公开(公告)号：US4451556A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-29

申请号：US392579

申请日：1982-06-28

申请人： Terry T. Yu

发明人： Terry T. Yu

IPC分类号： G03C1/735 ,  G03C1/73 ,  G03C5/24

CPC分类号： G03C1/734

摘要： Imaging compositions employing a tellurium compound, a reductant precursor, a masked reducing agent and a source of labile hydrogen are improved by the inclusion of a base which may be inorganic or organic. Suitable inorganic bases include alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides and ammonium hydroxide. Suitable organic bases include amines and heterocyclic nitrogen atom containing compounds.

摘要翻译： 使用碲化合物，还原剂前体，掩蔽的还原剂和不稳定氢源的成像组合物通过包含可以是无机或有机的碱而得到改善。 合适的无机碱包括碱金属氢氧化物，碱土金属氢氧化物和氢氧化铵。 合适的有机碱包括胺和含杂氮杂原子的化合物。

公开(公告)号：US4447277A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-08

申请号：US412306

申请日：1982-08-27

申请人： Tumkur S. Jayadev ,  On V. Nugyen

发明人： Tumkur S. Jayadev ,  On V. Nugyen

IPC分类号： H01L35/16 ,  H01L35/18 ,  C22C28/00

CPC分类号： H01L35/16 ,  H01L35/18

摘要： There is disclosed new and improved multiphase thermoelectric alloys and a method for making the same. The alloys are disordered materials having a multiplicity of matrix crystallites separated by generally disordered grain boundaries containing transitional phases and grain boundary regions of various phases including electrically conductive phases having at least one phase having high electrical conductivity.The alloys are formed from a mixture of at least two separately prepared multiple element compounds preferably a first compound Bi.sub.10 Sb.sub.30 Te.sub.60 or Bi.sub.40 Te.sub.48 Se.sub.12 and a second compound Ag.sub.25 Sb.sub.25 Te.sub.50. These compounds while crystalline, have different crystalline structures. They themselves are polycrystalline and do not represent the most stable crystalline structure. The first compound has a rhombohedral crystalline structure and the second compound has a face centered cubic crystalline structure. The compounds are combined in solid particulate form in proportions of 97 to 99.25 percent Bi.sub.10 Sb.sub.30 Te.sub.60 and 3 to 0.25 percent Ag.sub.25 Sb.sub.25 Te.sub.50 or 99 percent Bi.sub.40 Te.sub.48 Se.sub.12 to 1 percent Ag.sub.25 Sb.sub.25 Te.sub.50. The mixture is then heated in a quartz tube to an elevated temperature and then drawn through a temperature gradient for cooling.The alloys include in the grain boundary regions various phases of silver and tellurium. The silver containing phases establish low resistance current paths through the crystallites to provide the alloy with high electrical conductivity. The disorder of the grain boundaries and the non-highly electrical conductive phases of the grain boundary regions provide low thermal conductivity desired for thermoelectric applications.Also disclosed are alloys doped with a dopant such as tellurium iodide to form thermoelectric alloys having maximized S.sup.2 .sigma. products.

摘要翻译： 公开了新的和改进的多相热电合金及其制造方法。 合金是具有多个基体微晶的无序材料，其中包含过渡相和通常包含具有至少一个具有高电导率的相的导电相的各个相的晶界区域的无序晶界分离。 合金由至少两种单独制备的多元素化合物，优选第一化合物Bi10Sb30Te60或Bi40Te48Se12和第二化合物Ag25Sb25Te50的混合物形成。 这些化合物同时结晶，具有不同的晶体结构。 它们本身是多晶的，并不代表最稳定的晶体结构。 第一种化合物具有菱形结晶结构，第二种化合物具有面心立方晶体结构。 化合物以97至99.25％Bi10Sb30Te60和3至0.25％Ag25Sb25Te50或99％Bi40Te48Se12至1％Ag25Sb25Te50的比例以固体颗粒形式组合。 然后将混合物在石英管中加热至升高的温度，然后通过温度梯度进行冷却。 该合金在晶界区域包括银和碲的各个相。 含银相通过微晶建立低电阻电流路径，为合金提供高导电性。 晶界的晶界和非高导电相的紊乱提供热电应用所需的低热导率。 还公开了掺杂有掺杂剂如碘化碲的合金，以形成具有最大化S2西格玛产品的热电合金。

