Apparatus for testing electronic cigarettes

    公开(公告)号:US12075844B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-09-03

    申请号:US17669759

    申请日:2022-02-11

    CPC classification number: A24F40/80 G01K7/02 H02J7/0045 A24F40/10 A24F40/42

    Abstract: Apparatus for testing an electronic smoking (e-smoking) device includes an electronic circuit for electronically activating an e-smoking device and causing the e-smoking device to generate a plurality of puffs by converting a wicking fluid therein into a plurality of puffs without a need for a human to physically contact the e-smoking device during puff generation, and a wireless controller for controlling the electronic circuit. The electronic circuit is configured for activating the e-smoking device to generate the plurality of puffs based on wireless signals received at the wireless controller. The apparatus is further configured for measuring a characteristic of the e-smoking device, which may include a rate of conversion of the wicking fluid to vapor as a function of time for the plurality of puffs.

    Desalting apparatus using solvent and the method thereof

    公开(公告)号:US11858831B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-01-02

    申请号:US17227581

    申请日:2021-04-12

    Abstract: Disclosed is a desalination apparatus using a solvent extraction scheme. The desalination apparatus using a solvent extraction scheme includes a source water supply module configured to supply source water including salt of a first concentration and water, a functional solvent supply module configured to supply a functional solvent, of which the solubility in water varies according to temperature, a mixing module configured to mix the source water from the source water supply module and the functional solvent from the functional solvent supply module, a first separation module configured to receive mixture water, in which the source water and the functional solvent are mixed, from the mixing module, and dissolve the water contained in the source water in the functional solvent, a salt crystallization module configured to receive the source water including salt of a second concentration that is higher than the first concentration, from which the water has been removed, from the first separation module, and a second separation module configured to receive the functional solvent, in which the water has been dissolved, from the first separation module, and thermally separate the water and the functional solvent at a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature.

    Electrically conductive membrane assembly and related systems and methods

    公开(公告)号:US11845041B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-12-19

    申请号:US17286451

    申请日:2019-10-30

    CPC classification number: B01D65/08 B01D63/082 B01D71/42 B01D71/72 B01D2321/22

    Abstract: A membrane assembly for separating a feed liquid into a permeate and a retentate includes a semipermeable membrane and conductive members for applying a voltage effective for charging a semipermeable surface of the membrane, thereby reducing or preventing fouling or scaling of the membrane. The conductive members may be positioned adjacent to the semipermeable membrane, and may be configured as feed spacers or permeate spacers. Alternatively or additionally, the membrane may be electrically conductive. Power from an external source may be supplied to one or more of the conductive members, or also the membrane if conductive, which may be done wirelessly. One or more membrane assemblies may be provided in a container. One or more membrane assemblies may be provided in a stacked configuration, or wrapped around a tube in a spiral configuration.

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