摘要:
A method by which optical filter structures may be applied onto a substrate that is transparent to light at least in the visible wavelength range suitable for a barrier filter.In such a method, an adhesive is applied onto the substrate; then, a photographic film comprising a base film and a photographic emulsion layer applied on it is brought into contact with the adhesive. The optical filter structures are impressed in the photographic emulsion layer by exposure, development and fixation. The side of the film brought into contact with the adhesive is the one that bears the photographic emulsion layer. The adhesive is then spread between film and substrate by means of a roller rolling across the film at a specified contact pressure and a specified feed rate of the roller and thus pressing the film against the substrate. A permanent joint between substrate and photographic emulsion layer is then established by the curing of the adhesive. In a further step, the base film may be thermally separated and removed from the photographic emulsion layer.
摘要:
A method for determining a lambda air ratio using a gas sensor having a ceramic measuring element, an output voltage of the gas sensor changing abruptly if lambda is changed in the range around lambda=1 and the gas sensor having an initial inverse voltage which is dependent on the temperature of the gas sensor. A threshold value for the initial inverse voltage is established for a limit between a lambda value below and above 1 as a function of the temperature of the gas sensor. Also described is a device for implementing the method. The method and the device make it possible to operate gas sensors having a ceramic measuring element at an even lower temperature than according to the related art and thus reduce the period between the start of an internal combustion engine and the operational readiness of a lambda regulation. This makes it possible to reduce the fuel consumption as well as the emission of undesirable components of the exhaust gas.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for fabricating objects with a structured optically effective surface for fabricating lenticular screens. The method may comprise:applying a liquid plastic layer, consisting of a plastic that will cure by the input of energy, onto a substrate,smoothing the surface of the liquid plastic layer,inputting energy into the plastic, whereinthe amount of energy to be applied per unit of time is specified for different positions as a function of the structure height to be produced in these positions, so that, as a result of the energy input, different quantities of still uncured and already cured solidified plastic exist in different positions of the surface, and removing the uncured plastic whereby the remaining, cured plastic defines an optically effective structure.
摘要:
A sensor element for determining gas components in gas mixtures and a method for manufacturing the sensor element are provided, the sensor element having at least one pump cell which includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode being situated in a measuring gas space of the sensor element, and the pump cell pumping oxygen into or out of the measuring gas space of the sensor element. The surface area of the second electrode is greater than that of the first electrode, and the second electrode has a diffusion barrier against the gas mixture diffusing to the second electrode, the diffusion resistance of the diffusion barrier being determined by its porosity and/or layer thickness being selected such that, given a predefined pump voltage applied to the first and second electrodes, essentially the same pump current flows between the electrodes as would flow if the diffusion barrier were not provided and both electrodes had the same surface areas exposed to the gas mixture.
摘要:
A method by which optical filter structures may be applied onto a substrate that is transparent to light at least in the visible wavelength range suitable for a barrier filter.In such a method, an adhesive is applied onto the substrate; then, a photographic film comprising a base film and a photographic emulsion layer applied on it is brought into contact with the adhesive. The optical filter structures are impressed in the photographic emulsion layer by exposure, development and fixation. The side of the film brought into contact with the adhesive is the one that bears the photographic emulsion layer. The adhesive is then spread between film and substrate by means of a roller rolling across the film at a specified contact pressure and a specified feed rate of the roller and thus pressing the film against the substrate. A permanent joint between substrate and photographic emulsion layer is then established by the curing of the adhesive. In a further step, the base film may be thermally separated and removed from the photographic emulsion layer.
摘要:
The invention relates to a system (1) for venting a fuel tank (3). The system (1) has a gas vessel (9), a first line (11), and a second line (13). The gas vessel (9) is designed to receive fuel vapor (7) from the fuel tank (3). The first line (11) connects the gas vessel (9) to an air supply path (21) of an internal combustion engine (19). The second line (13) connects the gas vessel (9) to a fuel supply path (30) of the internal combustion engine (19).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing a cylinder (10, 110) for a two-stroke engine, comprising the following steps: producing a casting core (30, 130), wherein a central core slide (31, 131) for the cylinder chamber (11, 111) and at least one salt core (33, 133) for an overflow channel (18, 19; 118, 119) are produced and the at least one salt core (33, 133) is connected to the central core slide (31, 131), inserting the casting core (30, 130) into a casting mold, casting the cylinder (10, 110) in a die-casting process, removing the central core slide (31, 131) from the cylinder (10, 110), wherein the at least one salt core (33, 133) is separated from the central core slide (31, 131), and flushing the at least one salt core (33, 133) out of the cylinder (10, 110). The invention further relates to a casting core (30, 130) for such a method.
摘要:
A method for orienting a parallax barrier screen on a display screen with picture elements x(i,j) in a grid comprising rows i and columns j for the purpose of producing a display screen for three-dimensional representation. This method includes the steps of: temporary application of a positioning marker, observation of the positioning marker by means of a camera, relative orientation of the display screen, removal of the positioning marker, positioning of the parallax barrier screen in front of the picture area of the display screen display of a test picture, which comprises various views, where k=1, . . . , n and n=6 or n=7, on the picture elements x(i,j) with rows i and columns j, observation of the displayed test picture through the parallax barrier screen by the camera, orientation of the parallax barrier screen in front of the display screen. The method according to the invention can be carried out quickly and is therefore suitable for industrial use for the manufacture of display screens for three-dimensional representation.