公开(公告)号：US06339606B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-15

申请号：US09158847

申请日：1998-09-23

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： H01S500

CPC分类号： H01S5/10 ,  H01L33/0045 ,  H01S5/0655 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/1085 ,  H01S5/146 ,  H01S5/423 ,  H01S5/50

摘要： A semiconductor light source comprises superluminescent diodes (SLDs) disposed on a substrate having a facet, channels separating the SLDs, and a mode expander region. Each SLD has a diamond shaped active region such that the front and rear end of each SLD ends in a taper. The mode expander region is disposed on at least one side of the tapers of the SLDs and is tapered into a waveguide extending to said facet.

摘要翻译： 半导体光源包括设置在具有小面的衬底上的超发光二极管（SLD），分离SLD的通道和模式扩展器区域。 每个SLD具有菱形有源区域，使得每个SLD的前端和后端以锥形结束。 模式扩展器区域设置在SLD的锥形的至少一侧上，并且渐缩成延伸到所述小面的波导。

公开(公告)号：US4296371A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-20

申请号：US131044

申请日：1980-03-17

申请人： Eugene O. Keizer ,  Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Eugene O. Keizer ,  Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： G01B7/02 ,  G01R27/26 ,  G11B9/07

CPC分类号： G01B7/02 ,  G01R27/2605 ,  G11B9/07

摘要： A system for measuring shoe length of a stylus adapted to track a path along a surface of a video disc comprises positioning the tip of the stylus adjacent the surface of a substrate having a signal therein for effecting capacitive variations between the stylus and the substrate, and measuring the capacitive variations between the stylus and the substrate while they are oriented in a first position to obtain a first signal. The stylus is then tilted an angle of .theta. degrees relative to the substrate, whereby the stylus and substrate are oriented in a second position relative to each other. The capacitive variations are measured while the stylus and substrate are oriented in the second position to obtain a second signal. The first signal is then compared with the second signal to obtain a difference signal proportional to the shoe length of the stylus.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量适于跟踪沿视频盘表面的路径的触针的靴子长度的系统包括将触针的尖端定位成与其中具有信号的衬底的表面相邻，以实现触笔和衬底之间的电容性变化，以及 测量触针和衬底之间的电容变化，同时它们被定向在第一位置以获得第一信号。 然后，触针相对于基底倾斜θ度的角度，由此触针和基底相对于彼此被定向在第二位置。 测量电容变化，同时触笔和基板被定向在第二位置以获得第二信号。 然后将第一信号与第二信号进行比较以获得与触笔的鞋长度成比例的差信号。

公开(公告)号：US4197921A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-15

申请号：US894012

申请日：1978-04-06

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse ,  William C. Saunders, Jr.

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse ,  William C. Saunders, Jr.

IPC分类号： A61B17/225 ,  G10K11/02 ,  G10K11/30 ,  G10K11/00 ,  G01S3/80 ,  G10K11/06

CPC分类号： G10K11/02 ,  G10K11/30

摘要： The fabrication of ultrasonic-wave lenses and prisms using low-surface tension (poor adhesion) polyalkene sheet (such as polyethylene) as an impedance-matching quarter-wave anti-reflective layer is made possible by the use of certain very low surface-tension cements.

摘要翻译： 通过使用某些非常低的表面张力使得使用低表面张力（不良粘合）聚烯烃片（例如聚乙烯）作为阻抗匹配四分之一波长的抗反射层的制造是可能的 水泥

公开(公告)号：US20130308333A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-21

申请号：US13897369

申请日：2013-05-18

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： F21V8/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/0073 ,  H01L33/0045 ,  H01S5/1003 ,  H01S5/101 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/1085 ,  H01S5/14 ,  H01S5/50

摘要： A new class of optical source having a truncated waveguide is provided, where a guided section of a light generating medium is terminated at an angle at a predetermined distance away from one end facet of the waveguide, thereby leaving a section for unguided light propagation. A truncated waveguide when implemented in combination with waveguide tilt, effective front facet reflectivity is reduced significantly to eliminate unwanted facet reflections. By extending electrical pumping in the unguided propagation section, the light in the unguided path propagates to a corresponding end facet without attenuation. The reflected light propagates freely without being intercepted by the waveguide. The principles are incorporated in different types of light generating and amplifying medium including a “double-pass” gain medium for designing optical sources having significantly high output power and negligibly small spectral modulation arising from unwanted facet reflections.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种具有截头波导的新类型的光源，其中光产生介质的被引导部分以距离波导的一个端面一定的距离成一角度终止，从而留下用于非导向光传播的部分。 当与波导倾斜结合实现截止波导时，有效的正面反射率被显着降低以消除不想要的面反射。 通过在非导向传播部分中扩展电泵浦，非导向路径中的光传播到相应的端面而不衰减。 反射光自由地传播而不被波导截取。 这些原理被并入不同类型的光产生和放大介质中，包括一个“双通”增益介质，用于设计具有显着高的输出功率的光源和由不想要的小面反射引起的可忽略的小的光谱调制。

