公开(公告)号：US06787630B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-07

申请号：US08520662

申请日：1995-08-28

申请人： Ligia Dominguez De Walter ,  Banks Bryan Moore ,  Peter Klein

发明人： Ligia Dominguez De Walter ,  Banks Bryan Moore ,  Peter Klein

IPC分类号： C08G6382

CPC分类号： C08G63/20 ,  C08G63/60 ,  C08G63/82 ,  C08G63/85 ,  C08G63/87

摘要： Process for the preparation of heat-stable, antimony-free polyesters of neutral color and the products which can be prepared by this process A process for the preparation of heat-stable, antimony-free polyesters of neutral color by esterification of aromatic dicarboxylic acids or transesterification of lower aliphatic esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids with aliphatic diols and subsequent polycondensation in which a possible transesterification is carried out in the presence of 20 to 120 ppm, based on the catalyst metal, of a transesterification catalyst, after the esterification or transesterification has ended, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid and/or phosphonic acids or a derivative thereof are added to the esterification or transesterification batch as a completing agent in an amount which is 100% of the amount equivalent to the transesterification catalyst employed and up to 99% of the amount equivalent to the cobalt to be employed, up to 80 ppm of cobalt in the form of a cobalt compound are then added to the batch, and the polycondensation is carried out without the addition of antimony, in the presence of 1 to 10 ppm of titanium, which is added in the form of a titanium compound, and if appropriate in the presence of up to 1000 ppm of organic compounds which donate crosslinking structural groups (pentaerythritol) and if appropriate up to 50 ppm of an optical brightener, is described. The polyester obtainable by this process is furthermore described.

摘要翻译： 用于制备中性色的热稳定，无锑聚酯的方法以及可通过该方法制备的产品一种通过芳族二羧酸酯化或酯交换反应制备中性色热稳定的无锑聚酯的方法 的芳族二羧酸的低级脂族酯与脂肪族二醇的混合物，随后缩聚，其中在酯化或酯交换反应结束后，基于催化剂金属，酯交换催化剂为20〜120ppm，可能进行酯交换反应， 将磷酸，亚磷酸和/或膦酸或其衍生物作为完成剂加入酯化或酯交换批次中，其量为与所用酯交换催化剂相当的量的100％，高达99％的量 相当于所用的钴，高达80ppm的钴形式的钴 然后将化合物加入到批料中，并且在1至10ppm的钛的存在下，不加入锑进行缩聚，钛以钛化合物的形式加入，并且如果合适的话，在上述的存在下 至1000ppm的赋予交联结构基团（季戊四醇）的有机化合物，如果合适，则为高达50ppm的荧光增白剂。此外还描述了可通过该方法获得的聚酯。

公开(公告)号：US06664463B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US09525411

申请日：2000-03-15

申请人： Mark R. Treiber ,  Peter Klein ,  Grant M. Smith

发明人： Mark R. Treiber ,  Peter Klein ,  Grant M. Smith

IPC分类号： H05K900

CPC分类号： H01L23/552 ,  G06F1/20 ,  H01L23/4093 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： An apparatus is provided for dissipating heat from an electronic component, such as a processor, that is mounted in a conductive enclosure and for shielding electromagnetic radiation generated by the electronic component. The apparatus includes a heat sink that is configured to be mounted to a surface of the electronic component. The apparatus also includes a conductor connected to the heat sink. The conductor is configured to provide electrical contact between the heat sink and a surface of the conductive enclosure. Accordingly, the apparatus at least partially shields the electromagnetic radiation generated by the electronic component. A corresponding method is also provided.

