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公开(公告)号：US5251006A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US666139
申请日：1991-03-07
申请人： David E. Honigs , Timothy G. Kelly
发明人： David E. Honigs , Timothy G. Kelly
CPC分类号： G01N21/274 , G01J3/28 , G01J2003/2879 , G01J3/42 , G01N2201/1283
摘要： In a spectrophotometer having an oscillating grating, an automatic calibration system is provided to ensure that the instrument constants are recomputed before each measurement of an unknown sample. In the system, whenever a reference scan is carried out, a second scan through an absorbance standard is carried out automatically and the data obtained is used to correct the instrument coefficients relating the angular position of the grating to the wavelength. The corrected coefficients are then stored to be used in the measurement of the unknown sample immediately thereafter. For near infrared spectrum measurements, the absorbance standard is a polystyrene plate. For visual measurements, the absorbance standard is a didymium plate. The didymium plate is mounted on the polystyrene plates eclipse a portion of the polystyrene plate.
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公开(公告)号：US5233405A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-03
申请号：US788444
申请日：1991-11-06
CPC分类号： G01J3/18 , G01J2003/062 , G01J2003/069 , G01J2003/1819 , G01J2003/1828 , G01J3/0221 , G01J3/2889
摘要： A double pass scanning monochromator for use in an optical spectrum analyzer includes an input optical fiber for emitting an input light beam, a diffraction grating for diffracting the input light beam to produce a spatially dispersed light beam, a slit for passing a selected portion of the dispersed light beam, a motor for rotating the diffraction grating, a shaft angle encoder for sensing grating position, and an output optical fiber. The light that passes through the slit is directed to the diffraction grating and is recombined by the diffraction grating to produce an output light beam. The light beam to be analyzed is incident on the diffraction grating during first and second passes. A polarization rotation device rotates the polarization components of the light beam by 90.degree. between the first and second passes so that the output of the monochromator is independent of the polarization of the input light beam. The output optical fiber is translated by a micropositioning assembly in a plane perpendicular to the output light beam during rotation of the diffraction grating to automatically track the output light beam and to provide optical chopping.
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公开(公告)号：US5223913A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US858631
申请日：1992-03-27
申请人： Osamu Ando , Toshiaki Fukuma
发明人： Osamu Ando , Toshiaki Fukuma
CPC分类号： G01J3/10 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0235 , G01J3/027 , G01J3/06 , G01J2003/063 , G01J2003/064 , G01J2003/1213 , G01J3/18
摘要： A spectrophotometer including: a) a light source switching mechanism for switching a plurality of light sources by swinging a light source mirror; b) a filter selecting mechanism; c) a diffraction grating rotating mechanism; and d) a controller for determining the operation origins of the three driving mechanisms using a rough origin sensor provided for the diffraction grating rotating mechanism and a photometer. The operation of the controller is to: i) determine an origin of the movement of the filter by making an end of the filter frame to touch a stopper; ii) determine a rough origin of the diffraction grating using the rough origin sensor; and iii) determine an origin of the movement of the light source mirror and a precise origin of the movement of the diffraction grating by detecting the position at which the photometer detects the maximum intensity of light.
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公开(公告)号：US5184193A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US293218
申请日：1989-01-04
申请人： David A. LeFebre
发明人： David A. LeFebre
CPC分类号： G01J3/08 , G01J2001/182 , G01J2003/068 , G01J3/42 , G01N2201/04 , G01N2201/0833
摘要： Spectrophotometric apparatus and methodology suitable for continuous and long-term use. The apparatus includes a monochromator providing pre-dispersed monochromatic light to the optical inputs of a pair of fiber optic cables and a translator for alternatively positioning the fiber optic cables at the same location with respect to the monochromator output. One of the cables conducts light to a sample under study while the other cable provides a reference for light intensity measurements. The methodology includes the steps of performing two scans through the monochromator output for each measurement on the sample. The fiber optic cables are moved between scans so that the cable employed in the latter scan occupies the former position of the cable employed in prior scan.
