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    Patterned photo cathode and its fabrication method for electron image projection
    21.
    发明授权
    Patterned photo cathode and its fabrication method for electron image projection 失效
    图形照相阴影及其电子图像投影的制作方法

    公开(公告)号：US5118952A

    公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

    申请号：US605008

    申请日：1990-10-24

    Applicant: Kiichi Sakamoto ,  Hiroshi Yasuda ,  Jinko Kudou ,  Akio Yamada

    Inventor： Kiichi Sakamoto ,  Hiroshi Yasuda ,  Jinko Kudou ,  Akio Yamada

    IPC: G03F1/00 ,  G03F1/20 ,  H01J1/34 ,  H01J9/12 ,  H01J37/317 ,  H01L21/027

    CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01J1/34 ,  H01J37/3175 ,  H01J9/12 ,  H01J2201/3425 ,  H01J2201/3426 ,  H01J2237/31779

    Abstract: A photo cathode used for an electron image projection apparatus has a silver layer as a photo electric material and a layer of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, such as cesium, coated on the silver layer. The cesium is as thick as several atomic layers, and reduces the work function of the photo cathode. The silver layer may be coated all over a substrate, and portions other than the cathode may be masked by a non photoelectric metal, or non transparent metal, such as platinum. Or, the silver layer may be patterned on the layer of a non photoelectric metal coated on the substrate. An excitation light to the photo cathode may be irradiated onto the surface of the silver, or onto the back of the silver layer through a transparent substrate. After depositing the cesium layer on the silver, the layers are heated in a vacuum at 50.degree. to 200.degree. C., thus a contrast ratio, i.e. ratio of electron current from the cathode and from the non cathode portion, is achieved as high as 20. This low temperature heat processing prevents lateral diffusion of the mask metal, resulting in a sharp edge of the cathode pattern. Silver and the cesium thereon are not susceptive to open air atmosphere, thus allowing long life and easy handling for an efficient lithography processing. The low absorption edge of the silver allows the use of a high pressure mercury lamp whose light is easily focused by a lens.

    Photocathode and method of manufacturing the same
    23.
    发明授权
    Photocathode and method of manufacturing the same 失效
    光电阴极及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US4950952A

    公开(公告)日：1990-08-21

    申请号：US408462

    申请日：1989-09-15

    Applicant: Yoshimitsu Aramaki

    Inventor： Yoshimitsu Aramaki

    IPC: H01J9/12 ,  H01J29/38

    CPC classification number: H01J29/385 ,  H01J9/12 ,  H01J2201/3425 ,  H01J2201/3426

    Abstract: The present invention provides a photocathode which is formed on a substrate consisting of polycrystalline members, and which mainly consists of a semimetal, manganese or silver, and one or a plurality of alkaline metals, characterized in that the photocathode is formed on an alkaline metal oxide layer formed on the substrate, and a composition ratio of the semimetal, manganese or silver, and the one or a plurality of alkaline metals is stoichiometric or almost stoichiometric. The photocathode of the present invention has high sensitivity and can stably maintain the sensitivity for a long period of time.

    Infrared detection
    25.
    发明授权
    Infrared detection 失效
    红外线检测

    公开(公告)号：US4591717A

    公开(公告)日：1986-05-27

    申请号：US604861

    申请日：1984-04-27

    Applicant: Werner Scherber

    Inventor： Werner Scherber

    IPC: H01J1/34 ,  H01J9/12 ,  H01J9/233 ,  G01J1/00

    CPC classification number: H01J9/12 ,  H01J1/34 ,  H01J2201/3425

    Abstract: An infrared detector includes a vacuum tube containing a photo sensitive layer comprised of densely packed needles arranged vertically on a substrate and having been grown as metal whiskers in a porous portion of the substrate. The substrate includes a metallic layer either in contact with or insulated from the needles depending upon the mode of the detecting system. The needles may face the incoming radiation, or may face away therefrom, in which case at least part of the substrate has to be transparent to infrared radiation. The radiation is either acquired directly or through an infrared optic or through a raster or line-scanning system. Photo emission from the needles can be used either directly for the production of an image or indirectly through a scanning process. The diameter and distance of the needles is significantly smaller than the radiation band to be detected.

