Abstract:
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a metal wiring etchant. A metal wiring etchant according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes ammonium persulfate, an organic acid, an ammonium salt, a fluorine-containing compound, a glycol-based compound, and an azole-based compound.
Abstract:
An etchant includes about 0.1 percent by weight to about 30 percent by weight of ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8, about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an inorganic acid, about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an acetate salt, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight of a fluorine-containing compound, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight of a sulfonic acid compound, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 2 percent by weight of an azole compound, and a remainder of water. Accordingly, the etchant may have high stability to maintain etching ability. Thus, manufacturing margins may be improved so that manufacturing costs may be reduced.
Abstract translation:蚀刻剂包括约0.1重量%至约30重量%的过硫酸铵(NH 4)2 S 2 O 8,约0.1重量%至约10重量%的无机酸,约0.1重量%至约10重量%的 约0.01重量%至约5重量%的含氟化合物的乙酸盐,约0.01重量%至约5重量%的磺酸化合物,约0.01重量%至约2重量% 的唑类化合物,剩余的水。 因此,蚀刻剂可能具有高稳定性以保持蚀刻能力。 因此,可以提高制造裕度,从而可以降低制造成本。
Abstract:
Disclosed are optical signal transmission apparatus including a reflective gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier and optical communication system using the optical signal transmission apparatus, which can improve modulation speed and optical power by effectively suppressing intensity noise of an incoherent light source. The optical signal transmission apparatus comprises a light source; a reflective gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier to generate gain-clamped optical signals having a substantially constant output intensity in a gain saturation region; a wavelength division multiplexing apparatus configured to spectrum-slice light from the light source, provide the spectrum-sliced light to the reflective gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier, and multiplex optical signals gain-clamped by the reflective gain-clamped optical amplifier, and a circulator for inputting the light generated by the light source to the wavelength division multiplexing apparatus, and outputting the optical signal multiplexed by the wavelength division multiplexing apparatus to a transmission link.
Abstract:
A reflective semiconductor optical amplifier includes a substrate, a waveguide with a buried heterostructure formed by sequentially laminating a lower cladding, an active layer, and an upper cladding on the substrate, the waveguide including, sequentially, respective straight line, curved and tapered waveguide regions. A current blocking layer surrounds the waveguide to prevent electric current from flowing outside the active layer. Selectively etching portions of the current blocking layer and the substrate around the waveguide forms a trench to reduce parasitic capacitance. Further features include a window region on one end of the tapered waveguide region, an anti-reflection surface on one end of the window region, and a high-reflection surface on one end of the straight line waveguide region.
Abstract:
Disclosed are optical signal transmission apparatus including a reflective gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier and optical communication system using the optical signal transmission apparatus, which can improve modulation speed and optical power by effectively suppressing intensity noise of an incoherent light source. The optical signal transmission apparatus comprises a light source; a reflective gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier to generate gain-clamped optical signals having a substantially constant output intensity in a gain saturation region; a wavelength division multiplexing apparatus configured to spectrum-slice light from the light source, provide the spectrum-sliced light to the reflective gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier, and multiplex optical signals gain-clamped by the reflective gain-clamped optical amplifier. and a circulator for inputting the light generated by the light source to the wavelength division multiplexing apparatus, and outputting the optical signal multiplexed by the wavelength division multiplexing apparatus to a transmission link.
Abstract:
An etchant includes about 0.1 percent by weight to about 30 percent by weight of ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8, about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an inorganic acid, about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an acetate salt, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight of a fluorine-containing compound, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight of a sulfonic acid compound, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 2 percent by weight of an azole compound, and a remainder of water. Accordingly, the etchant may have high stability to maintain etching ability. Thus, manufacturing margins may be improved so that manufacturing costs may be reduced.
