Abstract:
The present invention provides electronically conducting polymer films formed from photosensitive formulations of pyrrole and an electron acceptor that have been selectively exposed to UV light, laser light, or electron beams. The formulations may include photoinitiators, flexibilizers, solvents and the like. These formulations can be used to manufacture multichip modules on typical multichip module substrates, such as alumina, fiberglass epoxy, silicon and polyimide. The formulations and methods of the invention enable the formation of passive electronic circuit elements such as resistors, capacitors and inductors in multichip modules or printed wiring boards.
Abstract:
The present invention provides electronically conducting polymer films formed from photosensitive formulations of pyrrole and an electron acceptor that have been selectively exposed to UV light, laser light, or electron beams. The formulations may include photoinitiators, flexibilizers, solvents and the like. These solutions can be used in applications including printed circuit boards and through-hole plating and enable direct metallization processes on non-conducting substrates. After forming the conductive polymer patterns, a printed wiring board can be formed by sensitizing the polymer with palladium and electrolytically depositing copper.
Abstract:
A process is described for the agglomeration of fine particles utilizing a combustible agglomerating agent dispersed in an aqueous emulsion. The process is particularly directed to the handling of fine metal containing particles, originating as by-products or waste products of metallurgical processes, which are to be stored or recycled to metal extractive process steps. The amount of agglomerant added as aqueous emulsion to the particles, is calculated by correlating in an empirical formula the bulk density and the average particle size of the particles, with the emulsified combustible agglomerating agent to be added expressed as weight percent of the particles. The calculated amount of combustible agglomerating agent is emulsified in water, then mixed and blended with the particles, which usually comprise particles of non-uniform size distribution. The aqueous emulsion may also be formed in-situ on the surface of the particles, and the mixture is then blended to form agglomerates. The mixture which is advantageously at a temperature above the ambient, is allowed to cool and be compacted by its own weight. The dust free agglomerates obtained may be stored or charged directly to smelting or refining process steps.
Abstract:
Resilient side loading of vacuum brake booster check valves by U-shaped spring clips engaging the valve stems to inhibit valve pulsations and resulting valve noises generated by pulsations from the vacuum source.
Abstract:
An O-ring is received in a groove having only an arcuate portion thereof operative to act as a check valve, with the arcuate portion being movable into a chordal recess so that it does not provide full circumferential sealing engagement in the area of the arcuate portion, allowing fluid pressure or flow therethrough so long as the arcuate portion is so displaced. The resilient character of the O-ring urges the arcuate portion back to the closed position along a tapered ramp surface of the recess into which it was displaced when there is no pressure differential acting across the O-ring. Movement of the O-ring support member relative to a fixed surface normally sealed by the O-ring and net pressure forces on the O-ring may also tend to return the O-ring to the closed position in one direction of movement.
Abstract:
A brake pedal arm has a push rod mounting bracket slotted to receive a reduced diameter portion of the push rod when the booster assembly of which the push rod is a part is installed from the forward side of a vehicle dash. The bracket has body sections formed at an angle to locate the push rod and keep it from becoming disengaged once the assembly connection has been completed. A bumper provided on the push rod eliminates click noises generated by engagement of the push rod and the pedal arm bracket during fast release of the pedal arm.
Abstract:
A vacuum check valve member has a lip arrangement, which provides one sealing portion, and an inner reinforced second sealing portion, the valve member, and particularly the valve lip, acting to tend to pull itself closed with minimal flow across valve member in the valve closing direction. The inner sealing portion bottoms out at high differential pressures and is reinforced by a rigid valve body so that the valve member does not rely on the lip alone for full closure. The lip is flexible throughout the normal operating temperature range likely to be encountered, and upon opening when any ice crystals are formed thereon will flex and break up such ice crystals as the valve member is opening, preventing the valve member from sticking under extremely cold weather conditions. The valve operates without having a valve spring continually urging the valve member toward engagement with the valve seat.
Abstract:
A strip of shoe rim steel has holes punched, and lining is molded to it in segments with flat or curved tops, the strip then being bent at locations between the lining segments and remaining flat so as not to destroy the bond. The assembly is trimmed to length, the web attached and the lining pads ground to final dimensions. The number and length of lining pad segments can be varied. The lining can be used down to the rim ends at each pad while the pad center still contains lining where the molding holes are located.
Abstract:
A hybrid vehicle brake system with one set of brakes actuated by hydraulic pressure generated by a master cylinder in the usual manner, and a second set of hydraulically actuated wheel brakes controlled by brake effort demand as expressed by movement of the vehicle brake pedal by the vehicle operator to produce a brake demand signal independently of the master cylinder and the brake circuit for the first set of wheel brakes. The hydraulic pressure for the second brake set is maintained in an accumulator by a high and low pressure limit pump arrangement. When the stored brake pressure is required for brake actuation, it is directed through a variable valve arrangement to deliver the amount of actual brake actuating pressure needed at the second brake set to meet the operator's demand for braking effort. A control unit receives the brake demand signal as well as a signal indicating the actual brake actuating pressure sent to the second set of brakes. The control unit makes the brake supply pressure from the accumulator available and controls the variable valve arrangement to present the correct actual brake actuating pressure to the second brake set.
Abstract:
A master cylinder assembly has a low pressure, high volume displacement quick take-up chamber and a high pressure, low volume displacement pressurizing chamber formed by a stepped bore and a stepped piston. A compensation control and blow-off valve unit has a peripheral lip seal type valve providing compensation flow on brake release but preventing flow from the quick take-up chamber during brake apply. A normally closed check valve can open to provide communication between the quick take-up pressurizing chamber and the fluid reservoir. When the pressurizing cup for the high pressure chamber closes its compensation port, the check valve is subjected to the pressure in the quick take-up pressurizing chamber. Initial fluid flow is obtained from the quick take-up chamber past the pressurizing cup into the high pressure chamber. At a predetermined pressure level, arranged to be sufficient to take up lining clearance and initially apply the vehicle brakes, the pressure in the quick take-up chamber opens the normally closed check valve so that fluid from the quick take-up chamber then flows to the reservoir without further pressure buildup in that chamber. As the master cylinder is released, compensation fluid can flow past the peripheral compensation valve to both chambers. When the master cylinder is returned to the fully released position, the check valve is closed. A fluid flow restrictive orifice is provided in parallel with the normally closed check valve to provide a continuous fluid path controlled leak from the quick take-up chamber to the fluid reservoir.