摘要:
An N-substituted amine is produced by reacting an alcohol or aldehyde with ammonia, a primary amine or a secondary amine in the presence of a catalyst comprising:(a) (1) copper, (2) a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, iron and zinc and (3) a metal of the platinum VIII group;(b) (1) copper, (2) cobalt and (3) a metal of the platinum VIII group;(c) (1) copper, (2) a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and zinc, (3) a metal of the platinum VIII group and (4) a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals; or(d) (1) copper, (2) a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and zinc, (3) a metal of the platinum VIII group and (4) a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, tungsten and molybdenum.
摘要:
High surface area, e.g. precipitated, ammonia catalyst precursors are promoted with an alkali metal salt of a transition metal acid, e.g. potassium ferrate, ferrite, permanganate, ruthenate, chromate, or ferrocyanide. The use of such promoters in place of potassium carbonate enables the catalyst to be activated at lower temperatures thus reducing the risk of sintering of the active metal.
摘要:
A catalyst is disclosed which comprises a ruthenium-copper-containing complex of the formulaM.sub.a A.sub.b RuCu.sub.c N.sub.z O.sub.xwhereinM is selected from the group consisting of Ce, Cr, Fe, Mn, and mixtures thereof,A is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or mixture thereof,a is from 0 to about 1,b is from about 0.002 to about 10,c is from about 0.2 to about 20,z is from 0 to about 1% by weight,x is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirements of the other elements, said complex being supported by an activated carbon support having a surface area of at least about 300 square meters per gram.A process for converting mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, particularly synthesis gas, to alcohol with minimal levels of hydrocarbon by-products being formed is also disclosed.
摘要:
Steam dehydrocyclization of paraffinic hydrocarbons to aromatic hydrocarbons is effected in the presence of catalyst, typically a supported rhodium catalyst bearing copper.
摘要:
A nonacidic multimetallic catalytic composite especially useful for the conversion of hydrocarbons comprises a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a nickel component, a lanthanide series component and an alkali or alkaline earth component with a porous carrier material. A specific example of the nonacidic catalytic composite disclosed herein is a composite containing about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % nickel, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % lanthanide series metal and about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
摘要:
A process for the production of o-phenylphenol in the presence of a catal composed of a .gamma.-alumina or silica-alumina support having a BET surface area of 150 - 300 m.sup.2 /g, a pore capacity of 0.50 - 0.85 ml/g and an iron content of at most 0.1 % by weight in terms of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and an alumina content of at least 90 %, the support carrying thereon platinum in an amount of 0.1 - 5.0 % by weight based on the support, iridium in an amount of 0.1 - 0.4 times that of the platinum and an alkali metal oxide in an amount of 0.5 - 8.0 % by weight of the support. o-Phenylphenol is prepared at a high selectivity over a long period of time by supplying onto the catalyst maintained at 300.degree. - 420.degree. C o-cyclohexylphenol or a dehydrodimerized condensate obtained by aldol condensation of cyclohexanone together with gaseous hydrogen in an amount per hour in terms of liquid volume of 0.1 - 1.5 times the volume of the catalyst, and elevating the reaction temperature stepwise or continuously with the lapse of the reaction time, while slowing down, if necessary, the rate of supplying the starting materials, to effect a dehydrogenation reaction.
摘要:
Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting them at dehydrogenation conditions, with a sulfided catalytic composite comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, and a nickel component with a porous carrier material. A specific example of the sulfided nonacidic catalytic composite disclosed herein is a combination of a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component, a nickel component, an alkali or alkaline earth component and a sulfur component with a porous carrier material; wherein the metallic components are uniformly dispersed throughout the porous carrier material; wherein substantially all of the platinum or palladium, iridium and nickel components are present therein in the elemental metallic state or in a sulfided state or in a mixture thereof; wherein substantially all of the alkali or alkaline earth component is present therein in an oxidation state above the elemental metal; wherein the composite contains, on an elemental basis, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum or palladium, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % iridium, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % nickel and about 0.01 to about 1 wt. % sulfur; and wherein the composite is sulfided prior to use in the dehydrogenation method and after the metallic components thereof have been reduced to the elemental metallic state.
摘要:
A method for preparing an olefin oxidation catalyst, which comprises impregnating silver oxide or a water-insoluble silver salt, e.g. silver carbonate, silver carboxylates (having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms), silver chloride, etc., having a surface area of from 20 to 40 m2/g, preferably from 25 to 35 m2/g, with a solution containing a decomposable salt, selected from the group consisting of salts of Groups VII-B, I-B, or the iron group of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, drying said impregnated salt, and activating by contacting with a reducing environment. Preferably the silver compound is silver oxide and said decomposable salt is selected from the group consisting of gold, copper, rhenium, manganese, and iron salts. The catalysts prepared by the instant method are especially effective in the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide.