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公开(公告)号：US20090269710A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-29
申请号：US12108986
申请日：2008-04-24
CPC分类号： F23L15/04 , F23C3/002 , F23C2900/03002 , F23C2900/9901 , F23D14/12 , Y02E20/348 , Y10S165/141 , Y10T137/86815
摘要： A single-ended, internally recuperated, radiant tube annulus system in which at least part of the heat recovery takes place within the furnace to which the system is attached and in which the oxidant and/or fuel are preheated not only by heat transfer from the exhaust gases, but also directly from the combustion process. The system includes a plurality of concentric radiant tubular members arranged in a manner providing an outer annular region in which the combustion process is carried out, an inner tubular member through which exhaust gases are exhausted from the system, and intermediate annular regions between the inner tubular member and the outer annular region through which preheated oxidant is provided to the outer annular region for the combustion process. In accordance with one embodiment of this invention, the internal recuperator is used as a fuel reformer.
摘要翻译： 一种单端，内部回收的辐射管环空系统，其中至少部分热回收在系统附接的炉内进行，其中氧化剂和/或燃料不仅通过从 废气，也直接来自燃烧过程。 该系统包括多个同心辐射管状构件，其以提供执行燃烧过程的外部环形区域的方式布置，内部管状构件，废气从该系统排出，以及在内部管状物之间的中间环形区域 构件和外部环形区域，通过该外部环形区域将预热的氧化剂提供给用于燃烧过程的外部环形区域。 根据本发明的一个实施例，内部换热器用作燃料重整器。
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公开(公告)号：US06572912B1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-03
申请号：US09553445
申请日：2000-04-19
申请人： Joseph K. Rabovitser , Sandeep Ahuja , Mark J. Khinkis , Robert Hanson , William Cummings , Daren Cornforth
发明人： Joseph K. Rabovitser , Sandeep Ahuja , Mark J. Khinkis , Robert Hanson , William Cummings , Daren Cornforth
IPC分类号： A23C300
CPC分类号： A23L5/17
摘要： A process and apparatus for cooking non-cured food products in which the non-cured food products are heated in an atmosphere comprising less than about 0.5 vppmd of NO2, producing a cooked food product having substantially no pink discoloration on its outer surface.
摘要翻译： 一种用于烹饪非固化食品的方法和装置，其中未固化的食品在包含小于约0.5vppmd的NO 2的气氛中被加热，从而在其外表面上产生基本上没有粉红色变色的熟食品。
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公开(公告)号：US06497187B2
公开(公告)日：2002-12-24
申请号：US09810831
申请日：2001-03-16
IPC分类号： F23B700
CPC分类号： F23L9/04 , F23G5/0276 , F23G5/12 , F23G2203/101 , F23L1/02 , F23L9/06
摘要： A method and apparatus for combustion of a solid carbonaceous material in which the solid carbonaceous material is preheated and at least a portion thereof pyrolyzed on a stoker grate disposed in the lower portion of a combustion chamber to produce pyrolysis products. Overfire oxidant is then introduced into the combustion chamber above the stoker grate to ensure complete combustion of combustibles in the products of combustion generated by combustion of the solid carbonaceous material and the pyrolysis products. Preheating and pyrolysis of the solid carbonaceous material is carried out by the introduction of a pyrolysis agent directly into the bed of solid carbonaceous material.
摘要翻译： 固体碳质材料的燃烧方法和装置，其中固体碳质材料被预热，并且其至少一部分在设置在燃烧室的下部中的炉子炉排上热解以产生热解产物。 然后，将过氧化氧化剂引入加料炉格栅上方的燃烧室中，以确保由固体碳质材料和热解产物的燃烧产生的燃烧产物中的可燃物的完全燃烧。 通过将热解剂直接引入固体碳质材料床中来进行固体碳质材料的预热和热解。
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公开(公告)号：US5462430A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-31
申请号：US011670
申请日：1993-01-29
申请人： Mark J. Khinkis
发明人： Mark J. Khinkis
CPC分类号： F23C6/045 , F23C3/006 , F23M5/08 , F23C2201/102
摘要： A process and apparatus for cyclonic combustion with ultra-low pollutant emissions and high efficiency wherein a fuel and primary combustion air mixture is tangentially injected into a reducing primary combustion zone of a cyclonic combustor. The primary combustion air is injected into the reducing primary combustion zone in an amount equal to between about 30% and about 90% of a stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel. Secondary combustion air is tangentially injected into an oxidizing secondary combustion zone of the cyclonic combustor, in an amount equal to between about 10% and about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel. Primary combustion products from the reducing primary combustion zone are mixed with the tangentially injected secondary air for completing combustion within the oxidizing secondary combustion zone. Combustion chamber walls which define the reducing primary combustion zone and the oxidizing secondary combustion zone are water-cooled.
