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108 条记录 (耗时 0.034 秒)

    Zinc sulfide liquefaction catalyst
    81.
    发明授权
    Zinc sulfide liquefaction catalyst 失效
    硫化锌液化催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US4441983A

    公开(公告)日：1984-04-10

    申请号：US409469

    申请日：1982-08-19

    申请人： Diwakar Garg

    发明人： Diwakar Garg

    IPC分类号： C10G1/06 ,  B01J27/00 ,  C10G1/08

    CPC分类号： C10G1/086

    摘要： A process for the liquefaction of carbonaceous material, such as coal, is set forth wherein coal is liquefied in a catalytic solvent refining reaction wherein an activated zinc sulfide catalyst is utilized which is activated by hydrogenation in a coal derived process solvent in the absence of coal.

    摘要翻译： 阐述了一种用于碳质材料如煤的液化的方法，其中在催化溶剂精炼反应中液化了煤，其中使用活化的硫化锌催化剂，其在不存在煤的情况下在来自煤的工艺溶剂中被氢化活化 。

    Iron catalyzed coal liquefaction process
    82.
    发明授权
    Iron catalyzed coal liquefaction process 失效
    铁催化煤液化过程

    公开(公告)号：US4411766A

    公开(公告)日：1983-10-25

    申请号：US352282

    申请日：1982-02-25

    申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Edwin N. Givens

    发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Edwin N. Givens

    IPC分类号： C10G1/06 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C10G1/08

    CPC分类号： C10G1/086 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C07C2523/745 ,  C07C2527/043

    摘要： A process is described for the solvent refining of coal into a gas product, a liquid product and a normally solid dissolved product. Particulate coal and a unique co-catalyst system are suspended in a coal solvent and processed in a coal liquefaction reactor, preferably an ebullated bed reactor. The co-catalyst system comprises a combination of a stoichiometric excess of iron oxide and pyrite which reduce predominantly to active iron sulfide catalysts in the reaction zone. This catalyst system results in increased catalytic activity with attendant improved coal conversion and enhanced oil product distribution as well as reduced sulfide effluent. Iron oxide is used in a stoichiometric excess of that required to react with sulfur indigenous to the feed coal and that produced during reduction of the pyrite catalyst to iron sulfide.

    摘要翻译： 描述了将煤的溶剂精炼成气体产物，液体产物和通常为固体的溶解产物的方法。 颗粒煤和独特的助催化剂体系悬浮在煤溶剂中，并在煤液化反应器，优选沸腾床反应器中加工。 助催化剂体系包括化学计量过量的氧化铁和黄铁矿的组合，其主要在反应区域中还原成活性硫化铁催化剂。 该催化剂体系导致催化活性增加，伴随改善的煤转化率和提高的油产物分布以及减少的硫化物流出物。 氧化铁以化学计量过量的量使用，与原料煤中的硫反应所需的量以及在将黄铁矿催化剂还原成硫化铁时产生的氧化铁。

    Process for improving prereforming and reforming of natural gas containing higher hydrocarbons along with methane
    89.
    发明授权
    Process for improving prereforming and reforming of natural gas containing higher hydrocarbons along with methane 有权
    改善含甲烷高碳氢化合物天然气的预重整和改造方法

    公开(公告)号：US07427388B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-09-23

    申请号：US10804536

    申请日：2004-03-19

    申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Shankar Nataraj ,  John Nelson Armor ,  John Michael Repasky

    发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Shankar Nataraj ,  John Nelson Armor ,  John Michael Repasky

    IPC分类号： C01B3/26

    CPC分类号： C01B3/382 ,  B01J23/78 ,  C01B2203/0227 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1058 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  Y02P20/52

    摘要： A process for prereforming natural gas containing higher hydrocarbons and methane, includes providing a reactor having a nickel catalyst; providing steam, hydrogen, and natural gas containing higher hydrocarbons and methane to the reactor; adding an oxidant to the feedstock, wherein the oxidant provides oxygen in an amount less than the amount required to partially oxidize all higher hydrocarbons to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen; reacting the oxidant with higher hydrocarbons; and forming a gaseous mixture containing methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam and hydrogen substantially free of higher hydrocarbons and oxygen. The gaseous mixture can be reformed. An apparatus for performing the process includes a reactor; a feedstock source containing steam, hydrogen, and natural gas comprising higher hydrocarbons and methane; an oxidant source; valves and pipes connecting the natural gas source, the oxidant source and the reactor; and a nickel-containing catalyst within the reactor.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于预先重构含有高级烃和甲烷的天然气的方法，包括提供具有镍催化剂的反应器; 向反应器提供含有较高级烃和甲烷的蒸汽，氢气和天然气; 向原料中加入氧化剂，其中氧化剂提供的氧量小于将所有高级烃部分氧化成一氧化碳和氢气的混合物所需的量; 使氧化剂与高级烃反应; 并形成含有甲烷，一氧化碳，二氧化碳，蒸汽和氢气的气态混合物，其基本上不含高级烃和氧气。 气体混合物可以重整。 一种用于执行该方法的装置包括反应器; 含有蒸气，氢气和包含高级烃和甲烷的天然气的原料源; 氧化剂源; 连接天然气源，氧化剂源和反应器的阀门和管道; 和反应器内的含镍催化剂。

    Methods For Depositing Metal Films On Diffusion Barrier Layers By CVD Processes
    90.
    发明申请
    Methods For Depositing Metal Films On Diffusion Barrier Layers By CVD Processes 审中-公开
    通过CVD法在扩散阻挡层上沉积金属膜的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080075855A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-03-27

    申请号：US11939224

    申请日：2007-11-13

    申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Hansong Cheng ,  John Norman ,  Eduardo Machado ,  Pablo Ordejon

    发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Hansong Cheng ,  John Norman ,  Eduardo Machado ,  Pablo Ordejon

    IPC分类号： C23C16/00 ,  H05H1/24

    CPC分类号： H01L21/76843 ,  C23C14/58 ,  C23C14/5846 ,  H01L21/28556 ,  H01L21/3205 ,  H01L21/32051 ,  H01L21/76856 ,  H01L21/76876

    摘要： A process is described for depositing a metal film on a substrate surface having a diffusion barrier layer deposited thereupon. In one embodiment of the present invention, the process includes: providing a surface of the diffusion barrier layer that is substantially free of an elemental metal and forming the metal film on at least a portion of the surface via deposition by using a organometallic precursor. In certain embodiments, the diffusion barrier layer may be exposed to an adhesion promoting agent prior to or during at least a portion of the forming step. Suitable adhesion promoting agents include nitrogen, nitrogen-containing compounds, carbon-containing compounds, carbon and nitrogen containing compounds, silicon-containing compounds, silicon and carbon containing compounds, silicon, carbon, and nitrogen containing compounds, or mixtures thereof. The process of the present invention provides substrates having enhanced adhesion between the diffusion barrier layer and the metal film.

    摘要翻译： 描述了在其上沉积有扩散阻挡层的衬底表面上沉积金属膜的方法。 在本发明的一个实施方案中，该方法包括：提供基本上不含元素金属的扩散阻挡层的表面，并通过使用有机金属前体沉积在至少部分表面上形成金属膜。 在某些实施方案中，扩散阻挡层可以在形成步骤的至少一部分之前或期间暴露于粘合促进剂。 合适的粘合促进剂包括氮，含氮化合物，含碳化合物，含碳和氮的化合物，含硅化合物，含硅和碳的化合物，硅，碳和氮的化合物或其混合物。 本发明的方法提供了在扩散阻挡层和金属膜之间具有增强的粘附性的基底。