摘要翻译： 分光光度仪和方法适用于连续和长期使用。 该装置包括单色仪，其将预分散的单色光提供给一对光纤电缆的光输入端，以及用于相对于单色仪输出将光纤缆线替代地定位在相同位置处的转换器。 其中一根电缆对正在研究的样品进行光照，而另一根电缆为光强测量提供参考。 该方法包括通过单色仪输出进行两次扫描以对样本进行每次测量的步骤。 光纤电缆在扫描之间移动，使得在后一扫描中使用的电缆占据先前扫描中使用的电缆的前一位置。
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公开(公告)号：US4991934A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US392428
申请日：1989-08-10
申请人： Michael C. Hettrick
发明人： Michael C. Hettrick
CPC分类号： G02B5/1861 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/18 , G01J2003/069 , G01J2003/1847 , G01J2003/1852 , G01J3/1804
摘要： An optical system and method comprising a diffraction grating which consists of diffracting elements spaced from one another by unequal distances. Correction of residual defocusing in the image produced by such a grating is accomplished by translating it along its surface. As one embodiment, a monochromator is constructed on which a self-focusing grating scans the value in wavelength which is transmitted between fixed slits by rotation of the grating about an axis fixed in space. Combined with a translation of the grating along its surface, such a monochromator produces a symmetrical image exactly in focus at the exit slit for all scanned wavelengths.
摘要翻译： 一种光学系统和方法，包括衍射光栅，该衍射光栅由衍射元件彼此间隔不等距离组成。 通过这种光栅产生的图像中的残余散焦的校正是通过沿其表面平移来实现的。 作为一个实施例，构建单色仪，其上自聚焦光栅通过围绕固定在空间中的轴旋转光栅扫描在固定狭缝之间传输的波长值。 结合光栅沿着其表面的平移，这样的单色仪在所有扫描波长的出射狭缝处产生精确对焦的对称图像。
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公开(公告)号：US4979123A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US199765
申请日：1988-05-27
申请人： Keun Y. Yang
发明人： Keun Y. Yang
IPC分类号： G01N21/62 , G01J1/44 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/18 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/32 , G01J3/36 , G01J3/443 , G01N21/67
CPC分类号： G01J3/06 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/36 , G01N21/67 , G01J2001/446 , G01J2003/2866 , G01J2003/2893
摘要： An apparatus for determining concentrations of mineral elements comprising an improved spectrometer wherein the spectrometer functions to diffract the light to be measured by means of a rotary grating and to determine the strength of light by using a single PM tube and further detects the wavelength of the diffracted light, by using a laser beam generator, reflective mirrors, photo diodes so as to analyze the composition and the concentration of mineral elements.
摘要翻译： 一种用于确定矿物元素浓度的装置，包括改进的光谱仪，其中光谱仪用于通过旋转光栅衍射待测量的光并通过使用单个PM管确定光的强度，并进一步检测衍射的波长 光，通过使用激光束发生器，反射镜，光电二极管，以分析矿物元素的组成和浓度。
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公开(公告)号：US4976541A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-11
申请号：US298779
申请日：1989-01-17
CPC分类号： G01J3/06 , G01N21/3103 , G01N2201/0696
摘要： Each sample is analyzed for all desired elements before starting the next sample, using thermal or nonthermal atomizing devices fro liquid or solid samples. Other new features include the grating drive, lamp-carousel alignment, pulsed atom source, lamp-drift compensation, and dynamic range control. The grating is driven by an arm, the arm by a taut band wound on a drum, and the drum directly by a motor. The lamp carousel mounts on an "L"-shaped rocker with one horizontal and one vertical arm. The carousel rotates on a horizontal axis at the end of the vertical arm. The rocker itself pivots on a horizontal axis at the corner of the L; it is driven about its axis by a motor and screw at the other end of the L. Carousel rotation on its axis moves the right lamp into position and adjusts it accurately in a vertical direction. Pivoting of the rocker simultaneously on its corner axis positions the lamp accurately in a horizontal direction. The pulsed atom source is a combined angled-gas-jet-and-discharge unit. During pulses it yields high absorption with better detectability limits; average power is lower. The lamp-drift compensator makes double duty of the absorber pulsation to obtain a lamp-intensity reading between pulses. Dynamic range control is obtained by even further exploiting the pulsation, namely by taking measurements at a known delay (and decay) time after each pulse.