摘要翻译： 提供一种用于从诸如处理器的电子部件散热的装置，其安装在导电外壳中并用于屏蔽由电子部件产生的电磁辐射。 该装置包括被配置为安装到电子部件的表面的散热器。 该装置还包括连接到散热器的导体。 导体被配置为在散热器和导电外壳的表面之间提供电接触。 因此，该装置至少部分地屏蔽由电子部件产生的电磁辐射。 还提供了相应的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06600110B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-29

申请号：US09965798

申请日：2001-10-01

申请人： Mohan Thadani ,  Peter Klein

发明人： Mohan Thadani ,  Peter Klein

IPC分类号： G01G2128

CPC分类号： G01G1/36 ,  G01G1/18 ,  Y10S177/03

摘要： A portable scale is provided that includes a fulcrum, a balance beam pivotally mounted on the fulcrum, the balance beam supporting a load pan on one end and including an elongated portion having a measurement strip extending along the elongated portion of the balance beam. The portable scale includes a dynamic weight movable along the elongated portion of the balance beam. The dynamic weight includes a display unit on the elongated portion of the balance beam for detecting the location of the dynamic weight along the measurement strip, for electrically converting the location to a weight measurement, and for displaying the weight measurement. The portable scale may include luminescent material.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种便携式秤，其包括支点，枢转地安装在支点上的平衡梁，平衡梁在一端支撑负载盘，并且包括具有沿着平衡梁的细长部分延伸的测量条的细长部分。 便携式刻度尺包括沿平衡梁的细长部分移动的动态重量。 动态重量包括在平衡梁的细长部分上的显示单元，用于检测沿着测量条的动态重量的位置，用于将位置电动转换为重量测量值，并显示重量测量值。 便携式秤可以包括发光材料。

公开(公告)号：US06502545B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

申请号：US09709348

申请日：2000-11-13

申请人： Thomas Ganser ,  Igor Gruden ,  Rainer Kessler ,  Peter Klein ,  Charles Robert Koch ,  Kurt Maute ,  Klaus Wunderlich

发明人： Thomas Ganser ,  Igor Gruden ,  Rainer Kessler ,  Peter Klein ,  Charles Robert Koch ,  Kurt Maute ,  Klaus Wunderlich

IPC分类号： F02D1300

CPC分类号： F02D13/0234 ,  F02D11/105 ,  F02D13/0253 ,  F02D37/02 ,  F02D41/0002 ,  F02D41/008 ,  F02D41/107 ,  F02D2041/001 ,  F02D2041/002 ,  F02D2041/1409 ,  F02D2041/141 ,  F02D2041/1432 ,  F02D2200/0402 ,  F02D2200/0406 ,  F02D2200/0414 ,  F02D2200/703 ,  Y02T10/18 ,  Y02T10/42

摘要： A method for adjusting an internal combustion engine with variable valve timing wherein the current position of the accelerator pedal is associated with a set air mass and a set pressure. The set pressure is compared with a reference pressure and control of the set air mass takes place via the throttling device in the intake pipe when the pressure falls below the reference pressure, and control of the set air mass is carried out via the engine valves when the pressure exceeds the reference pressure.

摘要翻译： 一种用于调节具有可变气门正时的内燃机的方法，其中加速器踏板的当前位置与设定的空气质量和设定压力相关联。 将设定压力与参考压力进行比较，当压力低于参考压力时，通过进气管中的节流装置进行设定空气质量的控制，并且通过发动机气门进行设定空气质量的控制， 压力超过参考压力。

公开(公告)号：US06228028B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-08

申请号：US08966430

申请日：1997-11-07

申请人： Peter Klein ,  Markus Marquart ,  Bernhard Mumm

发明人： Peter Klein ,  Markus Marquart ,  Bernhard Mumm

IPC分类号： A61B800

CPC分类号： G01S15/8993 ,  G01S7/52025 ,  G01S7/5205

摘要： The ultrasound imaging system and method of the present invention defines the gray-scale value and other parameters for each of a plurality of image elements in an output volume by determining all of the image information in the scanning planes that is contained within a defined portion of the output volume (which contains the image element) and thereafter simultaneously analyzing the selected image information. These steps are repeated for each of the image elements in the output volume.

