Abstract:
There is provided a cleaning method for a hydrophobic filtration membrane used for membrane filtration of water to be treated such as seawater, discharged water and ballast water including a jelly-like suspended substance and clogged with the suspended substance in the water to be treated, the filtration membrane being brought into contact with limonene-containing water, or backwashing of the filtration membrane with a cleaning liquid being done, and then, a flow having air taken therein being applied onto a surface of the filtration membrane or a water stream from an eductor nozzle being sprayed onto the filtration membrane. There is also provided a membrane filtration apparatus capable of efficiently performing the above-mentioned cleaning method.
Abstract:
The invention offers a separation membrane element that can be produced by a method in which a membrane-sealing portion is formed by, first, immersing end portions of hollow-fiber-shaped porous separation membranes in a resinous liquid and, then, curing the resin, that has a feature in that the membrane-sealing portion is formed of a casting resin and pores of the hollow-fiber-shaped porous separation membranes are filled with a pore-filling resin at the portion at which the membranes are in contact with the membrane-sealing portion, so that the casting resin is strongly bonded with the pore-filling resin, and that has the hollow-fiber-shaped porous separation membranes whose basal portions are flexible, so that breakage of the basal portions and leakage of gas or liquid are less likely to occur when in use; a separation membrane element that has a feature in that in the membrane-sealing portion, at least the surface at a side that is to be in contact with a liquid to be treated is formed of a thermosetting fluororesin, so that the membrane-sealing portion has excellent chemical resistance comparable to that of the conventional membrane-sealing portion formed of a thermoplastic fluororesin; separation membrane modules having these separation membrane elements as constituting elements; and a method of producing the separation membrane element.
Abstract:
There is provided a water treatment apparatus, including: first membrane filtration means in which a filtration membrane having an average pore diameter of 1 μm or more is used; second membrane filtration means for treating water filtered by the first membrane filtration means, by using a microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane; and reverse osmosis membrane filtration means for treating water filtered by the second membrane filtration means. In particular, there is provided a water treatment apparatus, wherein a hydrophobic polymer membrane that is not subjected to hydrophilicizing processing is used as the filtration membrane having an average pore diameter of 1 μm or more. There is also provided a water treatment method that can be implemented by these water treatment apparatuses.
Abstract:
A process for production of a chain metal powder, which comprises the steps of reducing metal ions contained in an aqueous solution, while applying a magnetic filed to the solution, in the presence of both a reducing agent capable of generating a gas during the reduction of metal ions and a foamable water soluble compound, through the generation of a gas, a bubble layer on the surface of the aqueous solution to form a chain metal powder, separating the bubble layer formed on the surface of the aqueous solution from the solution, and collecting the chain metal powder contained in the bubble layer.
Abstract:
An escape device for aircrafts having a pair of gas bags and a slide member joined to the gas bags. The escape device provides a high resistance to radiation heat and reliable bonding between the sheet members. The sheet member forming the gas bags and the slide member includes a substrate of fabric and covering layers of thermosetting elastomer containing a flame retardant. The sheet members forming the gas bags are bonded together before the covering layer of one of the sheet members hardens completely. A protective layer is provided on the outer surface of the joint portion between the sheet members to reflect radiation heat.
Abstract:
A filter disposed as a cylinder around an axis line, and provided to be rotatable around the axis line, a treated water nozzle for emitting treated water toward an outer circumferential surface of the filter, a case provided to surround the filter, and including an outer cylindrical portion having a nozzle opening of the treated water nozzle therein, a filtered water flow path for guiding filtered water that has been transmitted through the filter to outside of the case from within the cylinder of the filter, and a discharge flow path for discharging discharged water that was not filtered through the filter to the outside of the case are provided.
Abstract:
The invention offers a separation membrane element that can be produced by a method in which a membrane-sealing portion is formed by, first, immersing end portions of hollow-fiber-shaped porous separation membranes in a resinous liquid and, then, curing the resin, that has a feature in that the membrane-sealing portion is formed of a casting resin and pores of the hollow-fiber-shaped porous separation membranes are filled with a pore-filling resin at the portion at which the membranes are in contact with the membrane-sealing portion, so that the casting resin is strongly bonded with the pore-filling resin, and that has the hollow-fiber-shaped porous separation membranes whose basal portions are flexible, so that breakage of the basal portions and leakage of gas or liquid are less likely to occur when in use; a separation membrane element that has a feature in that in the membrane-sealing portion, at least the surface at a side that is to be in contact with a liquid to be treated is formed of a thermosetting fluororesin, so that the membrane-sealing portion has excellent chemical resistance comparable to that of the conventional membrane-sealing portion formed of a thermoplastic fluororesin; separation membrane modules having these separation membrane elements as constituting elements; and a method of producing the separation membrane element.
Abstract:
A chain metal powder, which is free from branches and has a small distribution of the chain length, can be produced by a process of reducing metal ions contained in an aqueous solution, while applying a magnetic field to the solution containing ferromagnetic ions, in the presence of a polymer compound comprising repeating units of the formula (1): and repeating unit of the formula (2): or repeating unit of the formula (4); or a process which comprises the steps of reducing metal ions contained in an aqueous solution, while applying a magnetic filed to the solution, in the presence of both a reducing agent capable of generating a gas during the reduction of metal ions and a foamable water soluble compound, through the generation of a gas, a bubble layer on the surface of the aqueous solution to form a chain metal powder, separating the bubble layer formed on the surface of the aqueous solution from the solution, and collecting the chain metal powder contained in the bubble layer.
Abstract:
In an escape device for an aircraft having a pair of air bags formed of sheet members and a slide surface, the sheet members have a high tear strength and excellent flame retardancy. The sheet members forming the air bags are a rubber covered fabric having a substrate of fabric and covering layers of a thermosetting elastomer which contains a flame retardant. By using a flame retardant in the form of needle-like crystals having a high aspect ratio and a small crystal grain diameter, the flame retardant will not aggregate in the elastomer, but will be uniformly dispersed, so that the bond strength between the substrate and the covering layer is high.
Abstract:
A fluororesin-coated article comprising an aluminum or aluminum alloy base having a surface which has been finely roughened by electrochemical etching or chemical etching;(1) a first fluororesin layer provided on the roughened surface of the base and containing an inorganic filler and a filler comprising a heat-resistant polymer; and(2) a second fluororesin layer provided on the first fluororesin layer and containing substantially no filler.