Abstract:
A system and method for providing a constant electric field that is insensitive to fluctuations in the power supply to a FLASH EPROM during erasure. The system comprises a plurality of sector source drivers and a power supply insensitive constant current source. Each sector has at least one binary storage element. Each storage element has a source. The sector source drivers couple the at least one source of a sector to be erased to the power supply insensitive constant current source. The power supply insensitive constant current source provides an electric field across the tunneling oxide which is constant and insensitive to fluctuations in the power supply. This improves the wear characteristics and lifetime of the binary storage elements. In addition, this system remedies problems associated with short channel effects, electron trapping, and the use of various voltage sources.
Abstract:
A convertible gymnastic apparatus for doing push-lift movement or chest building movement makes use of a short cross bar having thereon a protruded bar extending upwardly and a swing frame comprising a longitudinal bar, to which a movable body is attached, and two gyrating arms having a baffle disposed at inner side end thereof. As movable body is moved upwardly, the movement of the baffle of gyrating arm is obstructed by the bump of the movable body so that the gyrating arm can not be rotated. Therefore, the user can do the push-lift movement. As movable body is moved downwardly, the protruded bar of the short cross bar is locked securely into the hole of the movable body, thereby resulting in prevention of the swing frame from swinging forward and allowing the user to do the chest building movement.
Abstract:
The substrate active region contains the source and drain regions for the transistors in each cell. The grounded drains of the two pulldown transistors extend symmetrically into the three adjacent cells coupling with six other pulldown drains. This common ground node has a single upward contact to the metal ground lead. The poly-2 has a similar voltage node coupling eight pulldown resistors in four adjacent cells to the metal Vdd lead. The poly-2 forming the lightly doped resistor area has a heavily doped conductive area at each end for coupling the resistor into the pulldown circuit. The pulldown gate bands have 45 degree bends to maximize the gate area relative to the pass gate area. The gate bends cooperate with corresponding 45 degree slants in the edges of the active region to minimize the effect of misalignment. A conductive poly word line forms the pass gates just above the active region. A metal word line connects periodically with the poly word line to minimize the effect of the distributive resistance of poly. Poly-2 is used to build up the contact from the drains of the pass transistor in the substrate active region to the metal bit leads. The lateral spread of the contact aperture is limited leaving a marging of insulating oxide between the bit contact and the pass gate structure.
Abstract:
Methods and systems to measure simultaneously concentrations or concentration ratio(s) of two or more gas ingredients in a sample area comprising: a wavelength modulated light source; an acoustic detector or a photodetector; and means to analyze the signal from the acoustic detector or the photodetector and calculate the concentrations or concentration ratio(s). The light from the light source is transmitted through the sample area. Part of the light will be absorbed in the sample area by the gas ingredients and generates photoacoustic signal. The acoustic detector is used to sample the photoacoustic signal. Alternatively, a photodetector is used to sample the light intensity after the light is transmitted through the sample area.
Abstract:
A pay-per-use computer, or other electronic device that uses local security, may use a security module or other circuit for monitoring and enforcement of a usage policy. To help prevent physical attacks on the security module, or the circuit board near the security module, a second circuit may be mounted over the security module to help prevent access to the security module. Both circuits may be mounted on a interposer and the interposer mounted to the circuit board, creating a stack including the first circuit, the interposer, the security module, and a main PC board. When the PC board includes dense signal traces under the security module a three dimensional envelope is created around the security module. When the first circuit is a high value circuit, such as a Northbridge, the risk/reward of attacking the security module is increased substantially and may deter all but the most determined hackers.
Abstract:
A seat belt airbag module, which is an independent device, comprises a pouch which is designed to attach the seat belt by sliding the seat belt through a seatbelt channel and secure it by a fastener; a connector to connect the pouch and an inflator; an inflator which is installed in the seat back and linked to the crash sensing system. This seat belt airbag module can be attached and fastened to the seat belt by a simple sliding action and set in front of an occupant's body. The inflatable airbag is designed to inflate upward and forward so as to offer a cushion effect against the crash impact yet eliminate the potential danger of punching right toward the occupant's body as conventional airbags do.
Abstract:
A technique for classifying traffic at a network node involves programming a content addressable memory (CAM) array with multiple class-specific entries, where each of the class-specific entries has an associated traffic class, obtaining a protocol-independent key field from an incoming packet, and searching the programmed CAM array with the protocol-independent key field to identify an associated traffic class of the incoming packet. In another embodiment, each of the class-specific entries has an associated traffic distribution policy, which may be applied to an incoming packet.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for completing call or contacts over a network based upon an identifier. The contacting party sends a message requesting contact with the contacted party, and the system locates the contacted party via a data network or telephone address specified preferably by the contacted party.
Abstract:
An optical device packaging technique involves an optical sensor that is formed on a first substrate and flip chip bonded to a second substrate. The second substrate includes a through hole or a transparent section that is aligned with the optical sensor in order to allow light to contact the optical sensor. An embodiment of an optical device structure includes an optical sensor, a first substrate, a second substrate, and a circuit board. The optical sensor is formed on or within the first substrate and the individual sensors or pixels of the optical sensor are electrically connected to contact pads that are exposed on the first substrate. The first substrate is flip chip bonded to the second substrate. The second substrate is flip chip bonded to a circuit board. Another embodiment of an optical device structure includes an optical sensor, a first substrate, and a circuit board as the second substrate. In the embodiment, contact pads of the first substrate are flip chip bonded to contact pads of the circuit board with conductive balls. The connection between the first substrate and the circuit board provides the electrical connection between the optical sensor and the circuit board.