摘要:
[Means to solve problems] The process for preparing a cycloolefin addition polymer comprises addition-polymerizing monomers containing a specific cycloolefin compound in the presence of ethylene and a multicomponent catalyst containing, as essential components, (a) a palladium compound, (b) a compound selected from an ionic boron compound, an ionic aluminum compound, a Lewis acidic aluminum compound and a Lewis acidic boron compound and (c) a specific phosphine compound or its phosphonium salt. [Effect] A cycloolefin compound is addition-polymerized using a specific palladium catalyst and using ethylene as a molecular weight modifier, whereby a cycloolefin addition polymer having a molecular weight preferable for a sheet or a film used for an optical material can be prepared using small amounts of the molecular weight modifier and the palladium catalyst.
摘要:
A semiconductor laser device includes a semiconductor substrate on which a semiconductor thin film including an active layer is lamineted, a pair of electrodes respectively provided on opposite faces of the substrate, a light emitting surface defined on a side face of the substrate to which the active layer and an edge of at least one of the electrodes are exposed, and a protective film covering the light emitting surface. The protective film has a smaller thickness on the edge of the electrode than on the active layer. This arrangement makes it possible to suppress diffusion of an electrode material in the protective film and sufficiently protect the light emitting surface.
摘要:
A cyclic olefin addition copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a cyclic olefin compound having a side chain substituent group with a ring structure, such as endo-tricyclo[4.3.0.12,5]deca-3,7-diene or endo-tricyclo[4.3.0.12,5]deca-3-ene, with another cyclic olefin compound such as bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene, and further with a cyclic olefin compound having a hydrolysable silyl group as needed, or hydrogenating after copolymerization; a composition for crosslinking in which a specific crosslinking agent is incorporated; a crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking the composition; an optical material containing the copolymer, the composition or the crosslinked product; and a method for producing the copolymer in which addition polymerization is conducted using a specific nickel catalyst.
摘要:
A cyclic olefin having a specific polar group is polymerized by addition polymerization in a hydrocarbon solvent, using a polymerization catalyst component containing (i) a specific transition metal compound, (ii) a Lewis acid compound and (iii) an alkyl aluminoxane, or the cyclic olefin is polymerized by addition polymerization in the hydrocarbon solvent, using the polymerization catalyst component, by further adding at least one aromatic vinyl compound and at least one cyclic nonconjugated polyene compound, or either one of them as a molecular weight modifier, thereby obtaining a cyclic olefinic addition polymer.
摘要:
A semiconductor laser element comprising: a clad layer of a first conductivity type; an active layer; a first clad layer of a second conductivity type; a ridge made of a second clad layer of the second conductivity type and a cap layer of the second conductivity type, which are layered on the first clad layer of the second conductivity type, in this order starting from the first clad layer side; a dielectric film formed on ridge sides other than a top portion of the ridge; and a metal electrode layer that covers the ridge, wherein the width of the bottom of the cap layer and the width of the top surface of the second clad layer are approximately equal.
摘要:
Provided are an air conditioning plant control method by which an air conditioning plant can be operated in a most desirable state, and an air conditioning plant so controlled. An air conditioning plant is controlled, which has at least one air conditioner, a refrigerating machine supplying cold water to the air conditioner and a cooling tower supplying cooling water to the refrigerating machine. Within an extent satisfying set conditions of air conditioning, setpoints of the draft temperature of the at least one air conditioner, the cold water temperature of the refrigerating machine and the temperature of cooling water from the cooling tower are altered and optimized so as to minimize energy consumption, operating cost or carbon dioxide emission of the air conditioning plant.
摘要:
A hydrogenated block copolymer having a number-average molecular weight of 40,000-700,000, obtained by hydrogenating at least 80% of the olefinic bonds of a block copolymer having in the molecule at least one each ofa polymer block A composed of 90% by weight or more of a vinyl aromatic compound,a polybutadiene polymer block B having a 1,2-vinyl structure of 30-70%, anda polybutadiene polymer block C having a 1,2-vinyl structure of less than 30%,in which block copolymer the blocks A, B and C are contained at a specific ratio, or a unit of the block copolymer is bonded, via a coupling agent residue, to at least one polymer block unit of the blocks A, B and C and thereby the polymer molecular chain is extended or branched; and a thermoplastic resin composition comprising the hydrogenated block copolymer.
摘要:
A conventional liquid crystal display comprises a number of components, so that a manufacturing cost cannot be reduced. Furthermore, a large-area substrate has problems in shipping. According to this invention, a liquid-crystal panel is prepared by forming individual optically functional films, a TFT device and a light-emitting device on a long thin film and then laminating the film by a transfer process. A base film to be a substrate in a liquid-crystal panel preferably has a thickness of 10 μm to 200 μm, a curvature radius of 40 mm or less as a measure of flexibility and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 50 ppm/° C. or less. Furthermore, it more preferably gives a variation of ±5% or less in mechanical and optical properties to a thermal history at 200° C.
摘要:
A process is provided whereby cycloolefin addition (co)polymers having excellent heat resistance, transparency and toughness and having a molecular weight adjusted such that the copolymers can form films, sheets and the like, are produced simply by using small amounts of a palladium catalyst and a molecular weight modifier without steps for removing the catalyst residues and unreacted monomers. The process for producing cycloolefin addition (co)polymers includes addition (co)polymerizing monomers including a cycloolefin compound as a main monomer, in the presence of ethene and catalysts including (a) an organic acid salt of palladium or a β-diketonate compound of palladium; (b) a cyclopentylphosphine compound; and (c) an ionic boron compound or an ionic aluminum compound.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for producing a cyclic olefin addition copolymer wherein a monomer composition containing 5 to 80 mol % of a cyclic olefin having a substituent selected from alkyl groups, alkylsilyl group, and alkylsilylmethyl group represented by formula (1) below and 20 to 95 mol % of a cyclic olefin represented by formula (2) below is addition-copolymerized in the presence of a palladium-based multicomponent catalyst containing a specific palladium compound (i), a specific phosphorus compound (ii), and an ionic boron compound or an ionic aluminum compound (iii): (one of A1 to A4 is a C4-5 alkyl group, trimethylsilyl group, or trimethylsilylmethyl group, and the others each independently are a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, or methyl group) (B1 to B4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, methyl group, or halogen atom.)