Fuel cell system having a reformer
    31.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell system having a reformer 失效
    具有重整器的燃料电池系统

    公开(公告)号:US08785069B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-07-22

    申请号:US12971437

    申请日:2010-12-17

    IPC分类号: H01M8/06

    摘要: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, an oxidizer supply unit, a reformer, a fuel tank, and a water tank. The reformer generates a hydrogen-containing reformed gas reformed from hydrocarbon-based fuel and supplies it to the fuel cell stack. The fuel tank supplies the hydrocarbon-based fuel to the reformer. The water tank supplies water to the reformer. The reformer includes a reforming unit configured to have a reforming reaction generated therein, a combustion unit configured to supply heat energy to the reforming unit, and a carbon monoxide reduction unit configured to reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide in a reformed gas discharged from the reforming unit. A combustion gas pipe is connected to the combustion unit. A reformed gas pipe is disposed between the reforming unit and the carbon monoxide reduction unit. At least one of the combustion gas pipe and the reformed gas pipe is configured to pass through the inside of the water tank or to raise a temperature of the water tank through contact with the water tank, thereby preventing the freezing of the water tank.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池系统包括燃料电池堆,氧化剂供应单元,重整器,燃料箱和水箱。 重整器产生从烃类燃料重整而成的含氢重整气体,并将其供给到燃料电池堆。 燃料箱向重整器供应烃类燃料。 水箱向改性机供水。 重整器包括:重整单元,其被配置为具有在其中产生的重整反应;燃烧单元,被配置为向重整单元供应热能;以及一氧化碳还原单元,被配置为减少从重整器排出的重整气体中的一氧化碳浓度 单元。 燃烧气体管道连接到燃烧单元。 重整气体管道设置在重整单元和一氧化碳减少单元之间。 燃烧气体管道和重整气体管道中的至少一个构造成通过水箱的内部,或者通过与水箱接触来提高水箱的温度,从而防止水箱的冻结。

    WIRE ROD HAVING SUPERIOR HYDROGEN DELAYED FRACTURE RESISTANCE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, HIGH STRENGTH BOLT USING SAME AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING BOLT
    32.
    发明申请
    WIRE ROD HAVING SUPERIOR HYDROGEN DELAYED FRACTURE RESISTANCE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, HIGH STRENGTH BOLT USING SAME AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING BOLT 审中-公开
    具有超级氢延迟耐断裂性的线,其制造方法,使用其的高强度螺栓和用于制造螺栓的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20140150934A1

    公开(公告)日:2014-06-05

    申请号:US14232805

    申请日:2012-05-14

    摘要: The present invention relates to a wire rod used in bolts for automobile engines, for example, and more specifically to a wire rod having an improved resistance to hydrogen delayed fracture, to a manufacturing method for same, to a bolt using same and a method for manufacturing the bolt. Provided are a high strength wire rod having a superior resistance to hydrogen delayed fracture and a method for manufacturing same, a high strength bolt using the wire rod and a method for manufacturing same, wherein.the wire rod comprises, 0.3-0.7 wt % C, 0.05-2.0 wt % Si, 0.7-1.5 wt % Mn, 0.01-0.1 wt % Ni, and 30-70 ppm La, and the remainder thereof is comprised by Fe and inevitable impurities.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及例如用于汽车发动机的螺栓的线材,更具体地说,涉及一种具有改进的耐氢延迟断裂性的线材,其制造方法,使用该线材的螺栓以及用于其的方法 制造螺栓。 本发明提供一种具有优异的耐氢延迟断裂性的高强度线材及其制造方法,使用该线材的高强度螺栓及其制造方法。 线材包括0.3-0.7重量%C,0.05-2.0重量%的Si,0.7-1.5重量%的Mn,0.01-0.1重量%的Ni和30-70ppm的La,其余的由Fe和不可避免的 杂质。

    Method for fabricating solid body having superhydrophobic surface structure and superhydrophobic tube using the same method
    33.
    发明授权
    Method for fabricating solid body having superhydrophobic surface structure and superhydrophobic tube using the same method 有权
    使用相同的方法制造具有超疏水表面结构的固体的超疏水管的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08707999B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-04-29

