Abstract:
The low temperature filterability of a petroleum middle distillate fuel, such as a heating oil or a diesel fuel is improved by adding to the fuel a flow improving amount of wool fat and, if desired, a flow improving amount of wool fat in combination with oil-soluble, auxiliary flow-improving material such as: an alkyl aromatic, e.g., the condensation product of chlorinated wax and naphthalene; a polymer of an acrylic ester, such as polyalkyl acrylate; etc. This invention is particularly advantageous in improving the flow of a diesel fuel through a fine filter at low temperatures.
Abstract:
Secondary amines having two straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 8 to 30 carbon atoms each are wax crystal modifiers for middle distillate fuel oils and can be used in combination with polymeric pour point depressants and an amorphous petrolatum, to lower the pour point and/or improve cold flow properties of the oil.
Abstract:
1. A PETROLEUM DISTILLATE FUEL HAVING A BOILING RANGE WITHIN THE LIMITS OF ABOUT 250* F. AND ABOUT 700* F. WHICH HAS BEEN IMPROVED WITH RESPECT TO ITS LOW TEMPERATURE FLOW PROPERTIES BY ADDING THERETO: (A) ABOUT 0.05 TO 2.5 WT. PERCENT OF AN ESSENTIALLY SATURATED AMORPHOUS NORMALLY SOLID PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON FRACTION HAVING A MELTING POINT IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 80* TO 140* F. AND A NUMBER AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT WITHIN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 475 TO 3000, SAID HYDROCARBON FRACTION BEING SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF NORMAL PARAFFIN HYDROCARBONS, AND (B) ABOUT 0.005 TO 0.5 WT. PERCENT OF A FUEL-SOLUBLE ADDITIVE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF: (I) A HALOGENATED ETHYLENE-CONTAINING POLYMER HAVING A HALOGEN CONTENT OF FROM 1 TO 40 WT. PER CENT, AND (II) A HYDROCARBYL SUCCINAMIC ACID MATERIAL OF THE FORMULA; R-CH(-CO-X2)-CH2-CO-X3 WHEREIN R IS A STRAIGHT CHAIN ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON HAVING FROM 0 TO 1 SITE OF OLEFINIC UNSATURATION OF FROM 14 TO 40 CARBON ATOMS AND ATTACHED AT A SECONDARY CARBON ATOMS TO THE SUCCINYL GROUP; ONE OF X2 AND X3 IS -NYY1, WHEREIN Y AND Y1 ARE ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBYL GROUPS OF FROM 14 TO 40 CARBON ATOMS, THE OTHER OF X2 AND X3 IS OF THE FORMULA:
-OH(NHY2Y3)N
WHEREIN N VARIES FROM 0 TO 1, Y2 AND Y3 ARE HYDROGEN, ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON OF FROM 1 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS OR OCYALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON OF FROM 1 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, AND MAY BE TAKEN TOGETHER WITH THE NITROGEN TO WHICH THEY ARE ATTACHED TO FORM A HETEROCYCLIC RING OF FROM 5 TO 7 ANNULAR MEMBERS.
Abstract:
WAX-CONTAINING CRUDE OILS AND RESIDUAL FUELS CONTAINING, AS A POUR POINT DEPRESSANT, A MIXTURE OF OIL SOLUBLE POLYMERS OF OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED MONOMERS HAVING ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON SIDE CHAINS WITH AT LEAST 14 CARBON ATOMS AND OIL SOLUBLE COPOLYMERS OF ETHYLENE AND AN OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC MONOMER HAVING FROM 3 TO 5 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE HAVE IMPROVED POUR POINT CHARACTERISTICS.
Abstract:
THE INVENTION RELATES TO A CROSS-LINKABLE, FLAMMABLE COMPOSITION OF MATTER COMPRISING A HYDROCARBON FUEL, A BUTADIENE POLYMER CONTAINING 2 TO 4 FREE CARBOXYL GROUPS AND 1,3,5-HEXAHYDROAZIRIDINYLPROPIONYL-S-TRIAZINE.