OUTPUT TORQUE CALCULATING APPARATUS AND CALCULATING METHOD
    31.
    发明申请
    OUTPUT TORQUE CALCULATING APPARATUS AND CALCULATING METHOD 有权
    输出扭矩计算装置和计算方法

    公开(公告)号:US20100004835A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-07

    申请号:US12490473

    申请日:2009-06-24

    IPC分类号: G06F19/00

    摘要: First target torque of an engine is set based on a driver's operation, a vehicle behavior, and a request for shifting gears of an automatic transmission. The engine is controlled such that the difference between the first target torque and the actual output torque of the engine is reduced. Detection torque is calculated from an operation state of the engine. In consideration of dead time in control of the engine, calculation torque is calculated from the first target torque. In addition, first lookahead torque with the dead time in the engine being removed is calculated by feedback-correcting the first target torque according to an error e between the detection torque and the calculation torque.

    摘要翻译: 发动机的第一目标扭矩基于驾驶员的操作,车辆行为和自动变速器的变速器的请求来设定。 发动机被控制成使得发动机的第一目标转矩和实际输出转矩之间的差减小。 从发动机的运转状态算出检测转矩。 考虑到发动机的控制中的死区时间,根据第一目标转矩计算出计算转矩。 此外,通过根据检测转矩和计算转矩之间的误差e对第一目标转矩进行反馈校正来计算在发动机中的死区时间的第一预先转矩。

    Image forming apparatus having a fixing device with improved temperature detection features
    32.
    发明授权
    Image forming apparatus having a fixing device with improved temperature detection features 失效
    具有具有改善的温度检测特征的定影装置的图像形成装置

    公开(公告)号:US07231158B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-06-12

    申请号:US11010269

    申请日:2004-12-14

    IPC分类号: G03G15/20

    CPC分类号: G03G15/2057

    摘要: An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device having a pressure roller. The surface of the pressure roller is coated with a PFA resin and has an average surface roughness Ra of 0.05 to 0.13 μm. A thermister is provided to detect the surface temperature of the pressure roller. The thermister includes a metal plate, a resister element attached to the metal plate, and a pair of fluorocarbon-resin films sandwiching the metal plate and the resister element. The fluorocarbon-resin film has a thickness of 15 μm to 80 μm.

    摘要翻译: 图像形成装置包括具有加压辊的定影装置。 压辊的表面涂有PFA树脂,平均表面粗糙度Ra为0.05〜0.13μm。 提供热敏电阻以检测压力辊的表面温度。 热敏电阻包括金属板,附着在金属板上的电阻元件和夹在金属板和电阻元件上的一对碳氟树脂膜。 氟碳树脂膜的厚度为15μm至80μm。

    Clutch device
    35.
    发明授权
    Clutch device 失效
    离合器装置

    公开(公告)号:US5701983A

    公开(公告)日:1997-12-30

    申请号:US600027

    申请日:1996-02-12

    CPC分类号: F16D25/02

    摘要: A clutch device with a cam mechanism is provided, which is free from drag loss when the phase is switched from a state wherein the cam mechanism is operative to a state wherein it is inoperative. A cam groove 1c and a recess 1d are formed on the inner surface 1a of a piston, and a cam groove 3c and a projection 3d to be inserted into the recess 1d are formed on the inner surface 3a of a pressure plate 3. Between the cam grooves 1c and the 3c is interposed a cam roller 2 loosely retained by a roller cage 4. When the hydraulic pressure is applied to the back surface 1b of the piston 1 while a C.sub.3 clutch disk 5 rotates faster than the piston 1, the cam mechanism is operative to carry out the engagement operation. On the contrary, when the application of the hydraulic pressure is interrupted while the C.sub.3 clutch disk 5 rotates slower than the piston 1, the engagement is released. Meanwhile, the riding of the cam roller 2 over the cam elements is avoidable by the recess 1d and the projection 3d.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种具有凸轮机构的离合器装置,当相位从凸轮机构工作的状态切换到其不工作的状态时,没有阻力损失。 在活塞的内表面1a上形成有凸轮槽1c和凹槽1d,并且在压板3的内表面3a上形成凸轮槽3c和插入凹槽1d的凸起3d。 凸轮槽1c和3c插入由滚子保持架4松动地保持的凸轮辊2.当C3离合器盘5比活塞1旋转得更快时,当将液压施加到活塞1的后表面1b时,凸轮 机构可操作地执行接合操作。 相反,当C3离合器盘5比活塞1旋转慢时,当液压的施加中断时,接合被解除。 同时,通过凹部1d和凸起3d可以避免凸轮滚子2在凸轮元件上方的骑行。

    Hydraulic clutch system with flywheel
    36.
    发明授权
    Hydraulic clutch system with flywheel 失效
    带飞轮的液压离合器系统

    公开(公告)号:US5695032A

    公开(公告)日:1997-12-09

    申请号:US693797

    申请日:1996-07-31

    摘要: A flywheel (FW) includes a front cover as a first mass member (102), an inner plate as a second mass member (104), and a coiled spring as a damper member (106) which is interposed between the first and second mass members. A clutch or a clutch body (108) is disposed so as to be connectible with and disconnectible from the inner plate (104) by hydraulic pressures (P0, P1). The front cover (102) and the inner plate (104) are united through a friction plate as coupling means (110) by the hydraulic pressures (P0, P1) for connecting and disconnecting the clutch (108). Thus, the first and second mass members (102, 104) can be united by the simple construction of low cost. Furthermore the uniting operation, inclusive of its synchronization with the control of the clutch body (108), can be precisely controlled.