Abstract translation:蚀刻剂包括约0.1重量%至约30重量%的过硫酸铵(NH 4)2 S 2 O 8,约0.1重量%至约10重量%的无机酸,约0.1重量%至约10重量%的 约0.01重量%至约5重量%的含氟化合物的乙酸盐,约0.01重量%至约5重量%的磺酸化合物,约0.01重量%至约2重量% 的唑类化合物,剩余的水。 因此,蚀刻剂可能具有高稳定性以保持蚀刻能力。 因此,可以提高制造裕度,从而可以降低制造成本。
Abstract:
An etchant includes about 0.1 percent by weight to about 30 percent by weight of ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8, about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an inorganic acid, about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of an acetate salt, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight of a fluorine-containing compound, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight of a sulfonic acid compound, about 0.01 percent by weight to about 2 percent by weight of an azole compound, and a remainder of water. Accordingly, the etchant may have high stability to maintain etching ability. Thus, manufacturing margins may be improved so that manufacturing costs may be reduced.
Abstract translation:蚀刻剂包括约0.1重量%至约30重量%的过硫酸铵(NH 4)2 S 2 O 8,约0.1重量%至约10重量%的无机酸,约0.1重量%至约10重量%的 约0.01重量%至约5重量%的含氟化合物的乙酸盐,约0.01重量%至约5重量%的磺酸化合物,约0.01重量%至约2重量% 的唑类化合物,剩余的水。 因此,蚀刻剂可能具有高稳定性以保持蚀刻能力。 因此,可以提高制造裕度,从而可以降低制造成本。
Abstract:
An optical transmitter including a multi-lambda source to output injection light consisting of a plurality of injection wavelengths in channels, a circulator having a first port, a second port, and a third port, the circulator receiving the injection light at the first port, and outputting the received injection light to the second port, and further receiving signal light at the second port, and outputting the received signal light to the third port, an arrayed waveguide grating having a multiplexing port connected to the second port of the circulator, and a plurality of demultiplexing ports, spectrum-slicing injection light received from the circulator at the multiplexing port into a plurality of injection channels, and outputting the injection channels to the demultiplexing ports and further receiving and multiplexing a plurality of signal channels at the demultiplexing ports, into a signal light, and outputting the signal light to the multiplexing port, and a plurality of reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers connected to the demultiplexing ports of the arrayed waveguide grating, respectively, each of the reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers receiving an associated one of the injection channels, and amplifying the associated injection channel to generate an associated one of the signal channels.
Abstract:
A multi-wavelength light source includes a substrate, a fabry-perot laser laminated on the substrate that is operated by driving current below a predetermined threshold current to generate multi-wavelength light including a plurality of peaks whose wavelengths and spacing are identical to these of WDM channels. A semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is laminated on the substrate in an arrangement such that a slant surface of the SOA is opposed to a side surface of the fabry-perot laser, which serves to thereby amplify the multi-wavelength light output from the fabry-perot laser. The semiconductor optical amplifier is driven in a gain saturation state to reduce the relative intensity of noise in the channels of the multi-wavelength light that are simultaneously amplified.
Abstract:
An optical transmitter including a multi-lambda source to output injection light consisting of a plurality of injection wavelengths in channels, a circulator having a first port, a second port, and a third port, the circulator receiving the injection light at the first port, and outputting the received injection light to the second port, and further receiving signal light at the second port, and outputting the received signal light to the third port, an arrayed waveguide grating having a multiplexing port connected to the second port of the circulator, and a plurality of demultiplexing ports, spectrum-slicing injection light received from the circulator at the multiplexing port into a plurality of injection channels, and outputting the injection channels to the demultiplexing ports and further receiving and multiplexing a plurality of signal channels at the demultiplexing ports, into a signal light, and outputting the signal light to the multiplexing port, and a plurality of reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers connected to the demultiplexing ports of the arrayed waveguide grating, respectively, each of the reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers receiving an associated one of the injection channels, and amplifying the associated injection channel to generate an associated one of the signal channels.