Abstract:
There is provided a transmission diversity system. In the case where an MS supporting a different antenna transmission diversity scheme enters the service area of a 4-antenna transmission diversity UTRAN, the UTRAN can transmit pilot signals and common data signals to the MS without the need of modifications to the MS. Therefore, power is distributed among antennas of the UTRAN and system capacity is increased.
Abstract:
An encoding/decoding apparatus and method for an orientation interplator node are provided. The encoding/decoding apparatus for an orientation interpolator node, which provides rotational information of an object in a 3-dimensional space, is formed of “key information” which indicates a time when a rotational movement occurs and “key value information” which indicates a rotational posture corresponding to the time. A predictive coding apparatus is used in the encoding process for compressing the information of the key and key value information. Therefore, in encoding an input orientation interpolator node in an information compression method of a predictive encoding method, the efficiency of encoding is improved and an reverse rotation due to an encoding error from lossy coding can be corrected.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device having improved metal line structure has a first dielectric layer formed on a semiconductor substrate, a metal film pattern formed on the first dielectric layer, an interface protection layer on the metal film pattern, and a second dielectric layer on the interface protection layer, wherein the second dielectric layer contains a reactive material, e.g., fluorine, which is prevented by the interface protection layer from diffusing to the metal film pattern and reacting with the metal in the metal film pattern to form a damage film, e.g., metal fluoride, which is a highly resistive material that, if formed on the semiconductor device, would reduce the reliability of the metal film pattern and thus reduce the reliability of the semiconductor device as a whole.
Abstract:
A method of forming an interlayer dielectric layer of a semiconductor device and an interlayer dielectric layer using the same. By the method, a semiconductor substrate formed metal interconnect lines thereon is provided, a first insulating layer of a low dielectric material is formed on the semiconductor substrate, by a spin coating, and a second insulating layer of a low dielectric material is formed on the first insulating layer, by the high density plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The second insulating layer is planarized through a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process.
Abstract:
A printed circuit board for BGA semiconductor packages has structure for effectively grounding the PCB to a grounded mold during molding of the package, thus preventing any accumulation of electrostatic charge on the package, and hence, any damage to the semiconductor chips, bonding wires or conductive traces in the packages caused by a rapid discharge of such an accumulated charge. The grounding means may comprise a flat grounding pad, a raised grounding boss, and/or a plated-through, grounding tooling hole on the board. The grounding pad or boss is electrically connected to a ground via hole and/or a ground trace on the board, and is located outside of a package separation line formed on a surface of the PCB. The grounding tooling hole is internally plated with a conductive metal layer to make electrical contact with conductive tooling pins that extend between the molds.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an extract of a mixture of Anemarrhena Rhizoma, a member of the family Liliaceae and, Phellodendron bark, a member of the family Rutaceae that produces analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, and its preparing method. The present invention is applicable to act on inflammation and pain, for example, chronic gastritis, arthralgia, benign prostate hyperplasia, chronic and recurrent cystitis, cervical disc, degenerative joint arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, tennis elbow, osteoportotic pain, migraine, diabetic neuropathy pain, right flank pain, etc. The present invention a crude extract suitable for long-period administration with less side effects. Also, the present invention does not lead to dependency or resistance.
Abstract:
A washing machine and control methods thereof to enhance washing quality, even when using eco-friendly natural soap-based detergent. Controlling a rinse water temperature based on a wash water temperature to reduce a temperature difference therebetween prevents gelation caused by natural soap-based detergent and maximizes washing quality when using this type of detergent.
Abstract:
A database system may include an array of storage devices configured to store a plurality of database tables and a plurality of histograms. Each histogram may correspond to one or more columns of a database table. The database system may further include a processor in communication with the storage device. The processor may receive an indication that a histogram is to be rebuilt, wherein the histogram has a first number of intervals. The processor may determine at least one condition associated with a distribution of column values of at least one column in the histogram. The processor may determine a second number of histogram intervals based on the at least one condition. The processor may rebuild the histogram to include the second number of intervals. A method and computer-readable medium may also be implemented.
Abstract:
A vessel holder and a dish washing machine having the same, in which, when vessels are put into and washed in the dish washing machine, the vessels can be stably washed by improving a fixed state of each thereof. The dish washing machine includes a washing space, a vessel basket installed in the washing space, and includes wires, at least one vessel holder detachably installed to the vessel basket, and allowing a vessel to be inserted thereinto and supported therein. The vessel holder includes a plurality of supports elastically supporting the vessel, and an inserting part provided between the supports and allowing the vessel to be inserted thereinto.
Abstract:
Particular aspects provide novel methods for redirecting carbon allocation in plants or cell culture from lignification to inherently more useful and tractable materials, and to facilitate the generation of, e.g., biofuels from the remaining plant ro culture biomass. Particular aspects provided novel methods for converting monolignols into allyl/propenyl phenols, and for chavicol/eugenol formation or production. Additional aspects relate to the discovery of novel chavicol/eugenol synthases that convert p-coumaryl/coniferyl alcohol esters into chavicol/eugenol, and to novel compositions (e.g., novel proteins and nucleic acids encoding same), and novel methods using same for producing or forming chavicol/eugenol and other derivatives in cell culture and/or genetically modified plants, and for re-engineering the composition of plant biomass. Particular aspects provide novel methods for generation in culture or in planta of liquid/combustible allyl/propenyl phenols, and these phenolic products are utilized for (non-ethanol) biofuel/bioenergy purposes, while the remaining plant biomass facilitates the generation of other biofuels.