摘要:
A highly active and environment-friendly catalyst for use in a living radical polymerization is provided. A catalyst for use in a living radical polymerization method is provided. The catalyst comprises a central element, which is selected from germanium, tin and antimony, and at least one halogen atom, which is bound to the central element. A monomer having a radical reactive unsaturated bond is subjected to a radical polymerization reaction under the presence of the catalyst, thereby it is possible to obtain a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution. The present invention has the merits such as low toxicity of the catalyst, a small amount of the catalyst can be used, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, no coloration, no odor (unnecessary post-treatment of molded products). The method of the present invention is more environment-friendly and economical than a conventional living radical polymerization method.
摘要:
The imaging means comprises an IR lamp to radiate an infrared light forward, a CCD camera to image forward and convert to electrical signals and an image processing unit to change the signal storage time duration of the CCD camera at a predetermined period and sequentially and periodically output images with the different light exposure. The image processing unit extends the images with the different light exposure in the longitudinal direction and averages the signal level of both images after extending to form a composite image.
摘要:
When an optical waveguide is formed by focused femtosecond laser pulses in a pure silica glass to induce a refractive index increase region, a pulse width of femtosecond laser pulses are changed, a peak power of femtosecond laser pulses at the focal point is changed, or both the pulse width and the peak power are changed simultaneously. Under conditions where a pulse width of the femtosecond laser pulses is in a range of 210 to 420 fs and a peak power at the focal point is not greater than 8.7×1011 W/cm2, an optical waveguide having a mode field of 10 to 14 μm such that an aspect ratio is 1 (one) can be obtained. By doing this, it is possible to control a mode field diameter of an optical waveguide and an aspect ratio of the mode field diameter.
摘要翻译:当通过在纯二氧化硅玻璃中的聚焦飞秒激光脉冲形成光波导以引起折射率增加区域时,飞秒激光脉冲的脉冲宽度改变,焦点处的飞秒激光脉冲的峰值功率改变,或两者都改变 脉冲宽度和峰值功率同时变化。 在飞秒激光脉冲的脉冲宽度在210至420fs的范围内且焦点处的峰值功率不大于8.7x10 11 / cm 2的条件下, / SUP>,具有10〜14μm的模场的光波导,使得可以获得纵横比为1(1)。 通过这样做,可以控制光波导的模场直径和模场直径的纵横比。
摘要:
A rotary developing device which facilitates a positional adjustment of developing units and prevents the developing units from being shifted even when they are used for a long period. Pins protruding from a revolver are inserted into elongated holes formed in developing units so that developing units are held in such a manner that the developing units are movable relative to the revolver. By mounting a spacer between the elongated hole and the pin, the positional adjustment of the photosensitive drum and the tracking roller is completed. Furthermore, a plurality of spacers which differ in thickness are prepared and by merely selectively mounting an appropriate spacer, the position adjustment of the tracking roller is completed.
摘要:
Alumina particles having high dispersibility and plasticity, at least on the surface of which a phosphoric acid or phosphate is present and suitable for use as a material for pigments for paints, precision abrasives or ceramics. The alumina particles are produced by adding a crystallization inhibitor containing at least phosphate ion to aluminum hydroxide or alumina hydrate and then conducting a hydrothermal synthesis treatment. The amount of the phosphate ion to be added is in the range of 3.0.times.10.sup.-3 to 2.5.times.10.sup.-2 mol per mol of aluminum hydroxide or alumina hydrate. The particle size of aluminum hydroxide or alumina hydrate is 0.1 to 5.0 .mu.m. The hydrothermal synthesis is preferably conducted at 350.degree. C. or above under a pressure of 50 to 200 atm and at a temperature elevation rate of 50.degree. C./min to 0.3.degree. C./min. The thus obtained alumina is .alpha.-alumina in the form of hexagonal plate single crystal having a particle size of 0.2 to 15 .mu.m, an aspect ratio of 15 to 50 and an isoelectric point at which the zeta-potential is 0 of pH 4 to 8.
摘要:
A continuous hydrothermal synthesis method which comprises pressurizing and heating a material slurry below a saturated vapor temperature or pressurizing a material slurry at normal temperature, pressurizing and heating an aqueous liquid above the saturated vapor temperature, atomizing and mixing the slurry and the aqueous liquid, effecting hydrothermal synthesis in a reaction section above the saturated vapor temperature, cooling the reaction product and taking out the product while retaining the pressurized state in the system by alternately opening and closing shut-off valves provided above and below a product discharging section or through a thin pipe provided in the product discharging section. The method is performed using an apparatus comprising heating-pressurizing sections respectively connected to a material slurry feeding section and an aqueous liquid feeding section, an atomizing-mixing section and a reaction section provided after these feeding sections, and a product discharging section.
摘要:
Compositions comprising certain macrolides are disclosed which are useful in methods for the treatment of reversible obstructive airway diseases, particularly asthma.
摘要:
The fluorine-substituted organopolysiloxane as the principal ingredient of the inventive silicone rubber composition has vinyl groups to serve as the cross-linking points at the molecular chain terminals while at least the penultimate siloxane unit or the silicon atom adjacent to the terminal silicon atom has no fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group bonded to the silicon atom. Being freed from the steric hindrance due to the bulky fluorine-substituted hydrocarbon group bonded to the adjacent silicon atom, the vinyl group bonded to the terminal silicon atom can pertain to the cross-linking reaction much easier than otherwise so that the silicone rubber composition of the invention containing an organic peroxide or a combination of an organohydrogenpolysiloxane and a platinum catalyst as a curing agent can be rapidly cured to give a cured silicone rubber article having excellent resistance against oils and organic solvents as well as mechanical properties.
摘要:
A photosensing system is described. Light rays to be sensed is incident on a photosensitive semiconductor device which allows much current to pass therethrough during receiving the incident light and which passes a little current when there is no incident light. The current passing through the semiconductor device is accumulated in a suitable storage means. The accumulated charge is detected, in order to judge the existence or the absence of the incident light, a certain time period after the pulsed signal is outputted.