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    On-line caliper gauge
    32.
    发明授权
    On-line caliper gauge 失效
    在线卡尺

    公开(公告)号：US5243849A

    公开(公告)日：1993-09-14

    申请号：US866293

    申请日：1992-04-13

    Applicant: Paul Williams

    Inventor： Paul Williams

    IPC: G01B13/06

    CPC classification number: G01B13/06

    Abstract: An air bearing gauge 10 is characterized by a flat land 30, instead of the prior art's "knife-edge" 30', so as to provide an area 32 over web 12 through which pressurized gas flows in escaping from the gas supply means 16 and the gas bearing region 24. The land 30 provides an upward scaling of the readings obtained on-line, which can correlate the reading to standard TAPPI caliper gauge measurements of sheets as are obtained off-line, in the laboratory.

    Abstract translation: 空气轴承量规10的特征在于平坦的平台30，而不是现有技术的“刀刃”30'，以便在腹板12上提供一个区域32，加压气体通过该区域从气体供给装置16中流出， 气体支撑区域24.焊盘30提供在线获得的读数的向上缩放，这可以将读数与离线获得的标准TAPPI卡尺测量值相关联，在实验室中。

    Sheet measuring apparatus with two structurally isolated non-contacting surface follower bodies and wireless signal transmission
    33.
    发明授权
    Sheet measuring apparatus with two structurally isolated non-contacting surface follower bodies and wireless signal transmission 失效
    具有两个结构隔离的非接触表面随动体的片测量装置和无线信号传输

    公开(公告)号：US4528507A

    公开(公告)日：1985-07-09

    申请号：US315200

    申请日：1981-10-26

    Applicant: Thomas M. Domin ,  Dan R. Landis ,  Paul Williams

    Inventor： Thomas M. Domin ,  Dan R. Landis ,  Paul Williams

    IPC: G01B7/02 ,  G01B7/06 ,  G01B11/02 ,  G01B15/02 ,  G01N27/72 ,  G01R33/12 ,  G02B11/02 ,  H03K17/00 ,  G01B7/10

    CPC classification number: G01B7/107 ,  G01B2210/62

    Abstract: For measuring a property such as caliper of a traveling sheet, a sensor body and a target body are located on opposite sides of the sheet and constrained (e.g., by gas bearings) along a sensor path intersecting the path of the sheet. Gas bearings maintain these bodies at, substantially constant distances from the opposite surfaces of the sheet while permitting them to move in response to the position and thickness of the sheet. An active sensor element aboard the sensor body and a passive sensor element aboard the target body interact through the sheet to produce aboard the sensor body a response dependent on the sheet property. Manifestations of this response, such as light beam modulations, are produced, without solid bodily connections, at a location spaced from the sensor body where the manifestations are detected to produce a sheet property-indicative signal.

    Abstract translation: 为了测量诸如行进薄片的厚度的特性，传感器主体和目标体位于薄片的相对侧上，并且沿着与薄片的路径相交的传感器路径被约束（例如通过气体轴承）。 气体轴承将这些本体保持在与片材的相对表面基本上恒定的距离，同时允许它们响应于片材的位置和厚度移动。 传感器主体上的主动传感器元件和目标主体上的无源传感器元件通过纸张相互作用，以在传感器主体上产生依赖于纸张特性的响应。 在与检测到表现的传感器主体间隔开的位置产生纸张特性指示信号，产生了这种响应的表现，例如光束调制，没有实体身体连接。

    Sheet property sensor with sheet wrinkle remover
    34.
    发明授权
    Sheet property sensor with sheet wrinkle remover 失效
    带有纸张去皱剂的纸张传感器

