Preparation of .gamma.-butyrolactone and 1,4-butanediol by catalytic
hydrogenation of maleic acid
    2.
    发明授权
    Preparation of .gamma.-butyrolactone and 1,4-butanediol by catalytic hydrogenation of maleic acid 失效
    通过马来酸的催化氢化制备γ-丁内酯和1,4-丁二醇

    公开(公告)号:US4827001A

    公开(公告)日:1989-05-02

    申请号:US115945

    申请日:1987-11-02

    摘要: Disclosed is the hydrogenation of maleic acid in the presence of a solid iron-containing ruthenium catalyst containing the elements and the ratios indicated by the empirical formula,RuFe.sub.a M.sub.b O.sub.xwhereM is one or more of Pd and Rh,a is 0.1-5,b is zero-3, andx is a number sufficient to satisfy the valency requirements of the cations present in the catalyst,said process being effected by contacting in a reaction zone an excess of hydrogen with an aqueous solution of maleic acid in admixture with said catalyst.

    摘要翻译: 公开了在含有元素的固体含铁钌催化剂和经验式RuFeaMbOx所表示的比率的情况下马来酸的氢化,其中M是Pd和Rh中的一种或多种,​​a是0.1-5,b是 0-3和x是足以满足存在于催化剂中的阳离子的化合价要求的数字,所述方法通过在反应区中使过量的氢与马来酸的水溶液与所述催化剂混合来进行。

    Hydrogenation of carboxylic acids
    4.
    发明授权
    Hydrogenation of carboxylic acids 失效
    羧酸的氢化

    公开(公告)号:US4398039A

    公开(公告)日:1983-08-09

    申请号:US264755

    申请日:1981-05-18

    IPC分类号: C07C67/00 C07C67/08 C07C69/24

    CPC分类号: C07C29/149 C07C67/00

    摘要: A process is provided for the vapor phase hydrogenation of carboxylic acids to yield their corresponding alcohols in the presence of steam and a catalyst comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, at least one of cobalt, nickel, and optionally one of cadmium, zinc, copper, iron, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum. A process is further provided for the preparation of carboxylic acid esters from carboxylic acids in the absence of steam utilizing the above-identified catalysts.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种方法,用于在蒸汽存在下羧酸的气相氢化产生其相应的醇,以及包含钌的混合氧化物的催化剂,钴,镍中的至少一种和任选的镉,锌,铜, 铁,铑,钯,锇,铱和铂。 进一步提供了在不使用上述催化剂的情况下由羧酸制备羧酸酯的方法。

    Hydrocyanation of olefinic alkyl esters
    8.
    发明授权
    Hydrocyanation of olefinic alkyl esters 失效
    烯烃烷基酯的氢氰化

    公开(公告)号:US4367179A

    公开(公告)日:1983-01-04

    申请号:US234124

    申请日:1981-02-13

    IPC分类号: B01J23/02

    CPC分类号: B01J23/02 C07C253/10

    摘要: Cyanoesters are prepared by contacting an olefinic carboxylate ester, e.g. methyl acrylate, with gaseous hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalyst containing an element selected from the group consisting of Group IA metals and Group IIA metals.

    摘要翻译: 氰酸酯是通过使烯属羧酸酯例如 丙烯酸甲酯与气态氰化氢在含有选自IA族金属和IIA族金属的元素的催化剂存在下反应。

    Upgrading synthesis gas
    10.
    发明授权
    Upgrading synthesis gas 失效
    升级合成气

    公开(公告)号:US4496666A

    公开(公告)日:1985-01-29

    申请号:US557725

    申请日:1983-12-02

    摘要: Catalysts comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, palladium or platinum and alkali metals are provided which are useful in the subject process for the upgrading of synthesis gas, particularly for obtaining alkanes and alcohols having at least two carbon atoms, in addition to methane and methanol. Also provided is a temperature gradient reactor useful in synthesis gas upgrading reactions for increasing selectivity to higher carbon number products.

    摘要翻译: 提供包含钌,钯或铂和碱金属的混合氧化物的催化剂,其可用于用于升级合成气的主题方法,特别是用于获得除了甲烷和甲醇之外具有至少两个碳原子的烷烃和醇。 还提供了一种用于合成气改质反应的温度梯度反应器,用于提高对较高碳数产物的选择性。