公开(公告)号：US4446224A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-01

申请号：US392580

申请日：1982-06-28

申请人： Terry T. Yu

发明人： Terry T. Yu

IPC分类号： G03C5/56 ,  G03C1/73 ,  G03C1/735 ,  G03C5/24

CPC分类号： G03C1/734

摘要： Improved tellurium imaging films are provided. The improved films are made from a composition that contains a tellurium compound which is reactible with a diol and an alcohol to form an image forming tellurium compound, a reductant precursor, a source of labile hydrogen and a suitable diol and alcohol reactible with the tellurium compound. The improved films exhibit increased speed or other advantages. The preferred alcohol is n-butanol.

摘要翻译： 提供了改进的碲成像膜。 改进的膜由含有碲化合物的组合物制成，所述碲化合物可与二醇和醇反应以形成图像形成碲化合物，还原剂前体，不稳定氢源和适合的二醇和可与碲化合物反应的醇 。 改进的膜显示出增加的速度或其他优点。 优选的醇是正丁醇。

公开(公告)号：US4440107A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-03

申请号：US397190

申请日：1982-07-12

申请人： Joachim Doehler ,  Vincent Cannella ,  Richard O. Gray, Jr.

发明人： Joachim Doehler ,  Vincent Cannella ,  Richard O. Gray, Jr.

IPC分类号： H01L31/04 ,  C23C16/54 ,  H01J37/34 ,  H01L21/205 ,  H01L21/677 ,  C23C13/10

CPC分类号： H01L21/67709 ,  C23C16/545 ,  H01J37/3277 ,  H01J37/34 ,  H01L21/6776

摘要： An apparatus for producing improved large area photovoltaic devices by substantially reducing the warpage of relatively large area, relatively thin webs of magnetic substrate material which travel through a plurality of high temperature, low pressure glow discharge deposition chambers. As the web of the substrate material moves through the deposition chambers, it assumes a normal, elongated path of travel. Due to the elevated deposition temperature, the elongated path of travel, the force of gravity, etc., the web has a tendency to warp. Warpage of the web is undesirable as it promotes the deposition of non-uniform semiconductor alloy layers. The improvement of the present invention contemplates the establishment of at least one magnetic field within each deposition chamber which is adapted to urge the web of substrate material out of its normal path of travel into a flat, substantially planar path of travel. The new flat path of travel serves to substantially reduce warpage of the web which permits uniform amorphous semiconductor alloy layers to be deposited. In alternate embodiments, the web of substrate material may be urged into sliding contact with a plurality of stationary ceramic magnets or the web may be urged into rolling contact with a plurality of rotatable magnetic elements which may either be hollow, ceramic magnets or electromagnets.

摘要翻译： 通过大幅减少行进通过多个高温，低压辉光放电沉积室的较大面积的，相对较薄的磁性基片材料的网状物的翘曲来制造改进的大面积光伏器件的装置。 当衬底材料的网状物移动通过沉积室时，其呈现正常的，延长的行进路径。 由于沉积温度升高，延伸的行进路径，重力等，纤网具有翘曲的倾向。 纤维网的翘曲是不期望的，因为其促进非均匀半导体合金层的沉积。 本发明的改进设想在每个沉积室内建立至少一个磁场，该磁场适于将衬底材料幅材推出其正常行进路径进入平坦的基本上平行的行进路径。 新的平行路径用于大幅度地减少网状物的翘曲，这允许沉积均匀的非晶半导体合金层。 在替代实施例中，衬底材料的网可以被推动成与多个固定的陶瓷磁体滑动接触，或者可以将卷材推动成与可以是中空的，陶瓷磁体或电磁体的多个可旋转的磁性元件滚动接触。

公开(公告)号：US4435445A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-06

申请号：US377738

申请日：1982-05-13

申请人： David D. Allred ,  Lee Walter ,  Jaime M. Reyes ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

发明人： David D. Allred ,  Lee Walter ,  Jaime M. Reyes ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

IPC分类号： C23C16/04 ,  C23C16/48 ,  G03G5/08 ,  C23C13/00

CPC分类号： C23C16/488 ,  C23C16/047 ,  C23C16/482

摘要： A process and apparatus for depositing a film from a gas involves introducing the gas to a deposition environment containing a substrate, heating the substrate, and irradiating the gas with radiation having a preselected energy spectrum, such that a film is deposited onto the substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the energy spectrum of the radiation is below or approximately equal to that required to photochemically decompose the gas. In another embodiment, the gas is irradiated through a transparent member exposed at a first surface thereof to the deposition environment, and a flow of substantially inert gaseous material is passed along the first surface to minimize deposition thereon.

