公开(公告)号：US07051238B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-23

申请号：US10209101

申请日：2002-07-30

申请人： Robert D. Gardner ,  Bret A. McKee ,  Chris D. Hyser

发明人： Robert D. Gardner ,  Bret A. McKee ,  Chris D. Hyser

IPC分类号： G06F11/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/3842 ,  G06F9/3865

摘要： A method and system for nearly immediately trapping a failure-to-check-a-return-value error in a computer program. Modern processor architectures, such as the Intel® IA-64 processor architecture, provide for control speculation of load instructions, including 1-bit NAT registers, associated with general registers, that indicate occurrences of deferred exceptions arising during execution of control-speculative load instructions targeting the corresponding general registers. One embodiment of the present invention employs the NAT registers associated with general-purpose registers to distinguish special values, often indicating error conditions, stored in general-purpose registers serving to store the return values of functions and routines.

摘要翻译： 一种在计算机程序中几乎立即捕获失败检查返回值错误的方法和系统。 诸如英特尔（IA）64处理器架构之类的现代处理器架构提供了对通用寄存器相关的负载指令（包括1位NAT寄存器）的控制推测，指示在执行控制投机期间产生的延迟异常 加载指令针对相应的通用寄存器。 本发明的一个实施例使用与通用寄存器相关联的NAT寄存器来区分存储在用于存储函数和例程的返回值的通用寄存器中的特定值，通常指示错误条件。

公开(公告)号：US5120579A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-09

申请号：US749144

申请日：1991-08-23

申请人： Robert D. Gardner ,  Dineen M. Hopp Kolkowski ,  Aziz S. Shaikh ,  Gordon J. Roberts

发明人： Robert D. Gardner ,  Dineen M. Hopp Kolkowski ,  Aziz S. Shaikh ,  Gordon J. Roberts

IPC分类号： C03C8/10 ,  C03C8/22 ,  H01B3/08 ,  H01L23/498 ,  H05K1/03

CPC分类号： H05K1/0306 ,  C03C8/10 ,  C03C8/22 ,  H01B3/085 ,  H01B3/087 ,  H01B3/088 ,  H01L23/49894 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/09701

摘要： A method of bonding a dielectric material to a substrate comprising the steps of:I. providing a substrate;II. providing a dielectric composition comprising:(a) about 30% to about 100% by weight of a glass composition selected from the group consisting of:(a-1) a mixture of two glass compositions comprising a first glass composition having a glass transition temperature in the range of about 585.degree. C. to about 620.degree. C. and a second glass composition having a glass transition temperature in the range of about 765.degree. C. to about 815.degree. C.; or(a-2) a mixture of three glass compositions comprising a first glass composition having a glass transition temperature in the range of about 585.degree. C. to about 620.degree. C., a second glass composition having a glass transition temperature in the range of about 765.degree. C. to about 815.degree. C., and a third glass composition having a glass transition temperature in the range of about 650.degree. C. to about 720.degree. C.;III. applying to at least one surface of the substrate the dielectric; andIV. heating the substrate in a nonoxidizing atmosphere to a temperature sufficient to permit the glass composition (a) to fuse.

摘要翻译： 一种将介电材料粘合到基底上的方法，包括以下步骤：I.提供基底; 二， 提供一种电介质组合物，其包含：（a）约30％至约100％重量的选自以下的玻璃组合物：（a-1）两种玻璃组合物的混合物，其包含玻璃化转变温度 在约585℃至约620℃的范围内和玻璃化转变温度在约765℃至约815℃范围内的第二玻璃组合物。 或（a-2）三种玻璃组合物的混合物，其包含玻璃化转变温度在约585℃至约620℃范围内的第一玻璃组合物，玻璃化转变温度在该范围内的第二玻璃组合物 约765℃至约815℃，以及玻璃化转变温度在约650℃至约720℃范围内的第三玻璃组合物。 三， 施加到所述基底的至少一个表面上的所述电介质; 和IV。 在非氧化气氛中加热衬底至足以使玻璃组合物（a）熔化的温度。