公开(公告)号：US07680378B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-16

申请号：US11684680

申请日：2007-03-12

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse ,  Mahesh Ajgaonkar ,  Robert Comizzoli ,  Rajeev Rohatgi ,  Michael Nguyen

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse ,  Mahesh Ajgaonkar ,  Robert Comizzoli ,  Rajeev Rohatgi ,  Michael Nguyen

IPC分类号： G02B6/06 ,  G02B6/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/262 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/02007 ,  A61B5/6852

摘要： A system and method which integrates a mirror at the fiber tip to the fiber tip and uses a tilted flat at the exit plane to prevent astigmatism caused by the cylindrical curvature of the fiber wall and minimize reflection.

摘要翻译： 将光纤尖端的反射镜与光纤尖端集成在一起的系统和方法，并在出射平面处使用倾斜的平面以防止由于纤维壁的圆柱形曲率引起的散光并使反射最小化。

公开(公告)号：US07488930B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-10

申请号：US11445514

申请日：2006-06-02

申请人： Mahesh Ajgaonkar ,  Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Mahesh Ajgaonkar ,  Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G01B9/0205 ,  G01B9/02028 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01B2290/70

摘要： A multi-channel low coherence interferometer having sensing and reference arms, at least one of which has variable delay. The sensing arm includes an optical switch for connecting to two or more probe arms. The distal ends of the probe arms collect source light backscattered from a sample. The backscattered light collected by the distal end of a probe arm is combined with reference light and a low coherence interferometric signal is produced by a sweep of a variable delay of the device or a sweep of a variable frequency laser light source. The interference signal produced by the interaction of reference and sensing light at a detector measures backscattered light, which may be used to characterize the sample. The low coherence interferometric signals can provide information about the morphology, physical nature, composition, and properties of the sample. The device may be used to discriminate between finished surfaces and corroded surfaces, healthy and diseased tissue, and can sample the material or tissue in two or more areas. Versions of the invention include devices that are interferometers and or autocorrelators.

摘要翻译： 具有感测和参考臂的多通道低相干干涉仪，其中至少一个具有可变的延迟。 感测臂包括用于连接到两个或更多个探针臂的光学开关。 探头臂的远端收集从样品反向散射的光源。 由探针臂的远端收集的背散射光与参考光结合，并且通过扫描可变延迟器件或扫描可变频率激光光源来产生低相干干涉信号。 在检测器处的​​参考和感测光的相互作用产生的干涉信号测量可以用于表征样品的反向散射光。 低相干干涉信号可以提供关于样品的形态，物理性质，组成和性质的信息。 该装置可以用于区分完成的表面和腐蚀的表面，健康和患病组织，并且可以在两个或更多个区域中对材料或组织进行采样。 本发明的版本包括作为干涉仪和/或自相关器的装置。

公开(公告)号：US07242480B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-10

申请号：US11039987

申请日：2005-01-21

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01B11/02

CPC分类号： G01N21/45 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/02007 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/6852 ,  A61B2562/0242 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01N21/4785 ,  G01N21/49

摘要： A method for determining a characteristic of tissue in a biological sample comprising: directing light at the biological sample at a first depth and receiving that light reflected from the biological; directing the light at a reflecting device and receiving that light reflected from the reflecting device. The method also includes: interfering the light reflected from the biological sample and the light reflected from the reflecting device; detecting light resulting from the interfering; and determining a first phase associated with the light resulting from the interfering based on the first depth. The method further includes: varying an effective light path length to define a second depth; determining a second phase associated with the light resulting from the interfering based on the second depth; and determining the characteristic of the biological sample from the first phase and the second phase.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定生物样品中组织特征的方法，包括：在第一深度处引导光生物样品并接收从生物学反射的光; 将光引导到反射装置并接收从反射装置反射的光。 该方法还包括：干扰从生物样品反射的光和从反射装置反射的光; 检测由干扰产生的光; 以及基于所述第一深度确定与由所述干扰产生的光相关联的第一阶段。 该方法还包括：改变有效光路长度以限定第二深度; 确定与基于所述第二深度的所述干扰产生的光相关联的第二阶段; 以及从第一阶段和第二阶段确定生物样本的特性。

