Abstract:
The invention relates to a resonant sensor with a vibrating body (10) for the determination of at least two physical values characterised by the fact that the vibrating body (10) has at least two partial bodies (1, 2), the vibrating body as a whole (10) being appropriate for the determination of one of the two values and one of the partial bodies (1, 2) or a combination of several partial bodies is appropriate for the determination of the other of the two values. The individual partial bodies (1, 2) of the vibrating body can differ both in their geometric, dimensions and or in the materials of which they are composed. The measurement of the individual physical values takes place in a fundamental mode of the vibrating body as a whole (10) or of the relevant partial body (1, 2). If a resonant sensor of this type with a vibrating body in the form of a double transverse beam (10) and a fine tip (21) is used as a sensing probe in Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy, the surface potential of the surface (30) of the object under examination can be measured with a high degree of lateral resolution.
Abstract:
A calibration standard comprises a supporting structure (1) of single crystal material with at least one pair of different kinds of structures consisting of a raised line (2) and a trench (3). These structures have the identical width in the range of about 500 nm. The single crystal material preferably is silicon with (110)-orientation. A method of producing the calibration standard comprises the steps: providing two polished wafers of the same single crystal material and with the same crystal orientation, forming an oxide layer on the polished surface of the first wafer, bonding the second wafer to the first oxidized wafer with the polished surfaces of the wafers facing each other, cutting the bonded structure transverse to the polished surfaces, selectively etching both the wafers to a defined depth to expose a portion of the oxide layer, masking the portions of the oxide layer now representing the raised line (2) and selectively etching the oxide layer in the unmasked areas to a defined depth to form the trench (3). The calibration standard overcomes the problem of measuring the diameter of an ultrafine tip for AFM/STM profilometry in the sub-nanometer range.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a vacuum reactor for etching substrates having a low thermal conductivity to a high degree of etch rate uniformity, wherein the substrates to be etched are arranged in a holder at a predetermined spacing from the cathode to which RF energy is applied. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cathode is raised in the area of the substrate to be etched to within a spacing of about 0.2 mm from the bottom side of the substrate. The cathode is made of aluminium, and is provided in the area of the substrate to be etched with a layer which acts as a black radiator. The heat formed during RIE is removed by radiation, and the radiation reflected from the cathode to the substrate is absorbed by the layer. Also disclosed is a method of etching substrates having a low thermal conductivity, in particular plastic substrates.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of colorants and/or active compounds by culturing a microorganism of the genus Monascus in a sterilizable fluidized-bed fermenter of low water content, such as was proposed in German Patent Application P 3,625,698.6. The fluidizable particle used here is the microorganism itself--in pellet form or grown on carriers--which can be supplied with nutrients by spraying in substrate solutions. The colorants and/or active compounds are isolated by extraction with organic solvents.
Abstract:
A coaxial transmission, especially a hollow shaft drive, comprising a driving element (7) and a driven element (3), a plurality of radially mobile toothed quadrants (5) providing a gear ratio and transmitting a driving torque between the driving element (7) and the driven element (3). An internal gear (1) or especially the housing for receiving the inner gearing of the internal gear (13) are configured as a multipart structure.
Abstract:
A coaxial transmission, especially a hollow shaft transmission for industrial drive engineering, having a high power density. The transmission comprises an input element (7), an element (3) and an output element, a drive torque being multiplied and transmitted between the input element (7) and the output element via a plurality of radially mobile toothed sections (5). At least one toothed section (5) has a bearing element (11) which is enlarged in its effective zone with respect to an input element (7).
Abstract:
A method for minimizing weight gain, preventing weight gain or inducing weight loss in a mammal, said method involving a treatment regimen which comprises administration of an insulin derivative having a substituent containing from 6 to 40 carbon atoms attached to one of its amino acid residues.
Abstract:
An interlocking gearbox, with a hollow body (1), a first drive shaft (3), which is positioned at least partially inside the hollow body (1) and is in an effective connection with the hollow body (1), and possessing a second drive shaft (4), which is positioned at least partially inside the hollow body (1) and is in an effective connection with the hollow body (1).
Abstract:
A conical gear drive comprising an input element that interacts with a truncated conical gear via which an output element can be driven. A number of different output elements or variably selectable output elements should be able to be connected to the truncated conical gear drive.
Abstract:
A method for automatically checking in passengers and their luggage by an electronic input of the passenger data or travel data by the passenger himself into an automatic check-in terminal is provided. In the automatic check-in terminal, possibly following selection of various criteria, the boarding pass and one or more information media for attachment to the luggage are created and output. The information medium created is a luggage tag which is easy to affix to the luggage item and which contains, in machine-readable form, at least all the data and information which are required for a later generation of an internationally standardized, preferably self-adhesive luggage band which is affixed to the luggage item within a conveying and sorting system in addition to the luggage tag.