公开(公告)号：US09092250B1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-28

申请号：US11588691

申请日：2006-10-27

申请人： Chris D. Hyser ,  Bret A. McKee ,  Robert D. Gardner ,  Daniel J. Magenheimer

发明人： Chris D. Hyser ,  Bret A. McKee ,  Robert D. Gardner ,  Daniel J. Magenheimer

IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F9/5027 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/5088 ,  G06F2009/4557

摘要： To provide an arrangement of virtual machines on physical machines, at least one controller compares indicators associated with plural different layouts of the virtual machines on the physical machines, wherein the indicators provide information regarding performances of corresponding layouts. The at least one controller selects one of the plural layouts based on the comparing.

摘要翻译： 为了在物理机器上提供虚拟机的布置，至少一个控制器将与物理机器上的虚拟机的多个不同布局相关联的指示器进行比较，其中指示器提供关于相应布局的性能的信息。 所述至少一个控制器基于所述比较来选择所述多个布局中的一个。

公开(公告)号：US08799891B2

公开(公告)日：2014-08-05

申请号：US11070602

申请日：2005-03-02

申请人： Ludmila Cherkasova ,  Robert D. Gardner

发明人： Ludmila Cherkasova ,  Robert D. Gardner

IPC分类号： G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F9/45533

摘要： According to at least one embodiment, a method comprises observing communication from a virtual machine (VM) to a virtual machine monitor (VMM). The method further comprises determining, based on the observed communication, CPU utilization of the VMM that is attributable to the VM. According to at least one embodiment, a system comprises a Central Processing Unit (CPU), Virtual Machines (VMs), and a Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) operable to receive requests for resource access from the VMs. The system further comprises a CPU utilization monitor operable to determine an amount of CPU utilization of the VMM in processing the received requests that is attributable to each of the VMs.

摘要翻译： 根据至少一个实施例，一种方法包括观察从虚拟机（VM）到虚拟机监视器（VMM）的通信。 该方法还包括基于观察到的通信确定可归因于VM的VMM的CPU利用率。 根据至少一个实施例，系统包括中央处理单元（CPU），虚拟机（VM）以及可操作以从VM接收资源访问请求的虚拟机监视器（VMM）。 该系统还包括CPU利用监视器，其可操作以在处理可归因于每个VM的接收到的请求时确定VMM的CPU利用量。

公开(公告)号：US08786034B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-22

申请号：US13608022

申请日：2012-09-10

申请人： Robert D. Gardner ,  Keith M. Mason ,  Srinivasan Sridharan ,  Aziz S. Shaikh

发明人： Robert D. Gardner ,  Keith M. Mason ,  Srinivasan Sridharan ,  Aziz S. Shaikh

IPC分类号： H01L29/84

CPC分类号： C03C8/24 ,  C03C3/066 ,  C03C3/072 ,  C03C3/16 ,  C03C8/245 ,  H01L2224/48091 ,  H01L2224/48465 ,  H01L2924/16235 ,  H01L2924/00014

摘要： Hot-melt sealing glass compositions that include one or more glass frits dispersed in a polymeric binder system. The polymeric binder system is a solid at room temperature, but melts at a temperature of from about 35° C. to about 90° C., thereby forming a flowable liquid dispersion that can be applied to a substrate (e.g., a cap wafer and/or a device wafer of a MEMS device) by screen printing. Hot-melt sealing glass compositions according to the invention rapidly re-solidify and adhere to the substrate after being deposited by screen printing. Thus, they do not tend to spread out as much as conventional solvent-based glass frit bonding pastes after screen printing. And, because hot-melt sealing glass compositions according to the invention are not solvent-based systems, they do not need to be force dried after deposition.

