公开(公告)号：US07518905B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-14

申请号：US11266776

申请日：2005-11-02

申请人： David F Bocian ,  Werner G Kuhr ,  Jonathan Lindsey ,  Peter Christian Clausen ,  Daniel Tomasz Gryko

发明人： David F Bocian ,  Werner G Kuhr ,  Jonathan Lindsey ,  Peter Christian Clausen ,  Daniel Tomasz Gryko

IPC分类号： G11C11/00

CPC分类号： H01L51/0078 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C07D487/22 ,  C07D519/00 ,  C07F17/02 ,  G11B9/14 ,  G11B9/149 ,  G11C11/5664 ,  G11C13/0009 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/0016 ,  G11C13/0069 ,  G11C13/025 ,  G11C2013/009 ,  G11C2213/15 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  H01L27/28 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/009 ,  H01L51/0595

摘要： This invention provides novel high density memory devices that are electrically addressable permitting effective reading and writing, that provide a high memory density (e.g., 1015 bits/cm3), that provide a high degree of fault tolerance, and that are amenable to efficient chemical synthesis and chip fabrication. The devices are intrinsically latchable, defect tolerant, and support destructive or non-destructive read cycles. In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a fixed electrode electrically coupled to a storage medium having a multiplicity of different and distinguishable oxidation states wherein data is stored in said oxidation states by the addition or withdrawal of one or more electrons from said storage medium via the electrically coupled electrode.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了新颖的高密度存储器件，其可电寻址以允许有效读取和写入，其提供高存储密度（例如，1015比特/ cm 3），其提供高度的容错性，并且适于有效的化学合成 和芯片制造。 器件本质上可锁定，缺陷容忍，并支持破坏性或非破坏性的读取周期。 在优选实施例中，该装置包括电耦合到存储介质的固定电极，该存储介质具有多种不同且可区分的氧化态，其中通过经由该存储介质从所述存储介质中添加或撤出一个或多个电子而将数据存储在所述氧化态中 电耦合电极。

公开(公告)号：US07074519B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-11

申请号：US10046499

申请日：2001-10-26

申请人： Werner G. Kuhr ,  David F. Bocian ,  Zhiming Liu ,  Amir Yasseri

发明人： Werner G. Kuhr ,  David F. Bocian ,  Zhiming Liu ,  Amir Yasseri

IPC分类号： G11C11/00 ,  G11C13/00

CPC分类号： H01L29/82 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G01N27/3278 ,  G01N33/5438 ,  G11C11/5664 ,  G11C13/0009 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/0016 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  H01M2/02 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/602 ,  H01M6/40 ,  H01M10/0436

摘要： This invention provides a new design and fabrication for a three-dimensional crossbar architecture embedding a sub-micron or nanometer sized hole (called a molehole) in each cross-region. Each molehole is an electrochemical cell consisting of two or more sectional surfaces separated by a non-conductor (e.g. a dialectric layer and solid electrolyte). When used in electrochemical molecular memory device (EMMD), the architecture provides unique features such as a nano-scale electroactive surface, no interaction between memory elements, and easier miniaturization and integration.

公开(公告)号：US07042755B1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-09

申请号：US10019377

申请日：2000-06-28

申请人： David F. Bocian ,  Werner G. Kuhr ,  Jonathan Lindsey ,  Peter Christian Clausen ,  Daniel Tomasz Gryko

发明人： David F. Bocian ,  Werner G. Kuhr ,  Jonathan Lindsey ,  Peter Christian Clausen ,  Daniel Tomasz Gryko

IPC分类号： G11C7/00

CPC分类号： H01L51/0078 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C07D487/22 ,  C07D519/00 ,  C07F17/02 ,  G11B9/14 ,  G11B9/149 ,  G11C11/5664 ,  G11C13/0009 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/0016 ,  G11C13/0069 ,  G11C13/025 ,  G11C2013/009 ,  G11C2213/15 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  H01L27/28 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/009 ,  H01L51/0595

摘要： This invention provides novel high density memory devices (FIG. 3) that are electrically addressable permitting effective reading and writing, that provide a high memory density (102), that provide a high degree of fault tolerance, and that are amenable to efficient chemical synthesis and chip fabrication. The devices arc intrinsically latchable, defect tolerant, and support destructive or non-destructive read cycles. In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a fixed electrode electrically coupled to a storage medium having a multiplicity of different and distinguishable oxidation states wherein data is stored in said oxidation states by the addition or withdrawal of one or more electrons from said storage medium via the electrically coupled electrode.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了新颖的高密度存储器件（图3），它们是可电寻址的，允许有效读取和写入，提供高存储密度（102），其提供高度的容错性，并且适于有效的化学合成 和芯片制造。 器件本身可锁定，缺陷容错，并支持破坏性或非破坏性的读取周期。 在优选实施例中，该装置包括电耦合到存储介质的固定电极，该存储介质具有多种不同且可区分的氧化态，其中通过经由该存储介质从所述存储介质中添加或撤出一个或多个电子而将数据存储在所述氧化态中 电耦合电极。