摘要翻译： 用于从气体沉积膜的方法和装置包括将气体引入到包含基底的沉积环境中，加热基底，并用具有预选能谱的辐射照射气体，使得膜沉积到基底上。 在优选实施例中，辐射的能谱低于或近似等于光化学分解气体所需的能谱。 在另一个实施方案中，通过在其第一表面暴露于沉积环境的透明构件照射气体，并且沿着第一表面通过基本惰性的气态物质的流动，以使其上的沉积最小化。

公开(公告)号：US4419530A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-06

申请号：US347779

申请日：1982-02-11

申请人： Prem Nath

发明人： Prem Nath

IPC分类号： H01L31/04 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/06 ,  H01L25/02 ,  H01L31/18

CPC分类号： H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/022425 ,  H01L31/0508 ,  H02S50/10 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y10S136/29

摘要： A method of electrically isolating portions of a large surface area semiconductor body for various purposes such as the production of improved photovoltaic and semiconductor devices is disclosed herein. In the preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic devices are of the type which include a common, electrically conductive substrate layer, a semiconductor body deposited upon the substrate layer, and a transparent electrically conductive coating layer is deposited atop the amorphous body. The method includes the steps of dividing the semiconductor body into a plurality of electrically-isolated portions which may include a grid pattern, testing the electrical output of each of the isolated portions of the semiconductor body, connecting only those isolated portions providing satisfactory electrical output to an electrically conductive strip which provides an electrical contact from the semiconductor body, and providing an electrical contact on the substrate, whereby the overall efficiency of the photovoltaic or semiconductor device is improved. The improved solar cell includes a plurality of electrically isolated portions into which the semiconductor body thereof is divided, at least one electrically conductive strip, each isolated portion of the semiconductor body which provides satisfactory electrical output is electrically connected to the conductive strip to provide an electrical contact associated with the semiconductor body, an electrical contact associated with the substrate layer, and an upper, electrically-insulating, protective layer and a lower electrically-insulating layer encapsulate the solar cell. A plurality of such solar cells are electrically connected to form a solar cell panel. Other methods of utilizing electrically isolated portions of a semiconductor body include the production of small surface area semiconductor devices from larger surface area semiconductor devices and a process for improving the electrical output of those isolated portions of a semiconductor body which provide unsatisfactory electrical output.

公开(公告)号：US4410265A

公开(公告)日：1983-10-18

申请号：US289232

申请日：1981-08-03

申请人： Herbert C. Ovshinsky

发明人： Herbert C. Ovshinsky

IPC分类号： G03B27/04 ,  G03B27/47 ,  G03B27/48 ,  G03B27/50 ,  G03B27/70

CPC分类号： G03B27/47 ,  G03B27/04

摘要： An intermediate film strip cassette and associated drive apparatus provide a film dispensing system for positioning of intermediate images carried on the filmstrip as it is moved from an exposure station to a final station for image transfer to an archival microfiche film under conditions where bowing stresses are applied to the intermediate film at one or more of the processing stations. The cassette performs both supply and takeup functions, and requires no threading by the operator during film replacement. A combination of external locking drive motors engaging the cassette elements and a compliantly loaded takeup idler within the cassette provides a compliant tension to the film element extended into an imaging area, and suppresses erratic film shifts at the various stations while allowing adequate protection against film breakage arising from said bowing. A sensor associated with the tensioning idler aborts the replication process in case of film breakage, and thus guards against loss of archival records from such causes. In one version a system of film markings and external sensors serves to govern film advance and detect and warn of any incipient end-of-film condition. In an alternative version an encoder wheel sensing system driven by film passage over a transport roller serves to govern film advance.