    申请号:US12442321

    申请日:2007-09-19

    IPC分类号: F15D1/02

    CPC分类号: B29C33/52

    摘要: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a solid body having a superhydrophobic surface structure formed by using a surface treatment of a metal body, a replication process, and a polymer sticking phenomenon to increase efficiency of fluid transfer and prevent foreign materials from being accumulated in the tube, and a superhydrophobic fluid transfer tube using the method. The superhydrophobic fluid transfer tube includes a fluid guider and a solid body provided on a fluid contact surface of the fluid guider and has micrometer-scaled unevenness and nanometer-scaled protrusions. In the method, a plurality of nanometer-scaled holes are formed on a surface of a metal body through an anodizing process, a replica is formed by immersing the metal body provided with the nanometer-scaled holes in a non-wetting polymer material and solidifying the non-wetting polymer material, the solid body having the superhydrophobic surface is formed by removing the metal body and an anode oxide from the replica, and the solid body is provided to a fluid contact surface of a fluid guider for guiding a fluid.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及通过使用金属体的表面处理形成的具有超疏水性表面结构的固体的制造方法,复制工序和聚合物粘贴现象,以提高流体转移的效率,防止异物的累积 在管中,以及使用该方法的超疏水流体输送管。 超疏水流体输送管包括流体引导器和设置在流体引导器的流体接触表面上的实心体,并且具有微米级的凹凸和纳米级的突起。 在该方法中,通过阳极氧化处理在金属体的表面上形成多个纳米级的孔,通过将设置有纳米级孔的金属体浸渍在非湿润性聚合物材料中并固化而形成复制品 通过从复制品中除去金属体和阳极氧化物形成具有超疏水表面的固体,并且将固体提供到用于引导流体的流体导向器的流体接触表面。

    Manufacturing method of 3D shape structure having hydrophobic external surface
    35.
    发明授权
    Manufacturing method of 3D shape structure having hydrophobic external surface 有权
    具有疏水性外表面的3D形状结构的制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US08394283B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-03-12

    申请号:US12741058

    申请日:2008-03-12

    IPC分类号: B31D3/00

    摘要: The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure manufacturing method for performing surface treatment processes, and a replication step to provide hydrophobicity on an external surface of the three-dimensional structure. In the manufacturing method, the hydrophobicity may be provided to the external surface of the three-dimensional structure, a high cost device required in the conventional MEMS process is not used, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the manufacturing process is simplified. In addition, it has been difficult to provide the hydrophobicity on an external surface of a three-dimensional structure having a large surface due to a spatial limitation, but in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobicity may be provided to the external surface of the three-dimensional structure having a large surface, such as a torpedo, a submarine, a ship, and a vehicle, without the spatial limitation.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种用于进行表面处理工艺的三维结构制造方法以及在三维结构的外表面上提供疏水性的复制步骤。 在制造方法中,可以将疏水性提供给三维结构的外表面,不使用常规MEMS工艺中所需的高成本装置,制造成本降低,制造工艺简化。 此外,由于空间限制,难以在具有大表面的三维结构的外表面上提供疏水性,但是在本发明的示例性实施方案中,可以将疏水性提供给外表面 的具有大表面的三维结构,例如鱼雷,潜艇,船舶和车辆,没有空间限制。

    FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND DRIVING METHOD FOR THE SAME
    36.
    发明申请
    FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND DRIVING METHOD FOR THE SAME 有权
    燃料电池系统及其驱动方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110318664A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-12-29

    申请号:US12983503

    申请日:2011-01-03

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    CPC分类号: H01M8/04753 Y02E60/50

    摘要: A fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack having a plurality of unit cells is provided. A method of driving the fuel cell stack is also provided. The method may include supplying a fuel to a fuel cell stack, supplying an oxidizer to the fuel cell stack, controlling supply of the fuel and the oxidizer to operate the fuel cell stack, calculating a total operation time of the fuel cell, and/or varying a stack activation period in which the oxidizer is blocked to the fuel cell stack according to the total operation time and a stack activation cycle of which the stack activation period is generated.

    摘要翻译: 提供一种燃料电池系统,其包括具有多个单电池的燃料电池堆。 还提供了驱动燃料电池堆的方法。 该方法可以包括向燃料电池堆供应燃料,向燃料电池堆供应氧化剂,控制燃料和氧化剂的供应以操作燃料电池堆,计算燃料电池的总运行时间和/或 根据总操作时间和产生堆栈激活周期的堆栈激活周期,改变其中氧化剂被阻挡到燃料电池堆的堆活化时段。

    Method of forming a dielectric layer pattern and method of manufacturing a non-volatile memory device using the same
    37.
    发明授权
    Method of forming a dielectric layer pattern and method of manufacturing a non-volatile memory device using the same 失效
    形成电介质层图案的方法和使用其制造非易失性存储器件的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07727893B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-06-01

    申请号:US12336863

    申请日:2008-12-17

    IPC分类号: H01L21/311

    摘要: In a method of forming a dielectric layer pattern, lower patterns are formed on a substrate. A first dielectric layer is formed on sidewalls and upper surfaces of the lower patterns and a surface of the substrate. A mask pattern is formed on the first dielectric layer to partially expose the first dielectric layer. The exposed first dielectric layer on upper surfaces and upper sidewalls of the lower patterns is partially removed and the removed first dielectric layer is deposited on surfaces of the first dielectric layer between the lower patterns, to form a second dielectric layer having a thickness greater than that of the first dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer on the sidewalls of the lower patterns and the substrate is etched to form a dielectric layer pattern. Accordingly, damage to the underlying layer may be reduced, and an unnecessary dielectric layer may be completely removed.