摘要翻译： 一种用于具有超低污染物排放和高效率的气旋燃烧的方法和装置，其中将燃料和初级燃烧空气混合物切向注入到气旋燃烧器的还原性初级燃烧区中。 一次燃烧空气以等于燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约30％至约90％的量被注入到还原一次燃烧区中。 二次燃烧空气以等于燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约10％至约90％的量切向注入到气旋燃烧器的氧化二次燃烧区域中。 来自还原性初级燃烧区的初级燃烧产物与切向注入的二次空气混合，以在氧化二次燃烧区内完成燃烧。 限定还原一次燃烧区和氧化二次燃烧区的燃烧室壁是水冷的。
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25.发明授权Combined cycle power plant with thermochemical recuperation and flue gas recirculation 失效具有热化学回收和烟道气再循环的联合循环发电厂
公开(公告)号：US5595059A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-21
申请号：US397610
申请日：1995-03-02
摘要： Combined cycle power plants are disclosed that utilize a stream of compressed flue gas and fuel that has been passed through a reformer (a thermochemical recuperator) to increase its thermal and chemical value and, along with the output of an air compressor, is fed into the gas turbine combustor. In preferred embodiments the thermochemical recuperation and flue gas recirculation are incorporated into combined cycle power plants that utilize either two gas turbines or reheat gas turbines.
摘要翻译： 公开了使用已经通过重整器（热化学换热器）的压缩烟道气和燃料流以增加其热和化学值的组合循环发电厂，并且与空气压缩机的输出一起被馈送到 燃气轮机燃烧器。 在优选实施例中，热化学回收和烟道气再循环被并入利用两个燃气轮机或再热燃气轮机的联合循环发电厂。
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公开(公告)号：US20120264986A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-18
申请号：US13086433
申请日：2011-04-14
CPC分类号： B01J12/007 , B01J19/249 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00085 , B01J2219/00099 , B01J2219/00157 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2482 , B01J2219/2486 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0216 , C01B2203/0222 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/148 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A non-catalytic recuperative reformer has a flue gas flow path for conducting hot flue gas from a thermal process and a reforming mixture flow path for conducting a reforming mixture. At least a portion of the reforming mixture flow path is embedded in the flue gas flow path to permit heat transfer from the hot flue gas to the reforming mixture. The reforming mixture flow path contains substantially no material commonly used as a catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon fuel (e.g., nickel oxide, platinum group elements or rhenium), but instead the reforming mixture is reformed into a higher calorific fuel via reactions due to the heat transfer and residence time. In a preferred embodiment, extended surfaces of metal material such as stainless steel or metal alloy that are high in nickel content are included within at least a portion of the reforming mixture flow path.
摘要翻译： 非催化还原转化器具有用于从热处理和用于引导重整混合物的重整混合物流动路径传导热烟道气的烟道气流路径。 重整混合物流动路径的至少一部分被包埋在烟道气流动路径中以允许从热烟道气到重整混合物的热传递。 重整混合物流动路径基本上不含有用于重整烃燃料（例如，氧化镍，铂族元素或铼）的催化剂的材料，而是通过由于热传递的反应将重整混合物重整成更高热量的燃料 和停留时间。 在优选的实施方案中，含镍量高的金属材料如不锈钢或金属合金的延伸表面包括在重整混合物流动路径的至少一部分内。
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27.发明授权Low pollutant - emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner for firetube boilers and heaters 失效用于消防锅炉和加热器的低污染物排放，高效率气旋燃烧器
公开(公告)号：US5209187A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US739209
申请日：1991-08-01
申请人： Mark J. Khinkis
发明人： Mark J. Khinkis
摘要： A low pollutant emission, high efficiency cyclonic burner and cyclonic combustion process for firetube boilers and heaters in which the combustion air required for complete combustion is introduced into the cyclonic burner in stages. Fuel and primary combustion air in an amount of about 30% to about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel are tangentially injected into a primary combustion zone of a combustion chamber within the burner. Secondary combustion air in an amount of about 10% to about 90% of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel is introduced into a secondary combustion zone in the combustion chamber downstream of the primary combustion zone. The combustion chamber walls are cooled to maintain the combustion chamber temperature between about 1600.degree. F. and 2400.degree. F.
