摘要:
A differential amplifier has input and output terminals to generate a second signal at the output terminals for a first signal. The amplifier has feedback switches between the output terminals and the input terminals. Offset capacitors are coupled to the differential amplifier at the input terminals and reference voltages via charging switches to provide offsets for the first signal form the reference voltages via input switches.
摘要:
A simultaneous bidirectional data port circuit includes a current mode output driver for driving an output node and a current mode return driver for driving a differential receiver. The current mode return driver is scalable to reduce current requirements. Each driver is divided into driver segments. Some driver segments are driven by outbound data, and other driver segments are driven by pre-equalization data. Variable pre-equalization is provided by a pre-driver that selects the number of driver segments to be driven with pre-equalization data and the number of driver segments to be driven by outbound data.
摘要:
A voltage-to-current circuit utilizes an NMOS-input voltage-to-current (V-I) converter and a PMOS-input V-I converter, with both driving a common gate output stage. Each of the V-I converters includes a transconductance amplifier and a current mirror. The common gate output stage includes two series connected complementary pairs of transistors. One complementary pair drives the output, and the other complementary pair biases the first. The V-I circuit can be utilized as part of a phase detector, which is in turn can be utilized as part of a phase lock loop or a delay lock loop.
摘要:
A differential delay cell includes load transistors and a current source transistor biased linearly. The delay control input of the differential delay cell is also the power supply input such that when the power supply voltage changes, the delay in the differential delay cell changes. The resistance presented by the load transistors changes as a function of the power supply voltage, as does the current sourced by the variable current source. The combination of changing resistance and changing current as the power supply voltage changes results in a substantially constant output voltage swing. A ring of differential delay cells is included in a voltage controlled oscillator, which is in turn included in a phase lock loop. The phase lock loop has a wide loop bandwidth and the voltage controlled oscillator has a good power supply rejection ratio.
摘要:
The invention provides, in an embodiment, an apparatus, method and means for unintrusively observing, echoing and reading signals transmitted by one of a bus and wireless communication, without disturbing electrical properties of the bus, without adding bus latency, and without adding signal discontinuities. In an aspect, a buffer having a trigger is coupled with a component that connects to a memory bus, the buffer echoes signals to an observability port, and a diagnostic device reads the echoed signals. In an aspect, the bus is one of a simultaneous bi-directional (SBD) bus having ternary logic levels, a single ended bus, a differential bus, an optically coupled bus, a chipset bus, a frontside bus, an input/output (I/O) bus, a peripheral component interface (PCI) bus, and an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus. In an aspect, the buffer echoes bus signals having frequencies between 500 MHz. and 5 GHz. In an aspect, the buffer echoes bus signals having frequencies of at least 5 GHz.
摘要:
In some embodiments, the invention involves a circuit including a first set of conductors to carry a current bit set and last bit set circuitry to hold and provide a last bit set. The circuit also includes drivers coupled to interconnect conductors to provide signals from the drivers to the interconnect conductors and an encoder to receive the last bit set and the current bit set and determine whether to provide the current bit set or an encoded version of the current bit set to the drivers.
摘要:
A simultaneous bidirectional port coupled to a bus combines a synchronization circuit and a data transceiver circuit. The combination data and synchronization transceiver circuit synchronizes the port with another simultaneous data port coupled to the same bus. The combination data and synchronization transceiver circuit includes a driver with a variable output impedance. Prior to synchronization, the driver has an imbalanced output impedance, and after synchronization, the driver has a substantially balanced output impedance.
摘要:
A current mode driver includes a tail current device, a differential pair of input transistors, cascode output transistors, and pre-charge circuits to charge cascode nodes between the differential pair of input transistors and the cascode output transistors. The current mode driver is driven by CMOS drivers that alternately turn the input transistors on and off. A wide-swing bias circuit provides bias voltages for the current mode driver. This bias voltage for the tail current device is closely matched to provide current matching between the bias circuit and the current mode driver.
摘要:
A bi-directional communication system includes a driver capable of controlling a slew rate of transmitted data signals. Impedance matching can be provided to match an impedance of a driver circuit to an impedance of a communication line. The impedance is maintained constant as data is driven from the data driver. The data receiver circuit can adjust a reference voltage in response to simultaneously transmitted data. The slew rate of the receiver circuit trip point is controlled to maintain adequate noise margin during operation. Both the receiver and driver circuits can be controlled using a delay line circuit.
摘要:
The invention provides an apparatus, method and means for capturing data. In an aspect, a differential and complementary input folded-cascode clocked amplifier is provided. In an aspect, the invention provides rail-to-rail input common-mode voltage range. In an aspect, the invention provides a setup/hold time window that is smaller than the setup/hold time window of a conventional clocked amplifier and a conventional input amplifier with a separate amplifier and latch. In an aspect, the invention provides high common-mode rejection as compared with conventional clocked sense amplifiers.