公开(公告)号：US06294392B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-25

申请号：US09358204

申请日：1999-07-21

申请人： Werner G. Kuhr ,  Pankaj Singhal ,  Sara Ann Brazill

发明人： Werner G. Kuhr ,  Pankaj Singhal ,  Sara Ann Brazill

IPC分类号： G01N33543

CPC分类号： G01N33/54366 ,  B01L3/5027 ,  B01L2200/16 ,  B01L2300/0838 ,  C12Q1/6825 ,  G01N27/447 ,  C12Q2565/629

摘要： A flow-through microchannel (e.g. capillary) biosensor is described for the for the detection of multiple, different analytes (e.g. nucleic acids, proteins, sugars, etc.) targets in a sample by binding them to “complementary” binding partners (e.g. complementary nucleic acids, ligands, antibodies, etc.). The binding partners are immobilized in different sections of a microchannel (e.g. a fused silica capillary). After fabrication of the biosensor, a sample is flushed through the capillary, and any target analyte(s) contained within the sample are bound to the immobilized binding partner(s) on the microchannel wall forming bound complexes. Finally, the bound complexes are simultaneously denatured along the entire length of the capillary and flushed out past a detector poised downstream, and the analyte concentration is measured (e.g., using sinusoidal voltammetry). Direct electrochemical detection of underivatized DNA is accomplished by oxidizing its sugar backbone and the amine containing nucleobase at the copper electrode. The elution time of the desorbed target DNA(s) is used for the sequence identification of the target. Multiple genetic sequences can be diagnosed by using a single biosensor in this manner. The sensor is highly specific due to hybridization chemistry, and extremely sensitive due to electrochemical detection.

摘要翻译： 描述了流通微通道（例如毛细管）生物传感器，用于通过将样品中的多种不同分析物（例如核酸，蛋白质，糖等）结合至“互补”结合配偶体（例如互补的） 核酸，配体，抗体等）。 结合配偶体固定在微通道的不同部分（例如熔融石英毛细管）中。 在制造生物传感器之后，将样品冲洗通过毛细管，并且样品中包含的任何目标分析物与形成结合复合物的微通道壁上的固定结合配偶体结合。 最后，结合的复合物沿毛细管的整个长度同时变性，并通过下游的检测器冲洗出来，并测量分析物浓度（例如使用正弦伏安法）。 未衍生的DNA的直接电化学检测是通过在铜电极上氧化其糖骨架和含胺核碱基来实现的。 解吸的靶DNA的洗脱时间用于靶标的序列鉴定。 可以通过以这种方式使用单个生物传感器诊断多个遗传序列。 该传感器由于杂化化学而具有高度的特异性，并且由于电化学检测而非常敏感。

公开(公告)号：US06208553B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

申请号：US09346221

申请日：1999-07-01

申请人： Daniel Tomasz Gryko ,  Peter Christian Clausen ,  Kristian M. Roth ,  David F. Bocian ,  Werner G. Kuhr ,  Jonathan S. Lindsey

发明人： Daniel Tomasz Gryko ,  Peter Christian Clausen ,  Kristian M. Roth ,  David F. Bocian ,  Werner G. Kuhr ,  Jonathan S. Lindsey

IPC分类号： G11C1100

CPC分类号： G11C11/5664 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C07D487/22 ,  C07D519/00 ,  C07F17/02 ,  G11B9/14 ,  G11B9/149 ,  G11C13/0014 ,  G11C13/0016 ,  G11C13/025 ,  G11C2213/77 ,  H01L27/285 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/0595

摘要： This invention provides novel high density memory devices that are electrically addressable permitting effective reading and writing, that provide a high memory density (e.g., 1015 bits/cm3), that provide a high degree of fault tolerance, and that are amenable to efficient chemical synthesis and chip fabrication. The devices are intrinsically latchable, defect tolerant, and support destructive or non-destructive read cycles. In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises a fixed electrode electrically coupled to a storage medium comprising one or more thiol-derivatized porphyrins. The storage medium has a multiplicity of different and distinguishable oxidation states and data is stored in said oxidation states by the addition or withdrawal of one or more electrons from the storage medium via the electrically coupled electrode(s).

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了新颖的高密度存储器件，其可电寻址以允许有效读取和写入，其提供高存储密度（例如，1015比特/ cm 3），其提供高度的容错性，并且适于有效的化学合成 和芯片制造。 器件本质上可锁定，缺陷容忍，并支持破坏性或非破坏性的读取周期。 在优选的实施方案中，该装置包括电耦合到包含一种或多种硫醇衍生的卟啉的存储介质的固定电极。 存储介质具有多种不同且可区分的氧化态，并且通过经由电耦合的电极从存储介质中添加或取出一个或多个电子，将数据存储在所述氧化态中。

公开(公告)号：US5650061A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-22

申请号：US529661

申请日：1995-09-18

申请人： Werner G. Kuhr ,  John K. Cullison

发明人： Werner G. Kuhr ,  John K. Cullison

IPC分类号： G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/49

摘要： A large amplitude sine wave is applied as the excitation potential to a amperometric measurement to produce a current output that is a phase shifted sine wave containing faradaic information at many frequencies. A current obtained from a conventional potentiostat coupled to the electrode is coupled to a lock-in amplifier that monitors the signal at one frequency at a specified phase angle. Since most of the background remains at the fundamental frequency, a higher harmonic of the fundamental frequency of the sinusoidal sweep frequency is monitored. By locking in on the higher harmonic components, the faradaic signal is therefore distinguished from the background signal. The background is diminished thereby allowing signal recognition at low analyte concentrations and increasing the signal-to-noise ratio.

摘要翻译： 将大振幅正弦波作为电流测量的激励电位，以产生电流输出，该电流输出是包含许多频率的法拉第信息的相移正弦波。 从耦合到电极的常规恒电位仪获得的电流被耦合到锁定放大器，该锁定放大器以指定的相位角以一个频率监视信号。 由于大多数背景保持在基频，因此监视正弦扫描频率的基频的较高谐波。 通过锁定高次谐波分量，法拉第信号因此与背景信号不同。 背景减弱，从而允许在低分析物浓度下的信号识别并增加信噪比。