摘要翻译： 用于燃烧管锅炉和加热器的低污染物排放，高效率气旋燃烧器和气旋燃烧过程，其中完全燃烧所需的燃烧空气分阶段地引入到气旋燃烧器中。 燃料和初级燃烧空气的燃烧量完全燃烧的化学计量要求的大约30％至大约90％的量被切向地喷射到燃烧器内的燃烧室的主要燃烧区域中。 燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约10％至约90％的二次燃烧空气被引入到主燃烧区下游的燃烧室中的二次燃烧区域中。 燃烧室壁被冷却以将燃烧室温度维持在约1600°F和2400°F之间。
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公开(公告)号：US5105747A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-21
申请号：US699164
申请日：1991-05-13
CPC分类号： F23G5/14 , F23G5/002 , F23L9/02 , F23G2900/00001
摘要： A combustion process and apparatus for simultaneously reducing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and hydrogen chloride in a high temperature furnace. A combustible material is introduced and combusted within the furnace, forming a primary combustion zone. Combustion air, sorbent and a first portion of hydrocarbon fuel are mixed and combusted within a calciner to form a product gas/calcined sorbent mixture. The product gas/calcined sorbent mixture and a remaining portion of fuel are injected into the furnace, forming an oxygen deficient secondary combustion downstream of the primary combustion zone. Overfire air is injected into the furnace, forming an oxidizing tertiary combustion zone downstream of the oxygen deficient secondary combustion zone.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在高温炉中同时还原氮氧化物，硫氧化物和氯化氢的燃烧方法和装置。 在炉内引入和燃烧可燃材料，形成初级燃烧区。 将燃烧空气，吸附剂和烃燃料的第一部分在煅烧炉中混合并燃烧以形成产物气体/煅烧的吸附剂混合物。 将产物气体/煅烧的吸附剂混合物和剩余的燃料部分注入炉中，在主燃烧区下游形成缺氧二次燃烧。 将过火空气注入炉中，在缺氧二次燃烧区下游形成氧化三级燃烧区。
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公开(公告)号：US4854249A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-08
申请号：US196363
申请日：1988-05-19
CPC分类号： F23C10/005 , F23C10/08 , F23C6/04 , F23J7/00 , F23C2206/103 , F23G2202/101 , F23G2202/103 , F23G2203/30 , F23G2203/501 , F23G2209/10 , F23G2209/12 , F23G2209/26 , F23G2900/7013 , F23L2900/07005 , Y02E20/344
摘要： A process for combusting sulfur and nitrogen containing carbonaceous materials in a two stage combustion process wherein sulfur and nitrogen containing carbonaceous materials and sulfur fixation agent particulates are introduced into a first combustion stage single fluidized bed having a density/size selective solids withdrawal conduit. The carbonaceous materials are combusted in the fluidized bed under substoichiometric oxygen conditions at temperatures of about 1600.degree. to about 2000.degree. F. producing ash and reducing gases forming a reducing region in a major portion of the single fluidized bed, the reducing gases comprising gaseous sulfur compounds. In a reducing region of the fluidized bed, the gaseous sulfur compounds are reacted with oxides of the sulfur fixation agent forming an intermediate solid metallic sulfur compound and nitrogen contained in the carbonaceous materials is converted to molecular nitrogen. The intermediate sulfur compound is reacted in an oxidizing region maintained at a base portion of the fluidized bed to form a stable, solid, environmentally acceptable sulfur containing compound which is withdrawn through the selective solids withdrawal conduit with agglomerated ash.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在两阶段燃烧过程中燃烧含硫和含氮的含碳材料的方法，其中将含硫和氮的含碳材料和硫固定剂颗粒引入到具有密度/尺寸选择性固体排出导管的第一燃烧级单流化床中。 碳质材料在亚化学计量氧条件下在约1600°至约2000°F的温度下在流化床中燃烧，产生灰分和还原气体，在单一流化床的主要部分形成还原区，还原气体包含气态硫 化合物。 在流化床的还原区中，气态硫化合物与形成中间固体金属硫化合物的硫固定剂的氧化物反应，碳质材料中所含的氮转化为分子氮。 中间体硫化合物在保持在流化床底部的氧化区域中反应，以形成稳定的，固体的，环境可接受的含硫化合物，其通过具有附聚灰分的选择性固体抽出管道排出。
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公开(公告)号：US4761132A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-02
申请号：US21719
申请日：1987-03-04
申请人： Mark J. Khinkis
发明人： Mark J. Khinkis
CPC分类号： F23C6/042 , C03B5/2353 , C03B5/237 , F23L15/02 , F23L7/007 , F27D17/004 , F27D99/0033 , Y02E20/344 , Y02E20/348 , Y02P40/535 , Y02P40/55 , Y02P40/57
摘要： A process and apparatus for oxygen-rich combustion wherein a first portion of about 5 to about 40 percent of the total fuel to be cracked and combusted is introduced to a cracking chamber where it is combusted and cracked at a temperature below about 2200.degree. C. to produce a cracked products mixture. Oxygen-rich gas of greater than about 30 volume percent oxygen is introduced to the cracking chamber in about 5 to about 50 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the first portion of fuel introduced to that chamber. Cracked products mixture, a second remaining portion of fresh fuel and oxidizer having sufficient oxygen for substantially complete combustion of the combustible portion of the cracked products mixture and the fresh fuel is introduced to a combustion chamber wherein the combustible portion of the cracked products mixture and the fresh fuel is combusted. The process and apparatus provide a controllable, highly luminous, high temperature and high kinetic energy flame in the combustion chamber resulting in enhanced heat transfer rate to the furnace load, increased furnace specific production rate, increased furnace thermal efficiency, and reduced nitrogen oxides pollutant emissions.
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