Abstract:
HIGH TEMPERATURE SHIFT CATALYSTS COMPRISING IRON OXIDE ARE PREPARED FROM SOLUTIONS OF SOLUBLE IRON SALTS BY PRECIPITATION WITH AN ORGANIC ACID REAGENT, SUCH AS OXALIC ACID, GIVING PRECIPITATES IN A VERY COARSE, EASILY-WASHED FORM. TREATMENT OF THE WELL-WASHED PRECIPITATE WITH ALKALLI REGENERATES THE ORGANIC ACID REAGENT AND GIVES A HIGHLY FLOCCULENT IRON OXIDE OF HIGH SPECIFIC SURFACE AND EXTREMELY LOW SULPHUR CONTENT. THIS IS PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR PROMOTION WITH PBO, WHICH IS NOTED AS BEING VERY SENSITIVE TO SULPHUR CONTAMINATION.
Abstract:
ISOMERIZABLE HYDROCARBONS ARE ISOMERIZED USING A CATALYTIC COMPOSITE COMPRISING A COMBINATION OF A PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT, A GROUP IV-A METALLIC COMPONENT, AND A NICKEL COMPONENT WITH A POROUS CARRIER MATERIAL. A CATALYTIC COMPOSITE COMPRISING A PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT, A GROUP IV-A METALLIC COMPONENT, A NICKEL COMPONENT AND A FRIEDEL-CRAFTS METAL HALIDE COMPONENT COMBINED WITH A REFRACTORY INORGANIC OXIDE IS ALSO DISCLOSED.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a process for preparing an oxidation catalyst containing molybdenum, tungsten, tellurium, and oxygen, which catalyst has particular utility for the oxidation of propylene to acrolein. A preferred embodiment comprises forming an aqueous solution of ammonium paratungstate and ammonium molybdate, evaporating the liquid from the solution, pulverizing the solid, and then calcining at a temperature of about 400* C. The calcinate is then mixed with tellurium dioxide and the admixture is calcined. This procedure gives longer catalyst life for the oxidation of propylene to acrolein.
Abstract:
To thaw and cook frozen food the food is placed on a supporting baffle in a container in which it is completely immersed in water or other cooking liquid and the liquid is caused to circulate rapidly through all parts of the food for uniform heating at an accelerated rate of heat exchange. Rapidity of circulation is achieved by heating the water in one part of a closed circuit and directing it by baffles.
Abstract:
Isobutylene, either pure or in crude mixtures with other hydrocarbons is oxidized in vapor phase over catalysts containing the mixed oxides of copper, tellurium and tungsten, preferably within a temperature range of about 430* to 480* C., to yield methacrylaldehyde. The catalysts are coated on refractory solids of low surface area.
Abstract:
A catalytic slurry process for effecting the conversion of a hydrocarbonaceous charge stock containing asphaltenes and metallic contaminants. The slurry constitutes charge stock, hydrogen, from about 1.0 to about 25.0 percent by weight of finely divided catalyst particles and, in a preferred embodiment, a portion of the previously produced product effluent. Preferred catalysts are the unsupported sulfides of the metals from Groups V-B, VI-B and VIII. Prior to an initial separation, hydrogen sulfide is commingled with the product effluent in order to convert the metals contained therein to the sulfides thereof.
Abstract:
A process for preparing isocaryophyllene by heating caryophyllene at a temperature of from about 120*-235* C. in the presence of a suitable catalyst such as selenium, metal selenides which decompose to yield selenium, or sulfur. The catalyst may be supported or unsupported.
Abstract:
THE INVENTION RELATES TO CATALYST COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A FINELY DIVIDED ACTIVE METALLIC COMPONENT COATED AND/OR IMPREGNATED WITH AN AIR-IMPREVIOUS, SUBSTANTIALLY INERT ORGANIC SEALANT SUCH AS PETROLEUM WAX, AND ALSO INCLUDING SULFUR EITHER CHEMICALLY COMBINED AS SULFIDE WITH THE METALLIC COMPONENT, OR SUSPENDED OR DISSOLVED IN SAID SEALANT. THE RESULTING CATALYST COMPOSITIONS CAN BE SAFELY SHIPPED IN COMMERCE, LOADED INTO CATALYTIC REACTORS, PURGED WITH HOT HYDROGEN TO VAPORIZE AND/OR HYDROCRACK THE SEALANT WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING A DESIRABLY ACTIVE SULFIDED FORM OF THE CATALYST. THE BASIC OBJECTIVES ARE TO ELIMINATE TIME CONSUMING CONVENTIONAL PRESULFIDING TECHNIQUES IN THE REACTOR, AND TO PROVIDE MEANS FOR SAFELY SHIPPING IN COMMERCE NORMALLY PYROPHORIC SULFIDE-CONTAINING CATALYSTS.