摘要:
A novel dehydrogenation process is disclosed. This process comprises contacting dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons with a catalytic composite comprising a platinum component, a tin component, a potassium component, a lithium component, and an alumina support, wherein the lithium to potassium atomic ratio of said catalytic composite is in the range of from 3:1 to 5:1. The process of the invention has particular utility for the dehydrogenation of C.sub.3 -C.sub.30 paraffins.
摘要:
Alkylaromatic compounds may be synthesized by reacting an aromatic compound with an alkylating agent comprising a mixture of gases, including carbon monoxide and hydrogen at alkylation conditions in the presence of a dual-function-catalyst. The catalyst system which is employed for this reaction will comprise (1) a composite of oxides of copper and chromium and (2) an aluminosilicate which may be either in crystalline or amorphous form.
摘要:
This invention relates to a new catalyst for converting hydrocarbons. The catalyst comprises a platinum group component, a Group IVA component, especially tin, an alkali or alkaline earth component, more than 0.2 weight %, calculated on an elemental basis, of a halogen component and a porous carrier material, wherein the atomic ratio of the alkali or alkaline earth component to the platinum group component is more than 10. The catalyst is particularly useful for dehydrogenating paraffins having from 2 to 5 or more carbon atoms to the corresponding mono-olefins, or for dehydrogenating mono-olefins having from 3 to 5 or more carbon atoms to the corresponding di-olefins.
摘要:
Alkylaromatic compounds may be synthesized by reacting an aromatic compound with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at alkylation conditions in the presence of a dual-function catalyst. The catalyst system will comprise (1) a composite of oxides of copper, zinc and aluminum or chromium, and (2) an alumino-silicate which may be either in crystalline or amorphous form.
摘要:
Alcohol may be synthesized by treating olefinic hydrocarbons with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a hydroformylation zone utilizing a rhodium complex catalyst to effect the reaction. Following formation of the alcohol, the catalyst may be extracted from the alcohol by treatment with an aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution. Thereafter the aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution containing the catalyst is then stripped of ammonia by treatment with carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide containing gas. The aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution containing the rhodium complex catalyst is then stripped of a portion of water and the remaining solution is thereafter recycled to the hydroformylation zone.
摘要:
Alcohols may be synthesized by reacting an olefinic hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a rhodium carbonyl or organohodium complex and a promoter comprising ammonia at temperatures in the range of from about 50.degree. to about 250.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of from about 10 to about 300 atmospheres to produce the desired alcohol.
摘要:
Ketones may be prepared from carboxylic acid esters by treating said esters at elevated temperatures in the range of from about 50.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and pressures ranging from 1 to about 300 atmospheres in the presence of a catalyst comprising a compound containing a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table. In addition, reaction is also effected in the presence of a quaternary alkylammonium salt which will increase the conversion of the ester to the desired ketone. Examples of catalysts which are employed will include the salts, carbonyls, and organometallic complexes of rhodium and cobalt.
摘要:
Catalysts which comprise metal carbonyls or organometallic complexes in which the metal portion of the complex is selected from a Group VIII metal are useful in hydroformylation reactions. The catalysts which are homogeneous in nature may be recovered from the hydroformylation products by treating the catalyst complex with a nitrogen-containing compound in an aqueous phase whereby said catalyst may be easily separated from the hydroformylation products and recovered.
摘要:
Olefinic compounds, and particularly olefinic hydrocarbons, containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms may be subjected to a direct hydration process utilizing a dilute aqueous sulfuric acid to treat the olefin at reaction conditions which will include a temperature in the range of from about 100.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of from about 1 to about 250 atmospheres. In addition, if so desired, a transition metal sulfate may also be present in the reaction mixture.
摘要:
Alcohols may be synthesized by reacting an olefinic compound, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a Group VIII organometallic complex catalyst at reaction conditions which include a temperature in the range of from about 50.degree. to about 250.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of from about 10 to about 300 atmospheres. In addition, the reaction is also effected in the presence of a promoter compound comprising a nitrile.