    Abstract translation: 一种红外检测器包括一个真空管，该真空管含有一个感光层，该光敏层由垂直安装在基底上的密集填充针组成，并且已经在基底的多孔部分中生长为金属晶须。 基于检测系统的模式，基板包括与针接触或与针绝缘的金属层。 针可能面向入射的辐射，或者可能面向远离，在这种情况下，至少部分基底必须对红外辐射是透明的。 辐射是直接或通过红外光学器件或通过光栅或线扫描系统获得的。 来自针的照射发射可以直接用于生产图像或通过扫描过程间接使用。 针的直径和距离显着小于待检测的辐射带。

    Photoemitter structure including porous layer of photoemissive material
    26.
    发明授权
    Photoemitter structure including porous layer of photoemissive material 失效
    摄影结构，包括多孔材料的多孔层

    公开(公告)号：US3809941A

    公开(公告)日：1974-05-07

    申请号：US27077472

    申请日：1972-07-11

    Applicant: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

    Inventor： BOURG H ,  CROMWELL R ,  BURNIE G ,  NICHOLSON J

    IPC: H01J1/34

    CPC classification number: H01J1/34 ,  H01J2201/3423 ,  H01J2201/3425

    Abstract: A photoemitter of improved quantum efficiency is formed by smoke or low density deposition of photoemissive materials on a substrate. Significantly, the photoemissive layer is deposited in the presence of a low pressure gas to form a layer whose density is not greater than 20% and preferably not greater than 5% of the photoemissive material in its bulk form. Individual particle size is controlled and deposited particles are isolated, affording greater surface contact area with the subsequently deposited constituent materials of the photoemissive surface, thereby enhancing interaction and increasing the photoelectron emission. The low density, randomly oriented smoke deposits provide a photosensitive surface characterized by high absorption, low reflective losses, and low transmissive losses. The spectral response curve of smoke photoemitters peaks further into the red or near infrared region than prior art devices, rendering the smoke photoemitters of the invention ideally suited for use as near infrared sensors in low light level imaging system.

    Abstract translation: 通过烟雾或光致发光材料在衬底上的低密度沉积形成提高量子效率的光电发生器。 重要的是，在低压气体的存在下沉积光发射层以形成密度不大于散装形式的光发射材料的20％，优选不大于5％的层。 单独的粒度被控制，并且沉积的颗粒被分离，与随后沉积的光发射表面的构成材料提供更大的表面接触面积，从而增强相互作用并增加光电子发射。 低密度，随机取向的烟雾沉积物提供了以高吸收，低反射损失和低透射损耗为特征的感光表面。 烟雾光谱仪的光谱响应曲线比现有技术的装置进一步高于红色或近红外区域，使得本发明的烟雾发光体理想地适合用作低光级成像系统中的近红外传感器。

    Tunnel electron emitter cathode
    27.
    发明授权
    Tunnel electron emitter cathode 失效
    隧道电子发射器阴极

    公开(公告)号：US3706920A

    公开(公告)日：1972-12-19

    申请号：US3706920D

    申请日：1971-03-18

    Applicant: US ARMY

    Inventor： CALDWELL LARRY V ,  MILLER BRIAN S

    IPC: H01J1/312 ,  H01J1/34 ,  H01L3/00 ,  H01L5/00

    CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 ,  H01J1/312 ,  H01J1/34 ,  H01J2201/3425

    Abstract: A high efficiency tunnel electron emitter in which a unique emitting layer is applied to the insulator layer of a metalinsulator-emitting layer structure. The emitting layer consists of a low work function material such as cesium that is deposited directly on the insulator layer, a thin layer of a conductive metal that is deposited onto the cesium, and an exposed surface of the conductive metal having a layer of cesium oxide applied thereto to lower the work function. The amount of cesium deposited on the insulator layer is critical and is monitored for the proper amount during deposit.

    Abstract translation: 一种高效隧道电子发射器，其中独特的发光层被施加到金属 - 绝缘体发射层结构的绝缘体层。 发光层由直接沉积在绝缘体层上的诸如铯的低功函数材料，沉积在铯上的导电金属薄层以及具有氧化铯层的导电金属的暴露表面组成 施加到其上以降低功函数。 沉积在绝缘体层上的铯的量是关键的，并且在沉积期间被监测适当的量。

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