Abstract:
An integrated circuit (IC) for optimizing data presentation to an external memory interface bus is provided. The IC is in communication with the external memory via the external memory interface bus. The IC includes an encoder that may encode the data that are being sent to an external memory. The encoder encodes the data based on the logic value of the majority of bits in the data. The encoder is capable of setting a status bit to indicate that the data are encoded. Further connected in series with the encoder is a parity generator that sets the parity bit logic value based on whether the number of logic 1s in the data, along with the status bit, is even or odd. The IC also includes a parity checker to detect whether any error occurred in the data during transmission. The decoder within the IC decodes the data to the original data.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for allocating subcarriers in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system is described. In one embodiment, the method comprises allocating at least one diversity cluster of subcarriers to a first subscriber and allocating at least one coherence cluster to a second subscriber.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for subcarrier selection for systems is described. In one embodiment, the system employs orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). In one embodiment, a method for subcarrier selection comprises each of multiple subscribers measuring channel and interference information for subcarriers based on pilot symbols received from a base station, at least one of subscribers selecting a set of candidate subcarriers, providing feedback information on the set of candidate subcarriers to the base station, and the one subscriber receiving an indication of subcarriers of the set of subcarriers selected by the base station for use by the one subscriber.
Abstract:
A TDD antenna array S-CDMA system for increasing the capacity and quality of a wireless communications is disclosed. By simultaneous exploiting the spatial and code diversities, high performance communications between a plurality of remote terminals and a base station is achieved without sacrificing system flexibility and robustness. The time-division-duplex mode together with the inherent interference immunity of S-CDMA signals allow the spatial diversity to be exploited using simple and robust beamforming rather than demanding nulling. Measurements from an array of receiving antennas at the base station are utilized to estimate spatial signatures, timing offsets, transmission powers and other propagation parameters associated with a plurality of S-CDMA terminals. Such information is then used for system synchronization, downlink beamforming, as well as handoff management. In an examplary embodiment, the aforementioned processing is accomplished with minimum computations, thereby allowing the disclosed system to be applicable to a rapidly varying environment. Among many other inherent benefits of the present invention are large capacity and power efficiency, strong interference/fading resistance, robustness power control, and easy hand-off.
Abstract:
Described are compounds for the binding of S1PR2, and imaging agents and pharmaceutical compositions including said compounds. Also described are methods employing the compounds, imaging agents, and pharmaceutical compositions. These methods include imaging and/or treatment of diseases associated with S1PR2.
Abstract:
An integrated circuit (IC) package substrate with non-uniform dielectric layers is disclosed. The IC package substrate is a multilayer package substrate that has dielectric layers and metal layers stacked up alternately. The dielectric layers in the package substrate have different thickness. The metal layers may be ground, signal or power layers. A thicker dielectric layer is placed in between a signal layer and a power layer in the package substrate. The thicker dielectric layer may be at least twice as thick as other dielectric layers in the package substrate. The thicker dielectric layer may provide better impedance control in the package substrate.
Abstract:
Techniques are provided for reference frame management for screen content video coding using hash or checksum functions. A video data stream including a plurality of frames is received, each frame including a plurality of pixels that define content within the frame. A plurality of hash code values associated with partitioned portions of a current frame are determined, where each hash code value is determined as an output value from a hash or checksum function based upon an input value comprising pixel values for a corresponding partition within the current frame. The current frame is compared with a plurality of reference frames based upon a comparison of the hash code values of the current frame with hash code values of the reference frames. A reference frame is selected as a candidate reference frame for coding the current frame.
Abstract:
This present application relates to data encryption and decryption technology, and especially relates to a data encryption and decryption method and apparatus. The described encryption method comprises: packeting plaintext data to be encrypted, randomly assigning an encryption function an encryption key to each group of the plaintext data, encrypting each group of the plaintext data with the encryption function and key respectively, and arranging the encrypted data according to its corresponding position in the plaintext data to form a ciphertext. The encryption apparatus includes: packet module, encryption function and key random assignment module and encryption processing module. This application also provides a data decryption method and apparatus. This invention randomly assigns an encryption function and encryption key to the plaintext to be encrypted, and uses the assigned encryption function and key to encrypt the plaintext data to arrange and form a ciphertext, greatly strengthening the security of data storage, and achieving the perfect secrecy of data.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides a method for improving the performance of a membrane for use in a membrane distillation process, and a membrane produced by the method. The method includes subjecting the membrane to a pressure difference across the membrane in order to open closed pores in the membrane.