摘要翻译： 中间膜带盒和相关联的驱动装置提供了一种胶片分配系统，用于定位当胶片从曝光站移动到最终位置时承载在胶片上的中间图像，以在施加弯曲应力的条件下将图像转印到档案缩微胶片 在一个或多个处理站处的中间膜。 盒式录像带执行供电和收纸功能，并且在更换胶片期间不需要操作员进行螺纹加工。 与盒式元件​​接合的外部锁定驱动电动机和盒内的顺从装载的卷取惰轮的组合为延伸到成像区域中的胶片元件提供柔顺的张力，并且可以抑制不同位置处的不稳定的胶片移动，同时允许充分保护胶片损坏 由于鞠躬而产生。 与张力惰轮相关联的传感器在胶片断裂的情况下中止复制过程，从而防止从这种原因丢失档案记录。 在一个版本中，胶片标记和外部传感器的系统用于管理胶片前进，并检测并警告任何初期的胶片末端状态。 在替代版本中，由传送辊上的胶片通过驱动的编码器轮传感系统用于控制胶片前进。

公开(公告)号：US4404926A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-20

申请号：US309577

申请日：1981-10-08

申请人： Mark H. McCormick-Goodhart ,  Vincent D. Cannella ,  Robert Minko

发明人： Mark H. McCormick-Goodhart ,  Vincent D. Cannella ,  Robert Minko

IPC分类号： A61B5/117 ,  G03C5/56 ,  B05B5/00 ,  B41K1/00

CPC分类号： G03C5/56 ,  A61B5/1172 ,  G06K9/00013

摘要： The recording of surface topology is obtained by first bringing the surface into contact with the imaging material-coated side of a dry process dispersion type recording film comprising a transparent substrate on which is coated a very thin, high optical density, opaque body of imaging material, preferably coated with a thin abrasion-resistant protective layer. Radiant energy is then momentarily directed to the imaging material through the transparent substrate. When the heat generated by the absorbed radiant energy is above a given threshold value at a particular location of the imaging material, the material deforms and disperses thereat to form connected or unconnected globules with spaces therebetween. Upon termination of the radiant energy, the dispersed material becomes frozen in place. It was discovered that when a surface having projections and/or depressions, (for example, like that found on the surface of animal or plant tissue) is brought into contact with the recording film as described, at least the projecting portions thereof act as high resolution heat sinks which carry away heat from the imaging material in accordance with the intimacy of contact between the surface involved to be recorded and the side of the recording film contacted thereby, so that heavily heat-sinked points remain opaque and points unengaged by the surface become relatively transparent, to provide a high resolution picture of the surface topology of the contacting body.

摘要翻译： 通过首先使表面与包含透明基底的干法分散型记录膜的成像材料涂覆面接触来获得表面拓扑的记录，在其上涂覆非常薄的，高密度，不透明的成像材料体 ，优选涂覆有薄的耐磨保护层。 辐射能量然后通过透明衬底瞬间引导到成像材料。 当由吸收的辐射能产生的热量在成像材料的特定位置处高于给定的阈值时，材料在其上变形并分散以形成其间具有空间的连接或未连接的球体。 在辐射能量终止时，分散的材料就会冻结就位。 已经发现，如上所述，当具有突起和/或凹陷（例如类似于在动物或植物组织表面上发现的表面）的表面与记录膜接触时，至少其突出部分起到高的作用 根据要记录的表面与与之接触的记录膜的侧面之间的接触的亲密性，从成像材料携带热量的分辨率散热器，使得沉重的散热点保持不透明并且被表面未被注入 变得相对透明，以提供接触体的表面拓扑的高分辨率图像。

公开(公告)号：US4400409A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-23

申请号：US151301

申请日：1980-05-19

申请人： Masatsugu Izu ,  Vincent D. Cannella ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

发明人： Masatsugu Izu ,  Vincent D. Cannella ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

