitry on a substrate. The thin-film transistor layer may overlap a color filter layer. A portion of the thin-film transistor layer may extend past the color filter layer to for a ledge region. Components such as a flexible printed circuit and a display driver integrated circuit may be mounted to the thin-film transistor layer in the ledge region. The components may have alignment marks. The thin-film transistor layer may have a black masking layer that is patterned to form openings for display pixels. In a border area of the display that overlaps the ledge region, the thin-film transistor layer may have alignment mark viewing windows. Alignment marks formed from black masking material in the windows may be aligned with respective alignment marks on the components.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有由薄膜晶体管电路在衬底上形成的薄膜晶体管层。 薄膜晶体管层可以与滤色器层重叠。 薄膜晶体管层的一部分可以延伸经过滤色器层到达凸缘区域。 诸如柔性印刷电路和显示驱动器集成电路的部件可以安装到凸缘区域中的薄膜晶体管层。 组件可以具有对准标记。 薄膜晶体管层可以具有被图案化以形成用于显示像素的开口的黑色掩模层。 在与凸缘区域重叠的显示器的边界区域中，薄膜晶体管层可以具有对准标记观察窗口。 窗口中由黑色掩蔽材料形成的对准标记可以与部件上的相应对准标记对齐。

公开(公告)号：US20160380112A9

公开(公告)日：2016-12-29

申请号：US13801261

申请日：2013-03-13

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Cheng-Ho Yu ,  Young Bae Park ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Ting-Kuo Chang ,  Shang-Chih Lin

IPC: H01L29/786 ,  H01L29/66

CPC classification number: H01L29/78651 ,  H01L27/1288 ,  H01L29/6675 ,  H01L29/78621 ,  H01L29/78645

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating thin-film transistors (TFTs) for an LCD having an array of pixels. The method includes depositing a first photoresist layer over a portion of a TFT stack. The TFT stack includes a conductive gate layer, and a semiconductor layer. The method also includes doping the exposed semiconductor layer with a first doping dose. The method further includes etching a portion of the conductive gate layer to expose a portion of the semiconductor layer, and doping the exposed portion of the semiconductor layer with a second doping dose. The method also includes removing the first photoresist layer, and depositing a second photoresist layer over a first portion of the doped semiconductor layer in an active area of the pixels to expose a second portion of the doped semiconductor layer in an area surrounding the active area. The method further includes doping the second portion of the doped semiconductor layer with a third doping dose, the first dose being higher than the second dose and the third dose.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种制造用于具有像素阵列的LCD的薄膜晶体管（TFT）的方法。 该方法包括在TFT堆叠的一部分上沉积第一光致抗蚀剂层。 TFT堆叠包括导电栅极层和半导体层。 该方法还包括以第一掺杂剂量掺杂暴露的半导体层。 该方法还包括蚀刻导电栅极层的一部分以暴露半导体层的一部分，并以第二掺杂剂量掺杂半导体层的暴露部分。 该方法还包括去除第一光致抗蚀剂层，以及在像素的有源区域中在掺杂半导体层的第一部分上沉积第二光致抗蚀剂层，以在围绕有源区域的区域中暴露掺杂半导体层的第二部分。 该方法还包括以第三掺杂剂量掺杂掺杂半导体层的第二部分，第一剂量高于第二剂量和第三剂量。

公开(公告)号：US09424793B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-23

申请号：US14726312

申请日：2015-05-29

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Rungrot Kitsomboonloha ,  Kwang Soon Park ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Szu-Hsien Lee

IPC: H01L31/00 ,  G09G3/36 ,  G06F3/041

CPC classification number: G09G3/3648 ,  G06F3/0412 ,  G06F3/0416 ,  G09G2300/0408 ,  G09G2300/0842

Abstract: A touch screen display may include gate line driver circuitry coupled to a display pixel array. The display may be provided with intra-frame pausing (IFP) capabilities, where touch or other operations may be performed during one or more intra-frame blanking intervals. In one suitable arrangement, a gate driver circuit may include multiple gate line driver segments each of which is activated by a separate gate start pulse. Each gate start pulse may only be released at the end of an IFP interval. In another suitable arrangement, dummy gate driver units may be interposed among active gate driver units. Gate output signals may propagate through the dummy gate driver units during the IFP internal. In another suitable arrangement, each active gate driver unit may be provided with a buffer portion that protects at least some transistor in the gate driver unit from undesired stress.

