Abstract:
The invention includes method, pharmaceutical compositions and uses thereof for treating patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) using a Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha (PDGFRA) inhibitor. The PDGFRA inhibitor is preferably an antibody specific to PDGFRA and causes an increase in the sensitivity level of PTC cells to radioiodine treatment. Moreover, the antibody can be used in combination with other PDGFRA inhibitors such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and RNA interference molecules.
Abstract:
The present invention provides compounds that are surrogates of post-translationally modified proteins and uses thereof. Numerous diseases are associated with post-translationally modified proteins that are difficult to obtain in homogenous form and in quantities needed for immunization and use as convenient standards, calibrators, and/or reference compounds that facilitate the detection and analysis of endogenous post-translationally modified proteins. The surrogate compounds of the invention typically comprise antigenic epitopes (one of which carries a post-translational modification) that are tethered by a flexible and hydrophilic linker. The resulting compound behaves like a surrogate of the post-translationally modified protein because it preserves the character of the included antigens and allows recognition by specific antibodies targeting the individual antigens. The surrogate compounds may be prepared by covalently joining two or more polypeptide epitopes using one or more linkers, wherein at least one of the epitopes comprises a post-translational modification. In one aspect, the surrogate compounds of the invention comprise a C-terminal epitope and a glycated epitope of human CD59. The inventive methods allow quantification of the levels of glycated CD59 in the serum in human subjects, particularly those with diabetes or pre-diabetes. This technological platform of post-translationally modified protein surrogates can be applied to other diseases associated with post-translationally modified proteins (e.g., autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus). In another aspect, the invention provides antibodies that bind specifically to the compounds of the invention and methods for producing such antibodies.
Abstract:
A method to identify a candidate compound for use in the treatment of a condition involving dysregulation of glucose homeostasis or of glucose uptake in a mammal, by identifying a candidate compound that causes an increase in translocation of GLUT without causing an increase in the production of cAMP. A kit for use in such a method. A method of treatment of a condition involving dysregulation of glucose homeostasis or of glucose uptake in a mammal and a compound for use in such a method.
Abstract:
The invention relates generally to activatable antibodies that include a masking moiety (MM), a cleavable moiety (CM), and an antibody (AB) that specifically binds to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and to methods of making and using these anti-EGFR activatable antibodies in a variety of therapeutic, diagnostic and prophylactic indications.
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods to modulate key elements along the DAG signaling pathway as well as a diagnostic assay, device and methods of using the same to diagnose bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods to identify diagnostic markers and drug targets for BD and ADHD. Methods of identifying effective compounds responsible for membrane potentials and excitabilities influencing bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods of identifying an effective compound that modulates the activity of Ca2+/CaM enzyme and compounds involved in changing the K+ gradient across the plasma membrane thereby increasing or decreasing the membrane potential ratio (MPR™) values. The invention provides methods of identifying a compound that modulates the activity of PKC which is an important protein of the DAG signaling pathway. Methods of identifying a compound that modulates DAG and its related enzymes along the DAG signaling pathway are provided. These compounds decrease or increase the membrane potential ratio (MPR™) in BD and ADHD patients.
Abstract:
Provided herein are Mycobacterium smegmatis porin nanopores, systems that comprise these nanopores, and methods of using and making these nanopores. Such nanopores may be wild-type MspA porins, mutant MspA porins, wild-type MspA paralog porins, wild-type MspA homolog porins, mutant MspA paralog porins, mutant MspA homolog porins, or single-chain Msp porins. Also provided are bacterial strains capable of inducible Msp porin expression.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a screening method for determining whether or not a candidate compound is a modulator of an insect transient receptor potential V (TRPV) channel. The present invention further provides a method of insect control by applying to an insect-specific TRPV channel modulator determined by the screening method. The present invention further relates to an expression vector that includes a nucleic acid molecule coding for an insect TRPV channel. Also, the present invention relates to cell that includes the expression vector encoding a TRPV channel.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to various soluble forms of CD31, including a novel form which is shed by activated platelets and released into the circulation. Methods for detecting said soluble forms of CD31 are disclosed, as are methods of specifically 1 detecting said platelet-derived shed CD31 and the use of such methods as a diagnostic tool.
Abstract:
The present invention concerns protection of an organ or tissue following an ischemic episode In particular aspects, the invention concerns organ preservation for transplantation, angina pectoris, kidney reperfusion injury, and so forth In specific embodiments, the organ is subjected to an inhibitor of an NCCa-ATP channel that is regulated by SUR1 Exemplary inhibitors include sulfonylurea compounds, such as glibenclamide, for example.
Abstract:
TRPV1 inhibitory peptides and a composition for skin-aging prevention and wrinkle improvement comprising the same as an active ingredient are described. The TRPV1 inhibitory peptide of the present subject matter inhibits the expressions of MMP and proinflammatory cytokines induced by UV exposure and reduces skinfold thickness and intracellular Ca2+ influx, so that it can be effectively used as an active ingredient of the composition for skin-aging prevention, wrinkle improvement, skin-whitening, or alleviating inflammation, irritation, or pain.