Abstract:
Apparatus for modifying engine valve lift to produce an engine valve event in an internal combustion engine, the engine including at least one exhaust valve and an exhaust valve lifter for cyclically opening and closing the at least one exhaust valve, includes (a) an actuator for operating the at least one exhaust valve to produce said modified engine valve lift, said actuator having an inoperative position and an operative position; in said inoperative position said actuator being disengaged from the operation of the at least one exhaust valve, and in said operative position said actuator opening the at least one exhaust valve for said engine valve event; and (b) a controller for moving said actuator between said inoperative position and said operative position.
Abstract:
A system and method of actuating one or more engine valves is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system comprises: a valve train element; a rocker arm pivotally mounted on a shaft and adapted to rotate between a first position and a second position, the rocker arm selectively receiving motion from the valve train element; a valve bridge disposed above the one or more engine valves; and a lost motion system disposed in the valve bridge.
Abstract:
Apparatus for modifying engine valve lift to produce an engine valve event in an internal combustion engine comprises actuation means (100) for operating at least one exhaust valve (300a or 300), and control means (50) for moving the actuation means (100) between its inoperative position (0) and operative position (1). In the inoperative position (0), the actuation means (100) is disengaged from the at least one exhaust valve (300a or 300), and in the operative position (1), the actuation means (100) holds open the at least one exhaust valve (300a or 300) to produce the modified engine valve lift for the engine valve event, which includes an engine braking event (10). The actuation means (100) includes a motion limiting means for controlling movement of the actuation means (100) between the inoperative position (0) and the operative position (1), which occurs after the at least one exhaust valve (300a or 300) is actuated by the normal exhaust valve lifter (200). The actuation means (100) also includes a lash adjusting system for setting a lash (132) between the actuation means (100) and the at least one exhaust valve (300a or 300). The actuation means (100) further includes mechanical linkage means for transmitting load generated by the engine valve event to a housing (125). The mechanical linkage means include at least one system selected from the group consisting of: a rotatable device, a slidable device, a ball-locking device, and a toggle device. The actuation means (100) can be integrated into a valve bridge (400) and other valve train components, such as a rocker arm, wherein a plunger (136) is slidably disposed between the inoperative position (0) and the operative position (1). The control means (50) comprises at least one means selected from the group consisting of: hydraulic means, mechanical means, electric means, magnetic means, and a combination thereof.
Abstract:
A fuel dispenser including a fuel delivery path configured to deliver fuel to a vehicle, a display configured to display the total dispensed fuel volume, and a fuel meter configured to measure a fuel delivery rate. A data set having a plurality of fuel volume compensation values corresponding to a plurality of fuel delivery rate values, and a microprocessor configured to calculate a volume of fuel dispensed and retrieve a fuel volume compensation value. The fuel meter measures the fuel delivery rate at the time of the event, the microprocessor determines which fuel delivery rate value corresponds to the fuel delivery rate, retrieves the corresponding fuel volume compensation value, and adds the retrieved fuel volume compensation value to the calculated volume of fuel dispensed to obtain the total dispensed fuel volume.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for providing bleeder-type and compression-release engine braking in an internal combustion engine are disclosed. For bleeder-type engine braking, the exhaust valve is maintained at a small and relatively constant lift throughout all or much of the engine cycle. The engine braking may be combined with exhaust gas recirculation, variable exhaust brake, and/or operation of a variable geometry turbocharger.
Abstract:
A system and method for actuating one or more engine valves to produce an engine valve event is disclosed. The system may comprise: a housing; an accumulator disposed in the housing having a first open end and a second open end; a master piston slidably disposed in a first bore formed in the housing; a valve train element(s) for imparting motion to the master piston; and a slave piston slidably disposed in a second bore formed in the housing, the slave piston in fluid communication with the master piston through a high pressure hydraulic passage, wherein the first open end and the second open end of the accumulator are in communication with the high pressure hydraulic passage to selectively modify the imparted motion.
Abstract:
A monomer composition characterized by being curable to form a resin suitable for optical products having a balanced refractive index and Abbe's number range and good tintability comprising a polyene monomer; and polyisocyanate, polyisothiocyanate, or an isocyanate monomer containing at least one isothiocyanate group; and a monomer having two or more active hydrogen groups such as polythiols, polyamines, and polyols. The invention also provides a special process for making the composition and for curing the composition to form a resin product.
Abstract:
An auxiliary valve actuating mechanism of an engine includes a first valve actuating mechanism and an auxiliary valve actuating mechanism. The auxiliary valve actuating mechanism comprises an auxiliary cam, an auxiliary rocker-arm shaft, an auxiliary rocker arm, an eccentric rocker arm bushing and a bushing actuation device. One end of the auxiliary rocker arm constitutes a motion pair with the auxiliary cam and the other end is above the valve. The bushing actuation device actuates the eccentric rocker arm bushing to rotate between an operating position and a non-operating position.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an active peptide purified from scorpions, and derivatives, analogs and active fragment which are produced by using genetic engineering technology. The analgesic active peptide VGG is extracted, separated and purified from scorpion, and its amino acid sequence is shown as below: VKDGYIADDRNCPYFCGRNAYCDGECKKNRAESGYCQWASKYGNACWCY KLPDDARIMKPGRCNGG. The present invention further provides a use of the peptides in preparation of an analgesic drug, where the peptide is mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to prepare into forms for injection, oral administration, transdermal absorption, and transmucosal absorption.
Abstract:
A reset rocker arm braking method and device are provided. A braking piston hole and an oil drain piston hole which are communicated with a braking oil supply passage are arranged inside a rocker arm, and an oil drain passage is arranged between the braking piston hole and the oil drain piston hole. When the rocker arm is driven by a braking cam lobe of a cam, an exhaust valve is opened to realize braking by a braking piston inside the braking piston hole. When the rocker arm is driven by an exhaust cam lobe of the cam, the rocker arm drives an oil drain piston in the oil drain piston hole to open the oil drain passage to discharge oil, and the lift profile of the exhaust valve is reset and reduced to a conventional exhaust valve lift profile without an engine braking.