Abstract translation: 触摸屏显示器可以包括耦合到显示像素阵列的栅极线驱动器电路。 显示器可以具有帧内暂停（IFP）能力，其中可以在一个或多个帧内消隐间隔期间执行触摸或其它操作。 在一种合适的布置中，栅极驱动电路可以包括多个栅极线驱动器段，每个栅驱动器段由单独的栅极起始脉冲激活。 每个栅极起始脉冲只能在IFP间隔结束时释放。 在另一种合适的布置中，虚拟栅极驱动器单元可插入有源栅极驱动器单元中。 栅极输出信号可能在IFP内部传播通过虚拟栅极驱动器单元。 在另一种合适的布置中，每个有源栅极驱动器单元可以设置有缓冲部分，其保护栅极驱动器单元中的至少一些晶体管免受不期望的应力。

公开(公告)号：US20160141348A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-19

申请号：US14543088

申请日：2014-11-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Jae Won Choi ,  MinKyu Kim ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Vasudha Gupta ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/3265 ,  H01L27/3248 ,  H01L27/3258 ,  H01L27/3262 ,  H01L27/3272 ,  H01L27/3276

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display may have an array of pixels. Each pixel may have an organic light-emitting diode with an anode and cathode. The anodes may be formed from a patterned layer of metal. Thin-film transistor circuitry in the pixels may include transistors such as drive transistors and switching transistors. Data lines may supply data signals to the pixels and horizontal control lines may supply control signals to the gates of the transistors. A switching transistor may be coupled between a voltage initialization line and each anode. The voltage initialization lines and capacitor structures in the thin-film transistor circuitry may be formed using a layer of metal that is different than the layer of metal that forms the anodes.

Abstract translation: 有机发光二极管显示器可以具有像素阵列。 每个像素可以具有带阳极和阴极的有机发光二极管。 阳极可以由图案化的金属层形成。 像素中的薄膜晶体管电路可以包括诸如驱动晶体管和开关晶体管的晶体管。 数据线可以向像素提供数据信号，并且水平控制线可以向晶体管的栅极提供控制信号。 开关晶体管可以耦合在电压初始化线和每个阳极之间。 可以使用与形成阳极的金属层不同的金属层来形成薄膜晶体管电路中的电压初始化线和电容器结构。

公开(公告)号：US20160133184A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-12

申请号：US14535604

申请日：2014-11-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Vasudha Gupta ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: G09G3/32

CPC classification number: G09G3/3233 ,  G09G3/2011 ,  G09G3/2014 ,  G09G3/2081 ,  G09G3/3225 ,  G09G3/3266 ,  G09G2310/0286 ,  G09G2310/08 ,  G09G2320/0233 ,  G09G2330/028 ,  G09G2360/16 ,  G11C19/184 ,  G11C19/28 ,  H03K5/15093

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display may have an array of pixel circuits. Each pixel circuit may contain an organic light-emitting diode that emits light, a drive transistor that controls current flow through the diode, and additional transistors such as switching transistors for loading data into the pixel circuit and emission transistors for enabling and disabling current flow through the drive transistor and diode. Gate driver circuitry may produce emission control signals that control the emission transistors. Display driver circuitry may generate a start signal with a digitally controlled pulse width. The start signal may be applied to shift register circuitry in the gate driver circuitry. The pulse width of the start signal may be adjusted to adjust the luminance of the display.

Abstract translation: 有机发光二极管显示器可以具有像素电路阵列。 每个像素电路可以包含发射光的有机发光二极管，控制通过二极管的电流的驱动晶体管，以及诸如用于将数据加载到像素电路中的开关晶体管和用于启用和禁用电流流过的发射晶体管的附加晶体管 驱动晶体管和二极管。 栅极驱动器电路可以产生控制发射晶体管的发射控制信号。 显示驱动器电路可以产生具有数字控制脉冲宽度的起始信号。 启动信号可以被施加到栅极驱动器电路中的移位寄存器电路。 可以调节起始信号的脉冲宽度以调节显示器的亮度。

公开(公告)号：US20160098965A1

公开(公告)日：2016-04-07

申请号：US14504215

申请日：2014-10-01

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Hao-Lin Chiu ,  Byung Duk Yang ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Kyung Wook Kim ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Szu-Hsien Lee

IPC: G09G3/36 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  H01L23/528 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  H01L27/12 ,  H01L23/522