摘要翻译： 在开始下一个样品之前，使用热或非热雾化装置进行液体或固体样品，分析每个样品中所有需要的元素。 其他新功能包括光栅驱动，灯转盘对准，脉冲原子源，灯漂移补偿和动态范围控制。 光栅由臂驱动，手臂由缠绕在鼓上的拉紧带，鼓由电机直接驱动。 灯转盘安装在“L”形摇臂上，一个水平和一个垂直臂。 圆盘传送带在垂直臂的末端在水平轴上旋转。 摇杆本身在L的角落的水平轴上枢转; 它通过马达和其他轴的螺丝驱动。在其轴上的旋转木马旋转将右灯移动到位并在垂直方向上精确地调整它。 摇杆在其角轴上同时旋转将灯在水平方向上准确地定位。 脉冲原子源是组合的倾斜气体喷射和放电单元。 在脉冲期间，它产生高吸收和更好的可检测限制; 平均功率较低。 灯漂移补偿器使吸收器脉动的双重作用获得脉冲之间的灯强度读数。 通过甚至进一步利用脉动，即通过在每个脉冲之后以已知的延迟（和衰减）时间进行测量来获得动态范围控制。
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公开(公告)号：US4968122A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-06
申请号：US313683
申请日：1989-02-21
申请人： Louis Hlousek , Raymond G. Bryan
发明人： Louis Hlousek , Raymond G. Bryan
CPC分类号： G01J3/06 , G02B7/00 , Y10S359/90
摘要： An improved mounting for a rotating diffraction grating assembly as used in a spectrophotometer directly connects the grating to the galvanometer that rotates the grating. The galvanometer is gimbally mounted on a plate so that its position, and that of the grating, can be adjusted so that the plane of dispersion of the grating passes through a desired point when the grating is rotated.
摘要翻译： 在分光光度计中使用的旋转衍射光栅组件的改进的安装将光栅直接连接到旋转光栅的电流计。 电流计平板地安装在板上，使得其位置和光栅的位置可以被调节，使得当光栅旋转时光栅的色散平面通过期望的点。
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公开(公告)号：US4961646A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-09
申请号：US300929
申请日：1989-01-24
申请人： Fortunat Schrammli , Markus Berner , Hans Ott
发明人： Fortunat Schrammli , Markus Berner , Hans Ott
CPC分类号： G01J3/10 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/50 , G01J3/502 , G01N21/474 , G01J3/0224 , G01J3/0264 , G01J3/0272 , G01J3/0283 , G01J3/1838 , G01J3/2803
摘要： A manual device for the detection of photometric data which includes a measuring head to illuminate a measuring surface and to detect the light reflected. The measuring light captured by the measuring head is spectrally decomposed by a monochromator containing a diffraction grating. The intensity of the light exiting through an outlet diaphragm is detected by a photodetector. The spectral position of the measuring light is set by a drive motor rotating a grating shaft connected with the holder of the diffraction grating. From the spectra detected, densitometric and colorimetric data are calculated by a computer, which together with the spectra determined, may be displayed on a display field.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测测光数据的手动装置，其包括测量头以照亮测量表面并检测反射的光。 由测量头捕获的测量光由包含衍射光栅的单色仪进行光谱分解。 通过出口隔膜排出的光的强度由光检测器检测。 测量光的光谱位置由旋转与衍射光栅的支架连接的光栅轴的驱动电机设定。 从所检测的光谱中，通过计算机计算密度和比色数据，其与确定的光谱一起可以显示在显示区域上。
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公开(公告)号：US4930892A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-05
申请号：US248511
申请日：1988-09-23
申请人： Detlev Hadbawnik , Karsten Kraiczek
发明人： Detlev Hadbawnik , Karsten Kraiczek
CPC分类号： G01J3/06 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/2803 , G01J2003/062 , G01J2003/064 , G01J2003/067 , G01J3/1838 , G01N21/31 , G01N30/74
摘要： A photodiode array spectrometer for determining the spectral composition of a plychromatic beam of radiation comprises diffraction means (10) which generate from the polychromatic beam a diffracted beam with a plurality of spatially separated diffracted rays of different wavelengths (.lambda..sub.1, .lambda..sub.2, .lambda..sub.3). A photodiode array (11) receives the diffracted beam whereby each photodiode intercepts a different spectral portion of the beam. A rotatable transparent plate (8) is provided in the beam path in front of the diffraction means (10) which, due to refraction of the beam upon entering and leaving the plate (8), permits to vary the direction of the beam impinging on the diffraction means (10) and therefore the direction of the diffracted beam in small steps depending on the angle of rotation of the plate (8). By the stepwise displacement of the diffracted beam across the photodiode array (11), a better sampling of the diffracted beam and therefore an improved spectral resolution is achieved. The invention can be used in the spectrometric analysis of a sample contained in a sample cell ( 5), whereby the sample cell is irradiated with polychromatic light from a light source (1).
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