IPC分类号： H01L31/04 ,  C23C16/517 ,  C23C16/54 ,  H01L21/205 ,  H01L27/142 ,  H01L31/046 ,  H01L31/16 ,  H01L31/18

CPC分类号： C23C16/54 ,  C23C16/517 ,  H01L31/046 ,  H01L31/18 ,  Y02E10/50

摘要： The production of improved photovoltaic solar cells and the like comprising both p and n type deposited silicon film regions is made possible by a process which provides more efficient p-doped silicon films with higher acceptor concentrations. The process utilizes previously known p-dopant metal or boron gaseous materials in unique forms and conditions in a glow discharge silicon preferably hydrogen and fluorine compensated deposition process. Thus, p-dopant metals like aluminum may be used in an elemental evaporated form, rather than in a gaseous compound form heretofore ineffectively used and deposited with the glow discharge deposited silicon on substrates kept at lower temperatures where fluorine and hydrogen compensation is most effective. Preferably boron in a gaseous compound form like diborane and other p-dopant metals in a gaseous form are used uniquely during the glow discharge deposition of silicon by heating the substrate to heretofore believed undesirably higher temperatures, like at least about 450.degree. C. to 800.degree. C. where at least fluorine compensation, if desired, is still effective. The improved devices, such as solar cells, can be manufactured in a continuous process on a web type substrate moved through a plurality of film deposition chambers. Each of the chambers is dedicated to depositing a particular type of film layer (p, i or n) and is isolated from the other chambers.

摘要翻译： 通过提供更高效的具有较高受主浓度的p掺杂硅膜的方法，可以实现包括p型和n型沉积硅膜区域的改进的光伏太阳能电池等的生产。 该方法利用先前已知的p-掺杂剂金属或硼气体材料在辉光放电硅中的独特形式和条件，优选氢和氟补偿沉积工艺。 因此，诸如铝的p-掺杂剂金属可以以元素蒸发形式使用，而不是迄今为止无效使用的气体化合物形式，并且将辉光放电沉积的硅沉积在保持在氟和氢补偿最有效的较低温度的基板上。 优选地，在气态化合物中形成的乙硼烷和其它p-掺杂剂金属的硼在硅的辉光放电沉积期间被独特地用于通过加热基底到目前为止认为不期望的较高温度，如至少约450℃至800℃ 如果需要，至少氟补偿仍然有效。 诸如太阳能电池的改进的装置可以在通过多个成膜室移动的网状基板上的连续工艺中制造。 每个室专用于沉积特定类型的膜层（p，i或n）并与其它室隔离。

公开(公告)号：US4363691A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-14

申请号：US208885

申请日：1980-11-21

申请人： Vincent D. Cannella ,  Mark H. McCormick-Goodhart

发明人： Vincent D. Cannella ,  Mark H. McCormick-Goodhart

IPC分类号： A61B5/117 ,  B41K1/00 ,  B32B31/00 ,  G03C5/16

CPC分类号： A61B5/1172 ,  Y10T156/12

摘要： The imaging layers coated side of a heat-responsive recording medium is selectively heat-sinked by the raised portions of live skin tissue contacting the same so that only the unheat-sinked portions of the recording medium will reach an imaging temperature. The source of heat for the film may be a flash lamp directed against the opposite substrate side of the film where the electromagnetic energy thereof is converted into heat when absorbed by the substrate, or may be a source of externally applied heat transmitted through the substrate to the imaging layer of the film. In the latter case, the recording medium is preferably initially in spaced relationship with a heat contact plate which is to be contacted by a heat source, which may be the end face of a piston either pre-heated to a given temperature or having a current heatable resistance thereon to be pulsed with current. In the former case the polymer end face preferably has a low heat conductivity coating thereon. The live skin tissue, like a finger, is pressed against the imaging layer coated side of the recording medium to bring the substrate side thereof against the heat contact plate which receives heat from the piston end face. The plunger is automatically withdrawn from the heat contact plate a short time after the recording medium is pressed against the heat contact plate to prevent any discomfort or burning of the finger.

摘要翻译： 热响应性记录介质的成像层被涂覆的一侧由与其接触的活皮组织的凸起部分选择性地散热，使得只有记录介质的不加热部分达到成像温度。 膜的热源可以是指向膜的相对基板侧的闪光灯，其中当被基板吸收时，其电磁能被转换为热，或者可以是透过基板的外部施加的热源， 胶片的成像层。 在后一种情况下，记录介质优选地最初与热接触板开始间隔开，该接触板将被热源接触，该热接触板可以是预热到给定温度的活塞的端面或具有电流 其上的可耐热电阻用电流脉冲。 在前一种情况下，聚合物端面优选在其上具有低导热性涂层。 将活体皮肤组织像手指一样按压在记录介质的成像层涂覆侧上，使其基板侧抵靠从活塞端面接收热量的热接触板。 在将记录介质按压在热接触板上之后的短时间内，柱塞自动地从热接触板中取出，以防止手指的任何不适或燃烧。