摘要:
A process for the preparation of a metal-doped pentasil-type zeolite comprising the steps of: a) preparing an aqueous precursor mixture comprising a silicon source and an aluminum source, at least one of these sources being doped with a rare earth metal or a transition metal of Groups Vb–VIIIb, Ib, or IIb of the Periodic System, and b) thermally treating the precursor mixture to form a metal-doped pentasil-type zeolite. With this process, metal-doped pentasil-type zeolites can be prepared while the risk of precipitation of the dopant as a separate phase is minimized.
摘要:
The invention pertains to a continuous process for the conversion of inorganic solid starting particles which either are amorphous or possess a degree of order into inorganic solid product particles which (a) when the starting particles are amorphous, possess a degree of order, or (b) when the starting particles possess a degree of order, possess a different order, a different degree of order, or no order, which product particles are suitable for use in or as a catalyst, in or as a carrier, or in or as an adsorbent, in which process the starting particles are dispersed in a liquid thus forming a suspension. The suspension flows through at least two separate conversion vessels (3) which are connected in series and the suspension is agitated in each of these vessels (3). The invention furthermore relates to an apparatus suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention. This invention allows the processing of suspension with a high Solids to Liquid Ratio.
摘要:
Process for upgrading a liquid hydrocarbon feed comprising the steps of (a) preparing a slurry comprising the hydrocarbon feed having a boiling range above 350° C. and solid particles comprising a rehydratable material, (b) thermally treating said slurry at a temperature in the range of 250 to 550° C., (c) optionally separating the thermally treated slurry into (I) a lower boiling fraction and (ii) a higher boiling fraction containing the solid particles and formed coke, if any, and (d) separating the solid particles and formed coke, if any, from the thermally treated slurry resulting from step b) or the higher boiling fraction of step c).
摘要:
An apparatus and continuous process for the conversion of one solid iron compound to another solid iron compound in a heterogeneous suspension wherein the suspension is formed by dispersing a solid starting iron compound in a liquid that is continuously fed through one or more agitated conversion vessels under hydrothermal conditions and converted to a solid product iron compound having different physical, chemical, or structural properties from the solid starting iron compound.
摘要:
Process for upgrading a liquid hydrocarbon feed comprising the steps of (a) preparing a slurry comprising the hydrocarbon feed having a boiling range above 350° C. and solid particles comprising a rehydratable material, (b) thermally treating said slurry at a temperature in the range of 250 to 550° C., (c) optionally separating the thermally treated slurry into (I) a lower boiling fraction and (ii) a higher boiling fraction containing the solid particles and formed coke, if any, and (d) separating the solid particles and formed coke, if any, from the thermally treated slurry resulting from step b) or the higher boiling fraction of step c).
摘要:
Process for the preparation of a catalyst comprising the steps of (a) preparing a slurry comprising clay, zeolite, a sodium-free silica source, quasi-crystalline boehmite, and micro-crystalline boehmite, provided that the slurry does not comprise peptised quasi-crystalline boehmite, (b) adding a monovalent acid to the slurry, (c) adjusting the pH of the slurry to a value above 3, and (d) shaping the slurry to form particles. This process results in attrition resistant catalysts with a good accessibility.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of catalyst particles with a particle diameter in the range 20–2000 microns involving the steps of agitating at least two dry catalyst ingredients, spraying a liquid binding agent on the catalyst ingredients while continuing the agitation, and isolating formed catalyst particles with the desired particle diameter and comprising the catalyst ingredients. In contrast to the conventional way of preparing such particles, spray-drying, the present process allows the formation of small particles from slurries with a high solids content. Hence, smaller amounts of liquid have to be evaporated, which makes the process energy efficient.
摘要:
Oxidic composition consisting essentially of oxidic forms of a first metal, a second metal, and optionally a third metal, the first metal being either Ca or Ba and being present in the composition in an amount of from about 5 to about 80 wt %, the second metal being Al and being present in the composition in an amount of from about 5 to about 80 wt %, the third metal being selected from the group consisting of La, Ti, and Zr, and being present in an amount of from 0 to about 17 wt %—all weight percentages calculated as oxides and based on the weight of the oxidic composition, the oxidic composition being obtainable by(a) preparing a physical mixture comprising solid compounds of the first, the second, and the optional third metal, (b) optionally aging the physical mixture, without anionic clay being formed, and (c) calcining the mixture.This composition is suitable for use in FCC processes for the passivation of metals with only minimal influence on the zeolite's hydrothermal stability.
摘要:
A combined process for the conversion of solid starting particles into solid intermediate particles and reducing the median diameter of the intermediate particles to obtain product particles. This process involves flowing a suspension of starting particles through a series of at least two conversion vessels, thereby converting at least part of the starting particles into intermediate particles, adding a supercritical fluid to one or more of the conversion vessels, thereby forming a supercritical suspension, and releasing pressure from the supercritical suspension, thereby expanding the suspension and converting the intermediate particles into product particles.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of doped pentasil-type zeolite, which process comprises the steps of: a) preparing an aqueous precursor mixture from a silicon source, an aluminium source, and doped non-zeolitic seeds; and b) thermally treating the precursor mixture to form a doped pentasil-type zeolite. The term “non-zeolitic seeds” includes seeds made from materials selected from the group consisting of (i) X-ray amorphous materials, (ii) milled crystalline materials, such as milled zeolites, that have a relative crystallinity of not more than 75%, and (iii) crystalline materials other than zeolites, such as clays (e,g, bentonite and kaolin) and (low) crystalline aluminas.