摘要:
The present disclosure relates to combusting fuel during cold start. A glow-plug may be provided within a combustion chamber having a volume including a piston, wherein the glow plug may provide a localized heated region. Air may then be provided into the chamber and compressed. A mass of fuel may also be provided into the combustion chamber, wherein an amount of the fuel mass may be directed towards the localized heated region of the glow plug, wherein the heated region of the glow plug may have a temperature T1, and the equivalence ratio of the fuel in the heated region achieves a value that the temperature T1 provides auto-ignition. All or a portion of the mass of fuel directed towards the heated region of said glow plug may be ignited, and then the remainder of the fuel may be ignited by auto-ignition and/or flame propagation.
摘要:
A control system for an internal combustion engine, wherein in the control system, an in-cylinder oxygen amount is calculated and a compression end temperature, which is a temperature of the pressurized air-fuel mixture, is calculated according to an intake air temperature. A fuel injection parameter is determined according to the compression end temperature, the in-cylinder oxygen amount, and an engine rotational speed. The fuel injector is controlled based on the determined fuel injection parameter. By determining the fuel injection parameter according to the compression end temperature in addition to the in-cylinder oxygen amount, the combustion state is adjusted when the compression end temperature is low, thereby maintaining a stable combustion state.
摘要:
High exhaust gas temperatures whereby sulfur is removed from a lean NOx traps simultaneously with regeneration of a Diesel particulate filter is provided by alternating engine operation in respectively defined lean and rich combustion modes. The duration and frequency of the respective lean and rich operating modes, as well as the air/fuel ratio during the respective modes, are preferably controlled by the sensed temperature of the lean NOx trap substrate.
摘要:
A direct injection type engine comprising a variable speed transmission. Engine control lines indicating the relationship between the engine rotational speed and required torque necessary for obtaining a required output are comprised of a first control line and a second control line at the high torque side and low speed side of the first control line. When the degree of activation of the exhaust gas purification device is low, the required torque and the engine rotational speed are made ones on the first control line in accordance with the required output, while when the degree of activation is high, the required torque and the engine rotational speed are made ones on the second control line in accordance with the required output.
摘要:
A fuel injection valve includes a fuel swirl generation device, a main fuel injection hole having a comparatively large diameter, and a subsidiary fuel injection hole having a comparatively small diameter. The inclination of the main fuel injection hole with respect to an axis of the fuel injection valve is small so that a fuel swirl remains in the fuel injected therethrough. The inclination of the subsidiary fuel injection hole is great so that the swirl operates so as to push out the fuel through the subsidiary fuel injection hole. The fuel injected through the main fuel injection hole spreads due to the centrifugal force acting on the swirling fuel without depending on an intake gas swirl. The fuel injected through the subsidiary fuel injection hole has a strong penetrating force and can reach the vicinity of a spark plug. This improves ignition without depending on an intake gas swirl. Thus, good combustion is obtained over an entire operation range of a direct fuel injection type engine.
摘要:
An air-flow based control system for an internal combustion engine has various sensors that are used to calculate various control commands. By comparing pairs of values calculated from different sensors, errors in connection with the sensors can be detected.
摘要:
A hybrid system for powering a vehicle and a method of controlling the hybrid system. The hybrid system has both an internal combustion engine and a motor/generator. The vehicle is controlled in response to the combination of states of five control parameters of the vehicle: polarity of the MG (positive or negative), relative rotor/stator speed, fueling of engine (on or off), clutch (on or off), and transmission shift position (drive, reverse, park). A control unit receives data from the vehicle representing these states, and determines an associated control mode. In at least one of the control modes, the engine both drives the vehicles and provides power to the generator.
摘要:
An air-flow based control system for an internal combustion engine has various sensors that are used to calculate various control commands. By comparing pairs of values calculated from different sensors, errors in connection with the sensors can be detected.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a method and formula for producing a fuel having reduced particulate emissions from an internal combustion engine. The fuel taught herein is characterized as having a cetane number ranging from about 45 to about 65, a T95 distillation property of less than about 370° C., and having NR, AR, cetane number and T95 defined by the relation: PEI=156+Z1×(cetane#−49)+Z2×(NR−14)+Z3×(AR−25)+Z4×(T95−315° C.) Where Z1 ranges from abut 0.67 to about 1.06, Z2 ranges from about 0.9 to about 1.28, Z3 ranges from about 2.54 to about 2.80, Z4 ranges from about 0.1 to about 0.4, NR is a defined correlation of the naphthene rings content in the fuel, and AR is a defined correlation of the aromatic rings content in the fuel.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种用于生产具有减少的来自内燃机的颗粒物排放的燃料的方法和配方。 本文教导的燃料的特征在于具有约45至约65的十六烷值,小于约370℃的T 95 C蒸馏性能,并且具有NR,AR,十六烷值和T 由<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“lead”?> PEI = 156 + Z <1> SUB>定义的< 十六烷-49)+ Z 2 x(NR-14)+ Z 3 x(AR-25)+ Z 4 x(T 95℃-315℃)<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>其中Z <1> SUB>范围为0.67 至约1.06,Z 2范围为约0.9至约1.28,Z 3 3范围为约2.54至约2.80,Z 4范围为约 0.1至约0.4,NR是燃料中环烷烃环含量的确定相关性,AR是燃料中芳环含量的确定相关性。
摘要:
High exhaust gas temperatures whereby sulfur is removed from a lean NOx traps simultaneously with regeneration of a Diesel particulate filter is provided by alternating engine operation in respectively defined lean and rich combustion modes. The duration and frequency of the respective lean and rich operating modes, as well as the air/fuel ratio during the respective modes, are preferably controlled by the sensed temperature of the lean NOx trap substrate.