    摘要翻译: 飞轮(FW)包括作为第一质量构件(102)的前盖,作为第二质量构件(104)的内板和作为阻尼构件(106)的螺旋弹簧,所述螺旋弹簧介于第一和第二质量 会员 离合器或离合器本体(108)通过液压(P0,P1)设置成可与内板(104)连接并与其分离。 前盖(102)和内板(104)通过用于连接和断开离合器(108)的液压(P0,P1)的作为联接装置(110)的摩擦板联合在一起。 因此,可以通过简单的低成本结构来组合第一和第二质量构件(102,104)。 此外,可以精确地控制包括其与离合器主体(108)的控制的同步的联合操作。

    Output torque calculating apparatus and calculating method
    38.
    发明授权
    Output torque calculating apparatus and calculating method 有权
    输出扭矩计算装置及计算方法

    公开(公告)号:US08185283B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-05-22

    申请号:US12490473

    申请日:2009-06-24

    IPC分类号: G06F19/00

    摘要: First target torque of an engine is set based on a driver's operation, a vehicle behavior, and a request for shifting gears of an automatic transmission. The engine is controlled such that the difference between the first target torque and the actual output torque of the engine is reduced. Detection torque is calculated from an operation state of the engine. In consideration of dead time in control of the engine, calculation torque is calculated from the first target torque. In addition, first lookahead torque with the dead time in the engine being removed is calculated by feedback-correcting the first target torque according to an error e between the detection torque and the calculation torque.

    摘要翻译: 发动机的第一目标扭矩基于驾驶员的操作,车辆行为和自动变速器的变速器的请求来设定。 发动机被控制成使得发动机的第一目标转矩和实际输出转矩之间的差减小。 从发动机的运转状态算出检测转矩。 考虑到发动机的控制中的死区时间,根据第一目标转矩计算出计算转矩。 此外,通过根据检测转矩和计算转矩之间的误差e对第一目标转矩进行反馈校正来计算在发动机中的死区时间的第一预先转矩。

    Electrostatic recording apparatus and its recording method
    39.
    发明授权
    Electrostatic recording apparatus and its recording method 失效
    静电记录装置及其记录方法

    公开(公告)号:US5828930A

    公开(公告)日:1998-10-27

    申请号:US828171

    申请日:1997-03-18

    摘要: An electrostatic recording apparatus using an ion flow is constructed by: a recording paper inserting slot into which a recording paper as a recording medium is inserted; a humidistat for reducing a moisture content of the recording paper; a latent image forming unit for forming an electrostatic latent image onto the recording paper; a charge amount detecting unit for measuring a charge amount of the recording paper; developing units corresponding to respective colors; and a recording paper ejecting slot for ejecting the recording paper. Thus, an electrostatic latent image can be directly stably formed on a general paper.

    摘要翻译: 使用离子流的静电记录装置通过以下方式构成:将记录纸作为记录介质插入的记录纸插入槽; 用于减少记录纸的含水量的湿度计; 潜像形成单元,用于将静电潜像形成在记录纸上; 用于测量记录纸的电荷量的电荷量检测单元; 对应于各种颜色的显影单元; 以及用于喷射记录纸的记录纸弹出槽。 因此,可以在普通纸上直接稳定地形成静电潜像。

    Wet type clutch
    40.
    发明授权
    Wet type clutch 失效
    湿式离合器

    公开(公告)号:US5456343A

    公开(公告)日:1995-10-10

    申请号:US220709

    申请日:1994-03-31

    IPC分类号: F16D69/00 F16H45/02 F16D33/18

    摘要: A wet type clutch which has its piston moved by the difference of the pressure in two oil chambers at the two sides of the piston while shutting the communication between the two oil chambers with a friction member adhered to either of the piston or a front cover to be engaged by the piston. An annular groove for communicating with such one of the two oil chambers as will take a lower pressure when the clutch is applied is formed in the surface, to which the friction member is adhered, and/or the adhered surface of the friction member itself, to reduce the pressure acting to return the piston. A seal or high porosity material may also be used to reduce the oil pressure acting on the piston.

    摘要翻译: 一种湿式离合器,其活塞通过活塞两侧的两个油室中的压力差移动,同时用粘附到活塞或前盖上的摩擦构件关闭两个油室之间的连通, 被活塞接合。 用于与两个油室中的这一个连通的环形凹槽在摩擦件附着的表面和/或摩擦件本身的粘附表面上形成在施加离合器时的较低压力, 以减小作用以使活塞返回的压力。 也可以使用密封或高孔隙率材料来降低作用在活塞上的油压。