公开(公告)号：US07184148B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-27

申请号：US10845849

申请日：2004-05-14

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01N21/45 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01N21/4785 ,  G01N21/49

摘要： A method for determining a characteristic of an analyte in a biological sample, the method comprising: directing broadband light by means of a sensing light path at the biological sample, at a target depth defined by the sensing light path and a reference light path; and receiving the broadband light reflected from the biological sample by means of the sensing light path. The method also includes: directing the broadband light by means of the reference light path at a reflecting device; receiving the broadband light reflected from the reflecting device by means of the reference light path; and interfering the broadband light reflected from the biological sample and the broadband light reflected from the reflecting device. The method further includes: detecting the broadband light resulting from interference of the broadband light reflected from the biological sample and the broadband light reflected from the reflecting device; and modulating an effective light path length of at least one of the reference light path and the sensing light path to enhance interference of the broadband light reflected from the biological sample and the broadband light reflected from the reflecting device. The method continues with: determining a magnitude of change of the effective light path length introduced by the modulating when interference is enhanced; determining a variation in an index of refraction from a ratio of the magnitude of change of the effective light path length and the target depth; and determining the characteristic of the analyte in the biological sample from the variation in the index of refraction.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定生物样品中的分析物的特征的方法，所述方法包括：在由感测光路和参考光路定义的目标深度处，通过生物样品处的感测光路引导宽带光; 以及通过感测光路接收从生物样品反射的宽带光。 该方法还包括：通过参考光路在反射装置处引导宽带光; 通过参考光路接收从反射装置反射的宽带光; 并且干扰从生物样品反射的宽带光和从反射装置反射的宽带光。 该方法还包括：检测由生物样品反射的宽带光和从反射装置反射的宽带光的干扰产生的宽带光; 并且调制参考光路和感测光路中的至少一个的有效光路长度，以增强从生物样本反射的宽带光和从反射装置反射的宽带光的干涉。 该方法继续：确定当干扰增强时通过调制引入的有效光路长度的变化幅度; 根据有效光路长度的变化幅度与目标深度的比率确定折射率的变化; 以及根据折射率的变化确定生物样品中分析物的特性。

公开(公告)号：US06937780B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-30

申请号：US10220897

申请日：2001-02-23

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/125 ,  H01L33/00 ,  H01S3/063 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/14

CPC分类号： G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/1228 ,  G02B2006/12107 ,  G02B2006/12119 ,  G02B2006/12123 ,  H01L33/0045 ,  H01S3/063 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/14

摘要： An optical device (300) including first and second facets (340, 350); an at least partially bent waveguide (320) formed on a substrate and including a portion perpendicular to the first facet; and a light amplification region (310) coupled to the bent waveguide. The light amplification region includes an expanding tapered portion and a contracting tapered portion which approaches the second facet.

摘要翻译： 一种包括第一和第二面（340,350）的光学装置（300）; 至少部分弯曲的波导（320），其形成在基板上并且包括垂直于所述第一面的部分; 以及耦合到弯曲波导的光放大区域（310）。 光放大区域包括扩展锥形部分和接近第二小面的收缩锥形部分。

公开(公告)号：US06417524B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

申请号：US09205575

申请日：1998-12-04

申请人： Gerard A. Alphonse

发明人： Gerard A. Alphonse

IPC分类号： H01L3300

CPC分类号： H01L33/38 ,  H01L33/0045 ,  H04N7/102 ,  H04N7/104

摘要： Light emitting diodes each comprising a body of semiconductor material having a first side surface, a second side surface, and a top surface; and a stripe of conductive material over the top surface of the body. The stripe has a first segment and a second segment, each extending from the first side surface to the second side surface of the body. The first and second segments of the stripe are configured such that they are substantially non-parallel, and the width of the stripe at its ends is less than the width of the stripe intermediate its ends.

摘要翻译： 发光二极管各自包括具有第一侧表面，第二侧表面和顶表面的半导体材料体; 以及在身体顶表面上的导电材料条纹。 条带具有第一段和第二段，每个段从主体的第一侧表面延伸到第二侧表面。 条带的第一和第二段被配置成使得它们基本上不平行，并且条纹在其端部处的宽度小于其端部之间条纹的宽度。