    摘要翻译: 在形成电介质层图案的方法中,在基板上形成下图案。 第一电介质层形成在下图案的侧壁和上表面以及基板的表面上。 在第一电介质层上形成掩模图案以部分地暴露第一介电层。 部分地去除在下图案的上表面和上侧壁上的暴露的第一电介质层,并且将去除的第一介电层沉积在下图案之间的第一介电层的表面上,以形成厚度大于其的厚度的第二电介质层。 的第一介电层。 在下图案和衬底的侧壁上的第二电介质层被蚀刻以形成电介质层图案。 因此,可能减少对下层的损伤,并且可以完全去除不需要的介电层。

    METHOD OF FORMING A DIELECTRIC LAYER PATTERN AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A NON-VOLATILE MEMORY DEVICE USING THE SAME
    38.
    发明申请
    METHOD OF FORMING A DIELECTRIC LAYER PATTERN AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A NON-VOLATILE MEMORY DEVICE USING THE SAME 失效
    形成介质层图案的方法和使用其制造非易失性存储器件的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20090155968A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-06-18

    申请号:US12336863

    申请日:2008-12-17

    IPC分类号: H01L21/336 H01L21/311

    摘要: In a method of forming a dielectric layer pattern, lower patterns are formed on a substrate. A first dielectric layer is formed on sidewalls and upper surfaces of the lower patterns and a surface of the substrate. A mask pattern is formed on the first dielectric layer to partially expose the first dielectric layer. The exposed first dielectric layer on upper surfaces and upper sidewalls of the lower patterns is partially removed and the removed first dielectric layer is deposited on surfaces of the first dielectric layer between the lower patterns, to form a second dielectric layer having a thickness greater than that of the first dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer on the sidewalls of the lower patterns and the substrate is etched to form a dielectric layer pattern. Accordingly, damage to the underlying layer may be reduced, and an unnecessary dielectric layer may be completely removed.

    摘要翻译: 在形成电介质层图案的方法中,在基板上形成下图案。 第一电介质层形成在下图案的侧壁和上表面以及基板的表面上。 在第一电介质层上形成掩模图案以部分地暴露第一介电层。 部分地去除在下图案的上表面和上侧壁上的暴露的第一电介质层,并且将去除的第一介电层沉积在下图案之间的第一介电层的表面上,以形成厚度大于其的厚度的第二电介质层。 的第一介电层。 在下图案和衬底的侧壁上的第二电介质层被蚀刻以形成电介质层图案。 因此,可能减少对下层的损伤,并且可以完全去除不需要的介电层。

    METHODS OF FORMING A METAL OXIDE LAYER PATTERN HAVING A DECREASED LINE WIDTH OF A PORTION THEREOF AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING A SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE USING THE SAME
    40.
    发明申请
    METHODS OF FORMING A METAL OXIDE LAYER PATTERN HAVING A DECREASED LINE WIDTH OF A PORTION THEREOF AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING A SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE USING THE SAME 审中-公开
    形成具有其部分的下降线宽度的金属氧化物层图案的方法和使用其制造半导体器件的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080199975A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-08-21

    申请号:US12032018

    申请日:2008-02-15

    IPC分类号: H01L21/18 H01L21/3065

    摘要: Provided herein are methods of forming a metal oxide layer pattern on a substrate including providing a preliminary metal oxide layer on a substrate; etching the preliminary metal oxide layer to provide a preliminary metal oxide layer pattern, wherein the line width of the preliminary metal oxide layer pattern gradually increases in a vertically downward direction; and etching the preliminary metal oxide layer pattern to form a metal oxide layer pattern in a manner so as to decrease the line width of a lower portion of the preliminary metal oxide layer. The present invention also provides methods of manufacturing a semiconductor device including forming a metal oxide layer and a first conductive layer on a substrate; etching the metal oxide layer to provide a preliminary metal oxide layer pattern, wherein the line width of the preliminary metal oxide layer pattern gradually increase in a vertically downward direction; etching the first conductive layer to provide a first conductive layer pattern; and etching the preliminary metal oxide layer pattern to provide a metal oxide layer pattern in a manner so as to decrease the line width of a lower portion of the preliminary metal oxide layer pattern.

    摘要翻译: 本文提供了在衬底上形成金属氧化物层图案的方法,包括在衬底上提供初步金属氧化物层; 蚀刻初始金属氧化物层以提供初步金属氧化物层图案,其中预备金属氧化物层图案的线宽在垂直向下的方向上逐渐增加; 并且以使得预备金属氧化物层的下部的线宽减小的方式蚀刻初步金属氧化物层图案以形成金属氧化物层图案。 本发明还提供了制造半导体器件的方法,包括在衬底上形成金属氧化物层和第一导电层; 蚀刻金属氧化物层以提供初步金属氧化物层图案,其中初始金属氧化物层图案的线宽在垂直向下的方向上逐渐增加; 蚀刻第一导电层以提供第一导电层图案; 并且蚀刻初步金属氧化物层图案以提供金属氧化物层图案,以便减小初步金属氧化物层图案的下部的线宽度。