摘要翻译： 包括分散在聚合物粘合剂体系中的一种或多种玻璃料的热熔密封玻璃组合物。 聚合物粘合剂体系在室温下为固体，但在约35℃至约90℃的温度下熔融，由此形成可流动的液体分散体，其可施加到基底（例如盖片和 /或MEMS器件的器件晶片）。 根据本发明的热熔密封玻璃组合物在通过丝网印刷沉积之后快速再固化并附着到基底上。 因此，它们在丝网印刷后不会像常规的溶剂型玻璃料粘合膏一样扩散。 而且，由于根据本发明的热熔密封玻璃组合物不是溶剂型体系，它们在沉积后不需要强力干燥。

公开(公告)号：US07676662B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-09

申请号：US10903613

申请日：2004-07-31

申请人： Robert D. Gardner

发明人： Robert D. Gardner

IPC分类号： G06F9/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/45533

摘要： In various embodiments of the present invention, a virtual monitor can arrange to properly emulate execution of a cover instruction by operating-system code, or other code assuming to run at highest privilege level, by monitoring a window of instruction execution in which a cover instruction may be executed. Upon occurrence of an interruption, the virtual monitor may configure performance monitoring by the IA-64 processor to count the number of times a cover instruction is executed. When a subsequent attempt is made by a routine executing at a privilege level lower than the highest privilege level to read the contents of a special control register into which the contents of the CFM register would have been stored had a cover instruction been executed under conditions obtainable only to code running at the highest privilege level, the virtual monitor can determine whether or not a cover instruction was, in fact, executed by the non-privilege routine and can properly emulate access to the special control register by the routine running at less than highest privilege level. In alternative embodiments, other non-privileged instructions that behave different depending on the privilege level of the processor at the time they execute can be virtualized by the virtualization technique used for the cover instruction.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的各种实施例中，虚拟监视器可以通过监视指令执行窗口，通过操作系统代码或假定以最高特权级别运行的其他代码来适当地模拟覆盖指令的执行，其中覆盖指令 可以执行。 在发生中断时，虚拟监视器可以配置IA-64处理器的性能监视以对覆盖指令的执行次数进行计数。 当在低于最高特权级别的特权级别执行的例程进行后续尝试以读取要存储CFM寄存器的内容的特殊控制寄存器的内容时​​，可以在可获得的条件下执行覆盖指令 虚拟监视器只能以最高权限级别运行的代码，可以确定封面指令是否实际上由非特权程序执行，并且可以正常地以小于等于运行的例程模拟对特殊控制寄存器的访问 最高特权级别。 在替代实施例中，根据处理器执行时的特权级别而行为不同的其他非特权指令可以由用于覆盖指令的虚拟化技术来虚拟化。

公开(公告)号：US20080028399A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11493506

申请日：2006-07-26

申请人： Diwaker Gupta ,  Ludmila Cherkasova ,  Robert D. Gardner

发明人： Diwaker Gupta ,  Ludmila Cherkasova ,  Robert D. Gardner

IPC分类号： G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F9/5077 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F11/3409 ,  G06F11/3452 ,  G06F2009/45591 ,  G06F2201/815 ,  G06F2201/88

摘要： A method comprises observing communication through a virtualized interface between at least one virtual machine (VM) and a driver domain. The method further comprises determining for each of the at least one VM, based on the observed communication through the virtualized interface, an amount of communication between the VM and the driver domain. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises determining for each of the at least one VM, based on the determined amount of communication between the VM and the driver domain, CPU utilization of the driver domain attributable to the VM. In certain embodiments, the driver domain comprises a network driver domain. In certain embodiments, the driver domain comprises an isolated network diver domain.

摘要翻译： 一种方法包括通过至少一个虚拟机（VM）和驱动器域之间的虚拟化接口观察通信。 该方法还包括基于通过虚拟化接口观察到的通信，确定VM和驱动器域之间的通信量，以确定至少一个VM中的每一个。 在某些实施例中，该方法还包括基于所确定的VM与驱动器域之间的通信量来确定对于至少一个VM中的每一个，可归因于VM的驱动器域的CPU利用率。 在某些实施例中，驱动器域包括网络驱动器域。 在某些实施例中，驱动器域包括隔离网络潜水域。

公开(公告)号：US20080028076A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11494187