摘要翻译： 本发明的超声成像系统和方法通过确定扫描平面内的所有图像信息来定义输出体积中的多个图像元素中的每一个的灰度值和其它参数， 输出音量（其包含图像元素），然后同时分析所选择的图像信息。 对于输出卷中的每个图像元素重复这些步骤。

公开(公告)号：US5741586A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-21

申请号：US831527

申请日：1997-04-01

申请人： Dirk Zierer ,  Peter Klein

发明人： Dirk Zierer ,  Peter Klein

IPC分类号： C08G63/181 ,  C08G63/199 ,  C08G63/672 ,  D02G3/00 ,  C08G63/18

CPC分类号： C08G63/181 ,  C08G63/199 ,  C08G63/672 ,  Y10T428/2913

摘要： Polyesters are disclosed containing at least 0.1 mol % of the structural repeat units of the formula I and optionally up to 99.9 mol % of the structural repeat units of the formula II --O--OC--Ar.sup.1 --CO--O--R.sup.1 -- (I) --O--OC--Ar.sup.2 --CO--O--R.sup.2 -- (II) where Ar.sup.1 is a radical of the formula III and/or of the formula IV and/or of the formula V ##STR1## Ar.sup.2 is a bivalent mono- or polycyclic aromatic radical which differs from the radicals of the formulae III, IV and V, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently of each other a bivalent cycloaliphatic radical derived from cyclohexanedimethanol, a radical of the formula --.sub.n H.sub.2n -- and/or a radical of the formula --�C.sub.m H.sub.2m --O--!.sub.x --C.sub.m H.sub.2m --, where n is an integer between 2 and 10, m is an integer between 2 and 10, and x is an integer from 1 to 20, Y is a direct C--C bond, --NR.sup.3 --, --S-- or --O--, Z is a direct C--C bond or a bridging group --O--, --C.sub.q H.sub.2q --, --S--, --CO-- or --SO.sub.2 --, q is an integer from 1 to 10, R.sup.3 is a univalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical, preferably methyl, R.sup.4 is a radical of the formula --C.sub.o H.sub.2o+1 and/or a radical of the formula --�C.sub.p H.sub.2p --O--!.sub.z --R.sup.5, R.sup.5 is a univalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical, preferably methyl, o is an integer from 6 to 30, p is an integer from 2 to 10, y is an integer from 1 to 4, and z is an integer from 1 to 10. The polyesters are notable for a low viscosity and are advantageous to process into shaped structures.

摘要翻译： 公开的聚酯包含至少0.1mol％的式I结构重复单元和任选至多99.9mol％的式II-OC-Ar1-CO-O-R1-（I）的结构重复单元， -O-OC-Ar 2 -CO-O-R 2 - （II）其中Ar 1是式III的基团和/或式IV和/或式V的基团（III） （V）Ar2是与式III，IV和V的基团不同的二价单环或多环芳族基团，R 1和R 2彼此独立地是来自环己烷二甲醇的二价脂环族基团， 式-nH2n-和/或式 - [CmH2m-O-] x-CmH2m-的基团，其中n是2和10之间的整数，m是2和10之间的整数，x是从 1至20，Y是直接的CC键，-NR 3 - ， - S-或-O-，Z是直接的CC键或桥连基团-O - ， - C≡H2 q - ， - S - ， - CO-或 - SO 2 - ，q是1至10的整数，R 3是一价脂族，脂环族，芳族或芳脂族基 自由基，优选甲基，R4是式-CoH 2 O + 1的基团和/或式 - [CpH 2 -O-] z -R 5的基团，R 5是一价脂族，脂环族，芳族或芳脂族基团，优选甲基 ，o为6〜30的整数，p为2〜10的整数，y为1〜4的整数，z为1〜10的整数。聚酯对于低粘度而言是有利的， 加工成成型结构。

