摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the separation of strong acid from its salts. In said process, a strong acid salt is reacted with organic weak base (OWB) in the presence of a hydrophilic solvent and CO2. The cation of the strong acid salt is precipitated to produce a carbonate/bicarbonate salt and the strong acid form a liquid salt with the OWB. The above process is performed in a solution comprising both the strong acid salt and the WBO. In the next step, the strong acid is released from its OWB liquid salt and the OWB is returned to a previous step.
摘要:
The present relates to a method for producing calcium sulfate solid crystals and hydrochloric acid (HCl) from a calcium chloride solution comprising the steps of feeding a continuous stirred-tank reactor with a calcium chloride solution, sulfuric acid and water; mixing the calcium chloride solution, sulfuric acid and water in the reactor; and maintaining the reactor a temperature of less than about 70° C., converting the calcium chloride solution, sulfuric acid and water into HCl and calcium sulfate solid crystals. The method described herein can be incorporated as a means for regenerating HCl from CaCl2 solutions which are generated in the metallurgical industry when processing calcium-bearing ores for recovering metals like rare earth elements.
摘要:
A method for processing MgCl2 solutions including the steps of: providing an aqueous solution including 5-25 wt. % of MgCl2 and optionally organic contaminants to a step, wherein water and present, organic components are evaporated; withdrawing aqueous solution with a MgCl2 concentration of 25-35 wt. % from an evaporation step and providing it to a preconcentrator where it is contacted with a HCl containing gas stream at least 300° C.; providing aqueous solution with a MgCl2 concentration of 35-45 wt. % resulting from the preconcentrator to a thermohydrolysis reactor, being at at least 300° C.; withdrawing MgO from the thermohydrolysis reactor in solid form, and withdrawing a HCl containing gas stream from the thermohydrolysis reactor, said HCl-containing gas stream at least 300° C.; providing the HCl-containing gas stream with at least 300° C. to the preconcentrator; withdrawing a HCl-containing gas stream with a temperature of at most 150° C. from the preconcentrator.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an energy efficient carbon dioxide sequestration processes whereby Group 2 silicate minerals and CO2 are converted into limestone and sand using a two-salt thermolytic process that allows for the cycling of heat and chemicals from one step to another.
摘要:
for Processes for converting a methane or a methane containing natural gas to a monohalogenated methane and other downstream basic commodity chemicals going through methanesulfonyl halide as a key intermediate, whereby following its formation, the methanesulfonyl halide is allowed to decompose under a substantially anhydrous condition, preferably in the presence of a catalyst complex, and whereby in addition to the monohalogenated halide, a hydrogen halide and a sulfur dioxide are also formed in the overall conversion, both of which may be recycled back to the beginning of the processes. Additionally, compositions utilizing such a key intermediate for the same purposes are also disclosed.
摘要:
A method for completely reducing an inorganic halide to obtain a non-halogen inorganic substance and/or hydride thereof and preferably anhydrous hydrogen halide fluid using inorganic halide substances, such as sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride, tungsten hexafluoride, uranium hexafluoride and others by reduction with a reducing agent at a proper temperature. The reducing agents may be molecular hydrogen, inorganic hydrides and inorganic metallic elements; molecular hydrogen is preferable, but in certain instances the inorganic hydrides are used, as well as inorganic metallic elements such as calcium and magnesium.
摘要:
Process for the production of hydrogen by the thermochemical route from water, based on the chlorine/cerium cycle, in which, according to a first reaction scheme, the following reactions are carried out: H2O+Cl2=2HCl+½O2; (A) 8HCl+2CeO2=2CeCl3+Cl2+4H2O; (B) 2CeCl3+4H2O=2CeO2+6HCl+H2; (C) or in which, according to a second reaction scheme, the following reactions are carried out: H2O+Cl2=2HCl+½O2; (A) 8HCl+2CeO2=2CeCl3+Cl2+4H2O; (B) 2CeCl3+2H2O=2CeOCl+4HCl; (B′) 2CeOCl+2H2O=2CeO2+2HCl+H2; (C′) and in which the reaction (B) for the chlorination of cerium oxide is carried out in the liquid phase, the cerium chloride passing into solution.
摘要:
There is disclosed a method of recovering chlorine gas from calcium chloride comprising the steps of introducing calcium chloride into a heat-resistant vessel which is provided with a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, heating the calcium chloride up to at least the melting point thereof while introducing an inert gas from the gas inlet pipe into the vessel to produce fused salt of calcium chloride, and heating the interior of the vessel up to at least 1073K and switching a gas to be introduced from the gas inlet pipe from the inert gas to oxygen to allow the fused salt of calcium chloride to react with the oxygen to obtain chlorine gas and calcium oxide, the chlorine gas being subsequently rapidly and continuously discharged from the vessel through the gas outlet pipe.
摘要:
In a method of producing ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, ferrous sulfate monohydrate is converted in a crystallization reactor in the presence of water into ferrous sulfate heptahydrate as crystallized product, and water is subsequently isolated from the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate. Ferrous sulfate monohydrate is obtained from a pickling solution containing ferrous chloride, hydrochloric acid and water and reacted in a precipitating reactor in the presence of excess sulfuric acid to form ferrous sulfate monohydrate and hydrochloric acid. The ferrous sulfate monohydrate is then dehumidified and converted in a crystallization reactor in the presence of excess water into ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.
摘要:
A method of liberating or producing chlorine from hexachloroethane, the method comprising the steps of providing a body comprised of solid hexachloroethane and heating the body to a temperature sufficient to cause the solid hexachloroethane to produce hexachloroethane vapors. Thereafter, the hexachloroethane vapors are exposed to a heated surface and the hexachloroethane vapor decomposed utilizing heat from the heated surface to liberate chlorine from the hexachloroethane vapor.