CPC classification number: G09G3/3648 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/1345 ,  G02F1/136286 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/13456 ,  G06F3/0412 ,  G06F3/0416 ,  G06F3/044 ,  G06F2203/04103 ,  G06F2203/04104 ,  G06F2203/04112 ,  G09F9/30 ,  G09G3/3666 ,  G09G3/3677 ,  G09G3/3688 ,  G09G2300/0413 ,  G09G2300/0426 ,  G09G2310/0281 ,  H01L23/5226 ,  H01L23/528 ,  H01L27/124 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels arranged in rows and columns. Each pixel may have a transistor for controlling the amount of output light associated with that pixel. The transistors may be thin-film transistors having active areas, first and second source-drain terminals, and gates. Gate lines may be used to distribute gate control signals to the gates of the transistors in each row. Data lines that run perpendicular to the gate lines may be used to distribute image data along columns of pixels. The gate lines may be connected to gate line extensions that run parallel to the data lines. The data lines may each overlap a respective one of the gate line extensions. Vias may be used to connect the gate line extensions to the gate lines. The gate line extensions may all have the same length.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有排列成行和列的像素阵列。 每个像素可以具有用于控制与该像素相关联的输出光量的晶体管。 晶体管可以是具有有源区的薄膜晶体管，第一和第二源极 - 漏极端子和栅极。 栅极线可用于将栅极控制信号分配到每行中的晶体管的栅极。 垂直于栅极线延伸的数据线可用于沿像素列分布图像数据。 栅极线可以连接到平行于数据线延伸的栅极线扩展。 数据线可以各自重叠相应的一个栅极线延伸。 通孔可用于将栅极线延伸部分连接到栅极线。 门线扩展可能都具有相同的长度。

公开(公告)号：US09293512B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-22

申请号：US13837656

申请日：2013-03-15

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Shih Chang Chang ,  Yu Cheng Chen

IPC: H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/3248 ,  H01L27/3262

Abstract: Devices and methods for increasing the aperture ratio and providing more precise gray level control to pixels in an active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display are provided. By way of example, one embodiment includes disposing a gate insulator between a gate of a driving thin-film transistor and a gate of a circuit thin-film transistor. The improved structure of the display facilitates a higher voltage range for controlling the gray level of the pixels, and may increase the aperture ratio of the pixels.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于增加开口率并为有源矩阵有机发光二极管（AMOLED）显示器中的像素提供更精确的灰度级控制的装置和方法。 作为示例，一个实施例包括在驱动薄膜晶体管的栅极和电路薄膜晶体管的栅极之间设置栅极绝缘体。 显示器的改进的结构有助于用于控制像素的灰度级的更高的电压范围，并且可以增加像素的开口率。

公开(公告)号：US20150379938A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-31

申请号：US14747719

申请日：2015-06-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jae Won Choi ,  John Z. Zhong ,  Kwang Ohk Cheon ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: G09G3/32 ,  G09G5/02

CPC classification number: G09G3/3291 ,  G09G3/3233 ,  G09G2300/0426 ,  G09G2300/0861 ,  G09G2310/0251 ,  G09G2320/0209 ,  G09G2320/043 ,  H01L27/3276 ,  H01L51/5088

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels. Each pixel may have a light-emitting diode that emits light under control of a drive transistor. The organic light-emitting diodes may have a common cathode layer, a common electron layer, individual red, green, and blue emissive layers, a common hole layer, and individual anodes. The hole layer may have a hole injection layer stacked with a hole transport layer. Pixel circuits for controlling the diodes may be formed from a layer of thin-film transistor circuitry on a substrate. A planarization layer may cover the thin-film transistor layer. Lateral leakage current between adjacent diodes can be blocked by shorting the common hole layer to a metal line such as a bias electrode that is separate from the anodes. The metal line may be laterally interposed between adjacent pixels and may be formed on the planarization layer or embedded within the planarization layer.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有像素阵列。 每个像素可以具有在驱动晶体管的控制下发光的发光二极管。 有机发光二极管可以具有公共阴极层，公共电子层，单独的红色，绿色和蓝色发射层，公共空穴层和单个阳极。 空穴层可以具有层叠有空穴传输层的空穴注入层。 用于控制二极管的像素电路可以由衬底上的薄膜晶体管电路层形成。 平坦化层可以覆盖薄膜晶体管层。 可以通过将公共空穴层短路到诸如与阳极分离的偏置电极的金属线来阻止相邻二极管之间的横向漏电流。 金属线可以横向插入相邻像素之间，并且可以形成在平坦化层上或嵌入在平坦化层内。