    公开(公告)号：US4449398A

    公开(公告)日：1984-05-22

    申请号：US391496

    申请日：1982-06-24

    Applicant: Paul Williams

    Inventor： Paul Williams

    IPC: B65H23/18 ,  B65H26/00 ,  B65H26/02 ,  G01B13/06 ,  G01N33/34

    CPC classification number: B65H26/02 ,  G01B7/107 ,  G01N33/346 ,  G01B2210/42

    Abstract: Apparatus is provided for sensing a property of a sheet (18). A sensor element (32) is adapted to be placed alongside the sheet path, and a base member (34) is adapted to be positioned on one side of the sheet and in sliding contact with one surface thereof. The sensor element is enabled to produce a sheet property sensing interaction with the sheet in a limited region of the sheet path, the interaction region being movable to any one of a plurality of sensing locations spaced across the width of the sheet. The base member has a pair of groove portions (44, 46) forming gas conducting channels with open sides exposed to the sheet surface in contact with the base member. Each of the groove portions has a part (40, 40A) extending upstream of the interaction region. The groove portions diverge from each other as they extend in a downstream (20) direction. A source of subambient gas pressure communicates with the groove portions for reducing the gas pressure therein so that the contacting surface of the sheet is at least nominally depressed into the groove portions to such an extent that the divergence of the grooves and the longitudinal movement of the sheet exert thereon a transverse tension. This tension is sufficient to substantially smooth out longitudinally extending sheet wrinkles. Typically a plurality of gas removal devices are provided for minimizing the introduction of gas between the base member and the sheet.

    Abstract translation: 提供用于感测片材（18）的性质的装置。 传感器元件（32）适于沿片材路径放置，并且基部构件（34）适于定位在片材的一侧并与其一个表面滑动接触。 传感器元件能够产生在片材路径的有限区域中感测与片材的相互作用的片材性质，相互作用区域可移动到在片材的宽度上间隔开的多个感测位置中的任何一个。 底座部件具有形成气体导通通道的一对凹槽部分（44,46），其中开口侧暴露于与基部构件接触的薄片表面。 每个凹槽部分具有在相互作用区域的上游延伸的部分（40,40A）。 当凹槽部分沿下游（20）方向延伸时，凹槽部分彼此分开。 下游气体压力源与凹槽部分连通，以减小其中的气体压力，使得片材的接触表面至少在图形上凹陷到凹槽部分中，使得凹槽的发散和凹槽的纵向运动 片材上施加横向张力。 这种张力足以基本上平滑纵向延伸的片材皱纹。 通常提供多个气体去除装置，用于最小化在基底构件和片材之间引入气体。

    Radiation reflection method and apparatus particularly for gauging materials exhibiting broadband absorption or scattering, or similar effects
    35.
    发明授权
    Radiation reflection method and apparatus particularly for gauging materials exhibiting broadband absorption or scattering, or similar effects 失效

    公开(公告)号：US4085326A

    公开(公告)日：1978-04-18

    申请号：US734007

    申请日：1976-10-19

    Applicant: Paul Williams

    Inventor： Paul Williams

    IPC: G01B11/06 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01T1/16 ,  G01J3/00

    CPC classification number: G01B11/06 ,  G01N21/314

    Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for gauging the thickness or other property of a plastic film such as blown film or other material having a front side, a back side, and characteristics including a substantial transparency to radiation at a reference wavelength and a degree of transparency depending on the value of the property at an absorption wavelength. These methods and apparatus provide a useful measurement of the material property in the presence or absence of detrimental effects such as those caused by a broadband absorbing substance (e.g. carbon black) or scattering substance (e.g. TiO.sub.2) in the material, or variations in the apparent reflectivity of one or both of the surfaces on the front and back sides, as a result, for example, of the minute surface irregularities in high-density polyethylene. Radiations, typically infrared radiations at the reference and absorption wavelengths, are directed into the front side of the material, and reflected radiations including the reference and absorption wavelengths are detected from the front side at the specular reflection angle. From the detected radiations there is produced an instrument response wherein the effects of the reference and absorption wavelengths reflected from the front side have been selectively subdued, whereby the response is indicative of the value of the property primarily as a function of the reference and absorption wavelengths reflected from the back side of the material. Typically the method is performed by additionally directing into the front side of the material a third wavelength, (e.g. 3.43 microns) to which the material exhibits a substantial opacity, additionally detecting from the front side at the specular reflection angle reflected third wavelength radiation, and producing the response so that the principal effects therein of the reference and absorption wavelengths reflected from the front side are cancelled by the effect of the third wavelength. Typically the method includes directing into the front side of the material a second reference wavelength of radiation, detecting the reflected second wavelength from the front side at the specular reflection angle, and producing from the detected first and second reference wavelengths a composite reference component of the instrument response, derived in accordance with a function which relates the relative intensities of the reflected first and second reference wavelengths to the differences in wavelength among the absorption and first and second reference wavelengths.

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