申请日：2006-07-26

申请人： Diwaker Gupta ,  Ludmila Cherkasova ,  Robert D. Gardner

发明人： Diwaker Gupta ,  Ludmila Cherkasova ,  Robert D. Gardner

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： G06F9/4881 ,  G06F9/5077

摘要： A method comprises determining an amount to which resource usage by a driver domain on behalf of a given virtual machine (VM) is to be limited. The method further comprises controlling the resource usage by the driver domain on behalf of the given VM so as not to exceed the determined amount. A system comprises a VM, a driver domain, and a shared resource that is usable by the VM and by the driver domain. The system further comprises a controller for limiting usage of the shared resource by the driver domain on behalf of the VM to prevent the usage of the shared resource by the driver domain on behalf of the VM from exceeding a determined amount.

摘要翻译： 一种方法包括确定代表给定虚拟机（VM）的驱动器域的资源使用被限制的量。 该方法还包括代表给定的VM控制驱动器域的资源使用，以便不超过所确定的量。 系统包括VM，驱动程序域和可由VM和驱动程序域使用的共享资源。 该系统还包括一个控制器，用于代表VM限制驱动程序域对共享资源的使用，以防止驱动程序域代表VM使用共享资源超过确定的数量。

公开(公告)号：US07246213B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-17

申请号：US10902406

申请日：2004-07-28

申请人： Robert D. Gardner

发明人： Robert D. Gardner

IPC分类号： G06N5/00

CPC分类号： G06F13/4243

摘要： Methods and devices for monitoring transactions on a bus are disclosed herein. An embodiment of the device comprises a memory component and a comparator component. The memory component stores at least one address. The comparator component is operatively connected to the memory component and the bus. The comparator component compares an address transmitted over the bus with the stored address for purposes of identifying impermissible addresses. The device causes a transaction associated with an impermissible address to be aborted.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了用于监视总线上的事务的方法和装置。 该装置的实施例包括存储器部件和比较器部件。 存储器部件存储至少一个地址。 比较器组件可操作地连接到存储器组件和总线。 比较器组件将通过总线发送的地址与存储的地址进行比较，以便识别不允许的地址。 该设备导致与不允许的地址关联的事务被中止。

公开(公告)号：US07203822B2

公开(公告)日：2007-04-10

申请号：US10909802

申请日：2004-07-31

申请人： Robert D. Gardner

发明人： Robert D. Gardner

IPC分类号： G06F9/48

CPC分类号： G06F9/30043 ,  G06F9/30076 ,  G06F9/30101 ,  G06F9/30123 ,  G06F9/3013 ,  G06F9/30134 ,  G06F9/4484 ,  G06F9/462

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide full benefit of the cover instruction provided by the Intel IA-64 architecture to code running at less than highest privilege level. In one embodiment of the present invention, prior to execution of a cover instruction by non-privileged code, the code obtains and stores the contents of the current-frame-marker register in memory. Then, the code executes a cover instruction to obtain a new, empty register stack frame and to relegate the registers of previously allocated stack frames to the dirty-register status. Subsequently, the processor state represented by the register values of the stack frame that was current when the cover instruction was executed can be recovered by first executing another cover instruction, computing a previous-frame-marker-register value and placing the computed value into the previous-frame-marker register, executing a first branch (br.ret) return instruction, moving the saved contents of the current-frame-marker register from memory into the previous-frame-marker register, and executing a second branch return instruction.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例提供了由Intel IA-64架构提供的覆盖指令的全部优点，用于以不到最高特权级别运行代码。 在本发明的一个实施例中，在通过非特权代码执行封面指令之前，代码获得并将当前帧标记寄存器的内容存储在存储器中。 然后，代码执行覆盖指令以获得新的空寄存器堆栈帧，并将先前分配的堆栈帧的寄存器降级到脏寄存器状态。 随后，可以通过首先执行另一封面指令，计算前一帧标记寄存器值并将计算出的值放入到存储器中，由恢复覆盖指令执行的当前堆栈帧的寄存器值表示的处理器状态 前帧标记寄存器，执行第一分支（br.ret）返回指令，将当前帧标记寄存器的保存内容从存储器移动到前一帧标记寄存器，以及执行第二分支返回指令。