公开(公告)号：US5693842A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-02

申请号：US711736

申请日：1996-09-05

申请人： Hans-Jerg Kleiner ,  Volker Freudenberger ,  Peter Klein

发明人： Hans-Jerg Kleiner ,  Volker Freudenberger ,  Peter Klein

IPC分类号： C07F9/32 ,  C07F9/53 ,  C07F9/6571 ,  C07F9/6574 ,  C07F9/02

CPC分类号： C07F9/657172 ,  C07F9/3211 ,  C07F9/5304

摘要： The invention relates to a process for preparing phosphorus-containing compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are an alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclohexyl radical, a cyclopentyl radical, an aryl radical or a halogen-, alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted aryl radical, where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the phosphorus atom can also form a ring, n and m=0 or 1 and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are alkyl radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or n=0, m=0 or 1 and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, by adding compounds of the formula II ##STR2## into dialkyl esters of fumaric acid or of maleic acid of the formula (III) or dialkyl esters of itaconic acid of the formula (IV) ##STR3## in which R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 have the meaning given above, and, optionally reacting an alkyl ester of a phosphorus-containing dicarboxylic acid of the formula (I), where n=0, with water in the presence of catalytic amounts of an acid to give the phosphorus-containing dicarboxylic acid.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及制备具有1至8个碳原子的式I的含磷化合物的方法，环己基，环戊基，芳基或卤素，烷基或烷氧基取代的芳基，其中 R 1和R 2与磷原子一起也可以形成环，n和m = 0或1，并且R 3和R 4是具有1至4个碳原子的烷基或n = 0，m = 0或1，并且R 3和R 4是H 通过将式II的化合物（II）加入到富马酸的二烷基酯或式（III）的马来酸或式（IV）的衣康酸的二烷基酯中。 >，并且在催化量的酸存在下，任选使式（I）的含磷二羧酸的烷基酯（其中n = 0）与水反应，得到含磷二羧酸。

公开(公告)号：US5662852A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-02

申请号：US368435

申请日：1995-01-04

申请人： Uwe Kampschulte ,  Peter Klein ,  Richard Neuert

发明人： Uwe Kampschulte ,  Peter Klein ,  Richard Neuert

IPC分类号： C08J3/215 ,  B29C47/00 ,  B29C55/02 ,  B29K77/00 ,  B29L7/00 ,  C08G69/32 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08L77/00 ,  C08L77/10 ,  D01F1/04 ,  D01F6/80 ,  D01F6/90 ,  D01F6/00

CPC分类号： C08J5/18 ,  C08G69/32 ,  D01F1/04 ,  D01F6/805 ,  C08J2377/10

摘要： A process for producing mass-colored fiber or film, comprises the steps of:a) preparing a premix by grinding a composition comprising a polar aprotic organic solvent, 5 to 30% by weight of an aromatic polyamide and 0.5 to 5% by weight of a color-conferring solid component so that the color-conferring solid component has particles with an average diameter of less than 200 nm,b) preparing a forming solution by mixing the premix produced in step a) with a solution comprising a polar aprotic organic solvent and an aromatic polyamide which corresponds to the aromatic polyamide used in step a), just upstream of a forming die,c) extruding the forming solution through the forming die which comprises orifices in a predetermined number and shape to produce primary fiber or film,d) removing the polar aprotic organic solvent in a conventional manner to leave solvent-leaner or-free fiber or film of sufficient mechanical stability and nontackiness for further processing, ande) optionally orienting the resulting fiber or film in a convention manner.

摘要翻译： 一种生产大量着色的纤维或薄膜的方法，包括以下步骤：a）通过研磨包含极性非质子有机溶剂，5-30重量％的芳族聚酰胺和0.5-5重量％的芳族聚酰胺的组合物， 使得赋色性固体成分具有平均直径小于200nm的颗粒，b）通过将步骤a）中制备的预混物与包含极性非质子性有机溶剂的溶液混合来制备成型溶液 和对应于步骤a）中使用的芳族聚酰胺的芳族聚酰胺，刚好在成形模具的上游; c）通过包含预定数量和形状的孔口的成形模挤出成型溶液以产生初级纤维或膜，d ）以常规方式去除极性非质子有机溶剂，以留下具有足够的机械稳定性和非粘性的溶剂稀或不含纤维以进一步加工，以及e）任选定向 以常规的方式对所得到的纤维或膜进行处理。

