摘要:
Novel compositions of matter comprising a cationic layered material and a second compound. The second compound has a reflection in its XRD pattern at 18.5 degrees two-theta, and s second reflection at 29 degrees two-theta. The composition of matter may be used in hydrocarbon conversion, purification, and synthesis processes, such as fluid catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing. The materials are especially suitable for the reduction of SOx and NOx emissions and the reduction of the sulfur and nitrogen content in fuels like gasoline and diesel.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of an aluminium phosphate-containing composition wherein an aluminium source is converted partly to aluminium phosphate using a phosphorus-containing compound and partly to (i) an anionic clay and/or a Al-MII mixed metal (hydr)oxide using a divalent metal (MII) source, (ii) an aluminosilicate using a silicon source, and/or (iii) a MII- aluminosilicate using both a divalent metal source and a silicon source.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of an oxidic catalyst composition consisting of one or more trivalent metals preferably aluminum, one or more divalent metals preferably magnesium and more than 18 wt % of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of rare earth metal compounds, phosphorus compounds, and transition metal compounds, which process comprises the steps of preparing a precursor mixture consisting of (i) or more trivalent metal compounds, (ii) one or more divalent metal compounds, (iii) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of rare earth metal compounds, and transition metal compounds, and (iv) optionally water, which precursor mixture is not a solution. The resulting oxidic catalyst composition is suitable as a metal trap and SOx sorbent FCC processes.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of an additive-containing anionic clay comprising the steps of (a) preparing a physical mixture of a divalent and a trivalent metal compound, (b) calcining the physical mixture at a temperature in the range 200-800° C. without performing a prior aging or shaping step, thereby forming a product containing at least 5 wt % of a rehydratable compound, and (c) rehydrating the calcined mixture in aqueous suspension containing an additive to form the additive-containing anionic clay.This process provides a simple and cost-effective way of preparing additive-containing anionic clays. The process does neither require aging or reaction steps before calcination, nor does it require precipitation of metal salts or the handling of inhomogeneous slurries.
摘要:
Oxidic composition consisting essentially of oxidic forms of a first metal, a second metal, and optionally a third metal, the first metal being either Ca or Ba and being present in the composition in an amount of from about 5 to about 80 wt %, the second metal being Al and being present in the composition in an amount of from about 5 to about 80 wt %, the third metal being selected from the group consisting of La, Ti, and Zr, and being present in an amount of from 0 to about 17 wt %—all weight percentages calculated as oxides and based on the weight of the oxidic composition, the oxidic composition being obtainable by (a) preparing a physical mixture comprising solid compounds of the first, the second, and the optional third metal, (b) optionally aging the physical mixture, without anionic clay being formed, and (c) calcining the mixture. This composition is suitable for use in FCC processes for the passivation of metals with only minimal influence on the zeolite's hydrothermal stability.
摘要:
“FCC equilibrium catalysts, even when highly contaminated with vanadium, can be upgraded to make them suitable again for use in catalytic processes, for instance, as catalyst additives in FCC, by employing a process comprising the steps of (a) treating an FCC equilibrium catalyst that contains alumina and zeolite with an acidic solution to obtain an acid-treated equilibrium catalyst, and (b) contacting the acid-treated equilibrium catalyst with an aqueous solution or suspension of a divalent metal compound.”
摘要:
Process for the preparation of an oxidic composition comprising a trivalent metal, a divalent metal and—calculated as oxide and based on the total composition—more than 18 wt % of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of rare earth metal compounds, phosphorus compounds, and transition metal compounds, which process comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a precursor mixture comprising (i) a compound 1 being a trivalent metal compound, (ii) a compound 2 being a divalent metal compound, and (iii) a compound 3 being different from compounds 1 and 2 and being selected from the group consisting of rare earth metal compounds, phosphorus compounds, and transition metal compounds, (b) optionally aging the mixture, without anionic clay being formed, (c) drying the mixture, and (d) calcining the product of step c). The resulting oxidic composition is suitable as a metal trap and SOx sorbent FCC processes.
摘要翻译:用于制备包含三价金属,二价金属和以氧化物计算并基于总组合物的氧化组合物的方法 - 大于18重量%的一种或多种选自稀土金属化合物,磷 化合物和过渡金属化合物,该方法包括以下步骤:(a)制备前体混合物,其包含(i)化合物1为三价金属化合物,(ii)化合物2为二价金属化合物,和(iii) 化合物3不同于化合物1和2,并且选自稀土金属化合物,磷化合物和过渡金属化合物,(b)任选地老化该混合物,而不形成阴离子粘土,(c)干燥 混合物,和(d)煅烧步骤c)的产物。 所得的氧化物组合物适合用作金属捕集剂和SO x x吸附剂FCC方法。
摘要:
Process for the preparation of quasi-crystalline boehmite comprising the steps of: (a) preparing an aqueous precursor mixture comprising a water-insoluble aluminium source; (b) decreasing the pH of the precursor mixture of step (a) by at least 2 units; (c) increasing the pH of the mixture of step (b) by at least 2 units, and (d) aging the mixture of step (c) under hydrothermal conditions to form a quasi-crystalline boehmite. This process provides for the hydrothermal preparation of quasi-crystalline boehmites with high peptizability. The invention therefore further relates to quasi-crystalline boehmites with a high peptizability, measured as the Z-average submicron particle size. This Z-average submicron particle size preferably is less than 500 nm, more preferably less than 300 nm, even more preferably less than 200 nm, and most preferably less than 100 nm.
摘要:
A continuous process for the hydrothermal conversion of a solid starting iron compound selected from the group of iron oxides, iron hydroxides, iron oxyhydroxides, and mixtures thereof into a solid product iron compound with different physical, chemical, and/or structural properties. The process comprises the steps of a) dispersing the solid starting iron compound in a liquid thus forming a suspension, and b) feeding the suspension continuously though one or more agitated conversion vessel(s), in which vessel(s) the solid starting iron compound is converted into the solid product iron compound under hydrothermal conditions.
摘要:
A catalyst composition comprising about 5–55 wt % metal-doped anionic clay, about 10–50 wt % zeolite, about 5–40 wt % matrix alumina, about 0–10 wt % silica, about 0–10 wt % of other ingredients, and balance kaolin. In metal-doped anionic clays, the additive, i.e. the metal dopant, is distributed more homogeneously within the anionic clay than in impregnated anionic clays, without separate phases of additive being present. Hence, abrasion of this catalyst composition will result in microfines poorer in additive than the prior art composition. Furthermore, the catalyst composition according to the invention results in a higher reduction of sulfur in fuels such as gasoline and diesel than is the case in compositions comprising impregnated anionic clay.