公开(公告)号：US5432255A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-11

申请号：US55234

申请日：1993-04-28

申请人： Holger Jung ,  Peter Klein ,  Uwe Kampschulte

发明人： Holger Jung ,  Peter Klein ,  Uwe Kampschulte

IPC分类号： C08G69/32 ,  D01F6/60 ,  C08G69/28 ,  C08G69/26

CPC分类号： D01F6/605 ,  C08G69/32

摘要： A process is described for preparing directly spinnable polymer solutions containing as fiber-forming substance polymers containing at least 95 mol %, based on the polymer, of the recurring structural unit of the formula I[--CO--R.sup.1 --CO--NH--R.sup.2 --NH--] (I)and up to 5 mol % of structural units as formed in the conversion/reaction of aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dicarbonyl dichlorides and/or diamines. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently of each other 1,6-naphthylene, 1,7-naphthylene, 2,7-naphthylene, 3,4'-biphenyldiyl or 1,3-phenylene. The polymers prepared by reacting diamines of the formula (II) with dicarbonyl dichlorides of the formula (III) in solutionH.sub.2 N--R.sup.2 --NH.sub.2 (II)ClOC--R.sup.1 --COCl (III)The process contains the steps ofa) presenting the diamines as initial charge in the form of a solution in N-methylpyrrolidone,b) adding the dicarbonyl dichlorides to this solution,c) using starting monomers having a purity of greater than 99.9% and a water content of less than 70 ppm, measured by the method of Karl Fischer,d) polycondensing at temperatures between -20.degree. and 100.degree. C. with forced circulation of the reaction solution,e) terminating the polycondensation at a certain inherent viscosity of the polymer of at least 1.5 dl/g, measured on a 0.5% strength polymer solution in concentrated H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 at 25.degree. C., by neutralizating of the reaction solution by addition of basic alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salts.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种制备直接可纺性聚合物溶液的方法，该溶液含有作为纤维形成物质聚合物，该聚合物含有基于聚合物的至少95mol％的式I [-CO-R1-CO-NH-R2- NH - ]（I）和至多5mol％的芳族，脂族或脂环族二羰基二氯化物和/或二胺的转化/反应中形成的结构单元。 R1和R2彼此独立地为1,6-亚萘基，1,7-亚萘基，2,7-亚萘基，3,4'-联苯基或1,3-亚苯基。 通过使式（II）的二胺与式（III）的二羰基二氯化物在溶液H 2 N-R 2 -NH 2（II）ClOC-R 1 -COCl（III）中反应制备的聚合物该方法包括以下步骤：a） 作为N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液形式的初始电荷，b）向该溶液中加入二羰基二氯化物，c）使用纯度大于99.9％，水含量低于70ppm的起始单体，通过 Karl Fischer的方法，d）在-20℃至100℃的温度下进行缩聚，强制循环反应溶液，e）在聚合物的某一特性粘度下终止至少1.5dl / g的缩聚， 通过加入碱性碱金属和/或碱土金属盐中和反应溶液，在25℃下在浓H 2 SO 4中加入0.5％强度的聚合物溶液。

公开(公告)号：US5266672A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-30

申请号：US905893

申请日：1992-06-29

申请人： Georg-Emerich Miess ,  Peter Klein ,  Karl Heinrich

发明人： Georg-Emerich Miess ,  Peter Klein ,  Karl Heinrich

IPC分类号： C08G69/26 ,  C08G69/32 ,  D01F6/60 ,  C08G69/12

CPC分类号： C08G69/32 ,  C08G69/265

摘要： Aromatic copolyamides are described which are soluble in organic polyamide solvents and which essentially consist of the recurring structural units of the formulae Ia, Ib and Ic ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are divalent aromatic radicals, the valency bonds of which are in the para position or in a comparable coaxial or parallel position relative to one another, R.sup.2 is a radical of the formula III ##STR2## and R.sup.3 is a radical of the formula IV ##STR3## The mole fractions of the individual structural features in the copolyamides are fixed within selected limits. Fibers composed of the copolyamides claimed are distinguished by a high stretchability.

摘要翻译： 描述了芳族共聚酰胺，其可溶于有机聚酰胺溶剂，并且其基本上由式Ia，Ib和Ic [OCR1CONHR2NH]，（Ia）[OCR1CONHR3NH]，（Ib）[OCR1CONHR3NH]，（Ib）[OCR1CONHR4NH]，（Ic）的重复结构单元组成 R 1和R 4是二价芳族基团，其价键位于相对于彼此的对位或相当的同轴或平行位置，R 2是式III的基团（III），并且R 3是基团 （IV）共聚酰胺中各个结构特征的摩尔分数固定在选定的范围内。 由所要求的共聚酰胺组成的纤维具有高的拉伸性。